ANTROPOLOŠKA OBILJEŽJA DJECE PREDŠKOLSKE DOBI – PREDUVJET OPTIMALNOG PROGRAMIRANJA TJELESNIH AKTIVNOSTI
THE ANTROPOLOGICAL FEATURES OF PRESCHOOL CHILDREN AS A PRE-REQUISITE FOR OPTIMAL KINESIOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES PROGRAMMING

Summary/Abstract: 111 examinees (67 boys and 44 girls) at the age of 4, 5 and 6 (give or take 6 months) which attend „Radost“ kindergarten in Crikvenica have been exposed to a research programme which consists of measurement instruments made of 8 variables of the anthropological status (2 of them were of morphological and 6 of them were of motorical type). This research has been conducted to identify the level of the measured characteristics so that we can determine the correlation between and inside the measured spaces, as well as its optimal programming. The data were acquired by applying the basic central and dispersion parameters – arithmetic mean (AS), standard deviation (SD), minimal (MIN) and maximal (MAX) value, median (MD), symmetry coefficient (SK) and the curvature coefficient (KU). Calculation of the z-value and the correlation within measured spaces, as well as morphological and motorical spaces also led to the data acquisition. To compare the sex variables Mann–Whitney test was used, and to compare the age variables ANOVA analysis was conducted. Based on the data acquired by central and dispersion parameters the level of the anthropological characteristics is identified. In the morphological space the existence of significant discrepancy was established when it came to measuring the height of the four-year-olds and the five-year-olds as well as the four-year-olds and six-year olds, and also when it came to weighing all age groups. It is also evident that the boys in this age group (preschoolers) are taller and heavier than girls. In the motorical space the domination of boys can be seen; boys scored better than girls in all variables to be exact, especially in the variables which evaluate explosive strength (standing long jump discipline) and coordination (the lost ball exercise). By applying the correlation matrix a statistically significant connection between all variables is identified. The most distinctive connection is found between the variables which determine the morphological space of longitudinal skeleton dimensionality and the body mass and voluminosity.

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