L’antisémitisme en Roumanie dans l’entre-deux-guerres et la réaction politique des Juifs
Antisemitism in Interwar Romania and the Political Reaction of the Jews

Summary/Abstract: Antisemitism was a constant presence in interwar Romania, but took different forms during 1919–1933 and 1934–1939, respectively. The first period was marked by the granting of civil rights under the Constitution of 1923, but also by their questioning through the Mârzescu Law (1924) and various other legal bills, as well as by recurring anti-Jewish unrest provoked by the students, stimulated by the far right organizations and their ideologues. The second period was marked by the return to an anti-Jewish legislation, and, ultimately, by a large scale withdrawal of citizenship. This article provides a chronological overview of the anti-Semitic manifestations of these two periods, and of the political reaction of the Jews, particularly through electoral challenges. For as long as the Jewish population could have representatives in the Chamber of Deputies and the Senate, “Jewish politics” translated into an exemplary defense of its rights, in constant relation to the engagements undertaken by Romania at the Paris Peace Conference.

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