СТРАДА В ПОЭЗИИ Н. НЕКРАСОВА: ИСТОРИЧНОСТЬ, КУЛЬТУРНАЯ МИФОЛОГИЯ И ВИЗУАЛЬНЬIЙ КОД
STRADA IN N. NEKRASOV’S POETRY: HISTORICISM, CULRURAL MYTHOLOGY AND VISUAL CODE

Summary/Abstract: The article explores the concepts of ‘strada’ (hard seasonal work) and ‘stradnoe krestyanstvo’ (the peasant who do this hard work) in Nekrasov's poetry as a counterpoint to the myths and scenarios of the monarchy. An analysis of the poem “In full swing the village suffering” written in 1862, is proposed in relation to the historical context of the early 1860s: with the Manifesto for liberation from serfdom in 1861 and its idea of "ordering the country" as in Rurik’s times; with the visual images of the celebration of the Millennium of Russia in 1862 - the monument of "Russia, blessed by the heavens, with the support of the state shield" and the metaphorical "mutual love" public contract under Alexander II in the opera "Polyubovnoe dogovarivanie". The visual code reveals the opposition between Nekrasov's Narodnost and the official Narodnost through the interpretation of the Russian ethnic stereotype "Russia as a woman". The monumentality of the image of Russia, blessed by the heavens with the support of the state shield and its glorification in the state and church communities are interrupted by poetic cry for the other, rural Russia, depicted as a reaper woman - "Mnogostradalnaya mat’ vsevynosyaschego russkogo plemeni" (a personification of Russia as a suffering mother). The counterpoint is clarified as a dialogue between two layers of cultural mythology with data from language, history, folk culture, folk-mythological and biblical archetypes.

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