Към въпроса за Кирило-Методмевия старобългарски превод на Псалтира
On the Problem of the Old-Bulgarian Translation of the Psalter by Cyril and Methodius

Summary/Abstract: A parallel study of twenty psalter texts from the 11th-16th cc. served as a basis for characterizing an archaic group of psalters which comprises texts from the earliest known transcripts to the two editions of the text in the 16th century: from Norovo in the beginning of the century and from Mount Athos. Attention is devoted to the principles and specificities of the translation from Greek, and their application at different stages in the text, the distinctive lexical and morphological specificities of archaic psalters as a whole, the interrelations of the texts in the group and its link with later versions. The principles of translation reflected in the Old-Bulgarian translation of the Psalter are studied on the basis of words or morphemes and the spheres of their application. The results are compared with the findings of E. M. Vereshchagin on gospel texts. In characterizing the Old-Bulgarian translation of the Psalter, special attention is paid to the norms reflected in it for rendering concrete the specificities of formal expression in Greek into Old-Bulgarian. Texiological comparison of the archaic psalters with the 14th century corrected versions reveals characteristic lexical and morphological specificities of the archaic group as a whole, and determines the stable part of the translation in the course of its development. On the basis of comparison with older texts, the author has traced the stages and the sources of penetration of variants in the text, accepted in the corrected versions. The place of the Sinai-Bichkov's Psalter of the 11th century in the tradition of Slav manuscript psalters is established. Being considerably corrected as compared with the Sinai Glagolitic Psalter, with a view to bringing it closer to the Greek original above all semantically and partly formally, this type of text was widespread for the needs of divine service and it served as an archaic model and as a basis for correction of the two revised versions of the 14th century, as well as for the inconsistent corrections during the 13th century.

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