KATEGORYZACJA POJĘCIA TOŻSAMOŚCI W PERSPEKTYWIE SPOŁECZNO-KULTUROWEJ
CATEGORIZATION OF THE CONCEPT OF IDENTITY IN A SOCIO-CULTURAL PERSPECTIVE

Summary/Abstract: Identity is an issue raised in various scientific fields. It is a multifaceted phenomenon seen from many perspectives. The most general definition of identity concerns the definition of “oneself” in social reality. When referring to the phenomenon, two types of identity should be emphasized: individual and collective. Taking into account the various aspects of identity, it is worth identifying different points of view of the phenomenon. The article aims to categorize identities in terms of various scientific fields. By distinguishing between the perspectives of identity on the basis of literature, it will be possible to get acquainted with the diverse scientific background defining the same phenomenon. The analytical-synthetic method will allow to capture the entire phenomenon in relation to individual planes. Material and methods: analytical-synthetic method based on the literature. Results: Analysis of the phenomena of “identity” based on the analysis of literature in selected areas. Conclusions: The fact that the issue of identity is present in so many scientific fields is evidenced about the complexity of the phenomenon. The analysis of the issues raised, taking into account various scientific areas, allows to illustrate the issue of identity taking into account various points of reference. The field of psychology presents an individual aspect of identity focusing on human behavior and the functioning of the human psyche. Sociology deals with the individual and collective aspects of identity, taking into account human interactions with the outside world. Anthropology goes to the roots of human existence and origins, while philosophy seeks an answer to the question “who am I?” By juxtaposing the above-mentioned scientific fields, the general characteristics of “identity” are approximated. In relation with however, identity is a broad issue, it is worth knowing its meaning in each from the discussed scientific fields, which constitute its entirety in the overall image of “identity”.

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