Kompetencje kulturowe w siłach zbrojnych państw NATO w XXI wieku. Stan badań
Cultural Competence in Armed Forces of NATO Countries in the XXI Century. The State of Research

Summary/Abstract: Culture and heritage preservation in the context of military missions in the education of officers of allied forces is a topic dating back to antiquity. At the same time, in connection primarily with operations in Iraq and Afghanistan, interest in this issue has increased at the turn of the 20th and 21st centuries. The importance of knowing the enemy's culture to achieve success in military operations is emphasized in strategic studies. To meet the new challenges, the U.S. Army created the so-called Human Terrain System, which relied on the cooperation of cultural anthropologists with the military. The article aims to characterize the current state of research on cultural competence in the military and systematize the subject based on Polish studies in security sciences. There appears the concept of cultural competence, shaped on the psychological ground, denoting problems with the adaptation of war veterans to the civilian environment, reflecting the issue of modern armed conflicts and the associated contact of different cultures. The research for this article was based primarily on the analysis of the literature on the subject with the help of a statistical review. This allowed the author to develop systematics and show the direction of implementing research results to the practice and military organization; to show the changes in the researched subject at the turn of the 20th and 21st centuries with emphasizing the differences between Western and Polish science, revealing the fragmentary nature and causal character of the latter. On the other hand, regardless of the Polish or Western science, there is a noticeable lack of research and studies with a practical dimension in building programs in cultural competence. The discussed publications do not exhaust the topic of cultural competence. One can even say that the scope of meanings and competencies is still being built.

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