Od kontumca do bolnice: javnozdravstveni uvjeti gradiške Posavine 18. i 19. stoljeća
From Quarantine to Hospital: Public Health Circumstances in Gradiška Posavina during the 18th and 19th Centuries

Summary/Abstract: This paper aims at supplementing previous knowledge about the sanitary corridor on the border with the Ottoman Empire, which included quarantines, chardaks, and rastella, and extended from the Croatian Littoral to Hungary, with a special focus on the trade centre and fortress of Gradiška on the river Sava. Based on the archival sources, including newspapers and unpublished plans of quarantines and rastella built next to the frontier fortress of Gradiška during the 18th and 19th centuries, the paper presents the way in which the quarantine functioned in the mid-18th century, before it was abandoned towards the end of the century, as well as the emergence of rastella and the organization of the first hospitals. At the end of the 18th century, health care was organized inside the fortress, in the form of a garrison hospital, which is documented around 1780 in Stara Gradiška. Based on the public health legacy of the quarantine and the garrison hospital, and due to the efforts of Franjo Horak, Colonel of the Gradiška Regiment, a regiment hospital was built in Nova Gradiška in 1842. The military public health infrastructure was inherited by the civilian administration and the hospital of Nova Gradiška became a county hospital at the end of the 19th century.

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