Islamo mistikai ir ortodoksai: doktrininių, teorinių, psichotechninių ir socialinių aspektų santykis islamo tradicijoje
Mystics and orthodox of islam: the relationship of doctrinal, theoretical, psychotechnical and social aspects in islamic tradition

Summary/Abstract: The author of article puts into doubt the assertion that there was a reconciable enmity between so-called mystics and orthodox of islam. By quoting many facts and examples from the developments of islam and sufism, the author endeavors to show that in all level of islamic doctrine there were many differences and different opinions and school, on the other hand, the relations between various trends in sufism, fiqh and kalaam were so intertwined that there is no real possibility to treat them in isolation. Further the article deals with the main stages in the development of doctrinal sufism and the cause of its rise and genesis, discusses main representatives of sufism and some problems that sufism has given rise to, especially the epitemiological claims of sufis, attempts to substantiate these claims and the attitudes of other islamic schools to the claims of sufis.The article continues on briefly dicussing the specifical features of famous sufi Junayd’s teachings. It also discusses epiphenomena of sufism and gives a classification of sufi texts according to their purpose. The second half of the article chiefly deals with the theories of the most famous representatives of Sufism the Great Sheykh Muhyiddin Ibn Arabi and the contraditions and contraverses that these theories have given rises in muslim and sufi circles, as well as different way of response that islamic thinkers have given to the challenge of Ibn Arabi’s theories. Among these responses to Ibn Arabi’s conception the focus is given to the persian sufi Semnani whose recondite mystical metaphysical system was hardly less refined than that of the Great Sheykh. Finally the article analyses on the example of India of XVII the impact of the mystical ideas for social and political development by discussing the relation of the systems of Ibn Arabi and Semnani with political and civilizational processes.

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