MARSHALL PLANI YARDIMLARININ TÜRKİYE’DEKİ BALIKÇILIK SEKTÖRÜNÜN YAPISAL ve İKTİSADİ GELİŞİMİ ÜZERİNE ETKİLERİ
EFFECTS OF MARSHALL PLAN AIDS ON THE STRUCTURAL AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF THE FISHERIES SECTOR IN TURKEY

Summary/Abstract: The ‘Aid of Marshall Plan’ includes the economic aid provided by the USA for the restructuring of the European states in 1947 after the Second World War. According to the "Marshall Economic Cooperation Agreement" signed with the Turkish Government on July 4, 1948, the United States was giving aid, but controlling the use of resources. Within the scope of the Marshall Plan, Turkey received aid amounting to 7640000 dollars between 1948-1952 for the development of the fisheries and fisheries sector. These aids continued until the 1950s. After the 1950s, radical changes have occurred in Turkey's socio-political and socio-economic life. The transition to multiparty life, the Democratic Party's coming to power in 1950, the entry into NATO and the acceleration of infrastructure works such as ports and highways with the support of Marshall Aids, and the 'Meat and Fish Association for the development of the fish industry in 1952. Structural changes, which can be considered as important, have been achieved in the fishing sector with the establishment of the Turkish Fisheries Association and, on the other hand, with the establishment of fishermen's cooperatives after 1960. In this process, in 1951, by the Ministry of Economy and Trade, 'III. Fisheries Congress was held. With these financial supports, investments were made to improve the technical infrastructure and production of fisheries such as ten cold storage and ice storage facilities, supply of nets, yarn and ship engines. In this context, an allocation of 200 thousand dollars was allocated to the factory owners for the expansion of food canning factories. In addition, a factory with a daily capacity of 100 tons was established in Trabzon to obtain oil and flour from dolphins. The Hydrobiology Research Institute was restructured in place of the Fisheries Institute, which was closed in Baltalimani by the Ministry of Economy and Trade with the cooperation of Istanbul University. The Institute has been operating since 1951. Apart from the fishing boats, three separate boats were purchased by the Meat and Fish Authority for research purposes and delivered to the Hydrobiology Institute in 1952. With the increase in research and monitoring activities in the field of fisheries, significant production increases were achieved, especially in marine fisheries, from 1951 to 1960. In this study, the structural and economic development of the fisheries sector by Marshall Aids used by Turkey is discussed. Before and after the period in which the aid was applied, it was analysed comparatively.

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