XIX. Yüzyılın İlk Yarısında Doğu Akdeniz’de İngiliz-Rus Nüfuz Mücadelesinin Merkezi Olarak Kudüs
Jarusalem as a Center of Anglo-Russian Influence Struggle During the First Half of 19th Century

Summary/Abstract: The confrontation of the two great political powers of the 19th century in the Eastern Mediterranean took place primarily in al-Quds (Jerusalem) and its surroundings. Britain's foreign policy at the time was to keep the route to India under its control whilst aware of the steps that Russia was taking in the region after the Napoleonic danger was eliminated. In other words, Britain followed a reactive eastern policy towards Russia. Russia's policy of access to warm-water ports (seas) had remained stable since Peter the Great. However, the policy of protecting Orthodox peoples with an ideological background continued to develop, influenced by the political, social and military developments in Russia. Russia, which viewed the Orthodox Arabs in Palestine and Syria as its subjects outside its borders, included this claim in all political treaties that resulted from victory over the Ottoman Empire. The fact that Russia began to gain influence over these citizens caused Britain to pursue a policy of influence in the region through the establishment of a consulate and missionary activities. As a result, Britain, unable to convert Orthodox Arabs and Jews to Protestantism, tended to protect Jews, who were Ottoman citizens, and began to encourage Jewish immigration to Palestine.

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