ТРИ ТЕОРИЈСКА МОДЕЛА ТЕРИТОРИЈАЛНЕ ОРГАНИЗАЦИЈЕ ВЛАСТИ - Унитарна држава, федерација, регионална држава
THREE THEORETICAL MODELS OF TERRITORIAL ORGANISATION OF POWER - Unitary State, Federation, Regional State

Summary/Abstract: The system of local self-government exists in every state, with several categories of hierarchically connected pyramid of power, beginning with the municipality at the bottom and up to the highest degree unit (provinces, regions, and the like). In a unitary state the territorial organisation of power is regulated by constitution and law, and the state is authorized at any moment to change it through its central organ of authority. Federation is, on the other hand, formed by federal units, whose status is characterized by independence (i.e. right to enact their own constitution, right to self-organize within the framework of the federal constitution jurisdiction established by the federal constitution, and the like). In contract to the local self-government units, the federal ones take part in the process of enactment and amending the constitution and laws, primarily through their representatives in one of the chambers of the federal parliament. Finally, regional state, as a recent creation, is something between a unitary state and federation - tertium genus. Regions as units are characterized by historical, ethnical, linguistic, geographic and economic specificities and therefore enjoy considerable degree to autonomy, having their own bodies and agencies, wide jurisdiction and the like. Their status, however, does not include the element of statehood, so that, essentially it is similar to that of the local self-government units of the highest level. On the other hand, the regions participate in establishing and activity of central parliament, so that in a way they are similar to the federal units. Thus, regional state has also the elements of a unitary one, so that it fits into the general tendency of coming nearer of these two forms of territorial organisation of power.

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