CHLEB W ŚWIETLE POLSKIEJ FRAZEMATYKI GWAROWEJ
BREAD IN THE LIGHT OF POLISH DIALECTAL PHRASEMATICS

Summary/Abstract: Materials for the article are mainly derived from Słownik gwar polskich (Lexicon of Polish Dialects) issued by the Polish Academy of Sciences and from Nowa księga przysłów i wyrażeń przysłowiowych polskich (New Book of Polish Proverbs and Proverbial Expressions). The Lexicon of Polish Dialects presents seven meanings of the word chleb [bread]. In the article, only the first and basic meaning of the word is taken into account: “unsweetened baked product made of cereal flour and leaven or yeast formed and baked in loaves”. The specific features of bread in folk culture shall be presented in the form of phrasemes – these allow us to expose stereotypical judgments grouped in the following facets: baking bread, parts of bread, features of bread, amount of bread, bread and additives, the place of bread in the food hierarchy, opposites of bread, the role of bread in human life, respect for bread. In many cases, the phrasemes that include the lexeme bread have metaphorical meanings which refer to everyday situations and human attitudes.

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