Психоаналитичното учение на Фройда
The Psychoanalytical Teaching оf Freud

Presentation аnd Criticism

Summary/Abstract: At the beginning of the article the author has defined the emergence of psychoanalysis as a major event in the spiritual life of humanity having had a huge impact on the mental life of its time. It has accomplished a radical change in psychology, and then in sociology, art, literature and literary criticism, history, criminology, etc. Psychoanalysis claims to have shed new light in all these fields of human knowledge. The unconscious psychism plays a central role in explaining various phenomena in man’s personal and social life according to psychoanalysts. The unconscious forms a separate system alongside the system of the conscious. The two systems are fundamentally different and comply with different laws. The second part of the text disputes the thesis of children’s sexuality as the main source of the unconscious psychism. The criticism of children’s sexual drives as the source of the unconscious casts a doubt on the whole structure of the psychoanalytical theory. Freud's discovery of the unconscious has been disputed by giving numerous examples of thinkers who had analyzed it before him. The conclusion is made that he had actually restored a long lived tradition in German psychology and psychoanalysis meant a turnabout to the German natural philosophy of the late 17th and early 19th centuries with its entire set of concepts.

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