Od sztuki lekarskiej do nowej logiki medycyny. Władysława Biegańskiego poszukiwania teoretycznych podstaw leczenia
From the Art of Medicine to the New Logic of Medicine. Władysław Biegański in Search of Theory for Medical Therapy

Summary/Abstract: Władysław Biegański is one of the members of the so-called Polish school of philosophy of medicine. He was, next to Ludwik Fleck, the best-known Polish scientist who contributed to the development of philosophy of medicine. Despite his active medical activity, he published over 130 scientific works in the fields not only of medicine, but also of philosophy, epistemology, logic and ethics. His experiences as a doctor and scientist allowed him to look at philosophical problems in an innovative way. I would like to focus on Bieganski’s pioneering remarks on analogy, methodology of science and theory of cognition. Bieganski wanted to break with the myth of a scientist who, thanks to her extraordinary mental acuity and some lucky events, makes a scientific discovery. Biegański analyzed the history of science through the concept of analogy, and thanks to this approach he reconstructed the development of medicine and biology. Bieganski wanted to formulate a method for modern medicine and thus enable its development in Poland. In my article, I will present his biography within the background of the era and will outline theoretical characteristics of his works.

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