ОСНОВНИЯТ ВЪПРОС НА ЕТНОЛОГИЯТА

Author(s): Konstantin Rangochev / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 20/2021

The main question of ethnology is: What is the attitude of the researchers (ethnologists, folklorists, anthropologists, and in general researchers in humanities) towards the spiritual word, that is, towards the religious and mythological believes and ideas. What is their answer to the fundamental question if there are two worlds, material and spiritual, or is there only one world, the material one? A researcher could take only one of these two positions. A constituent premise for solving this question is the understanding that the Bulgarian, the so-called “folklore person”, till recent time is homo religiosus, that is a person who lives in and through the religious world. If ethnologists do not have this view point, how could they interpret the phenomena of present-day Bulgarian folklore culture?

Нова книга на български език за занаята на историците от проф. Марк Бооне

Author(s): Ivan Biliarsky / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2022

Книга за историята на морския град Бяла

Author(s): Asen Kozhuharov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2022

В новите книжки на научните списания на издателство "Aз-буки" четете

Author(s): Author Not Specified / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2022

СВ. ТЕОДОР, ТОДОРОВА САБОТА – ПРАЗНИК НА ЉУБОВТА

Author(s): Blagitsa Stojanova / Language(s): Macedonian Issue: 20/2021

In the eastern part of R. N. Macedonia, under the slopes of the mountain Plachkovica is the city of Vinica. With exceptional natural wealth and predispositions, it has always been a place where many civilizations, traditions and cultures intertwined and complemented each other. The celebrating and respecting of the religious holidays, among which the holiday dedicated to St. Theodore is especially important, are part of the rich Vinica tradition. Theodore’s Saturday or Todorica is a holiday dedicated to the Holy Great Martyr Theodore. This Orthodox Christian holiday does not have a permanent date but is celebrated on the first Saturday of Easter 306 fasting, i.e. on the first Saturday after Procka (the Holiday of forgiveness). Although Theodore’s Saturday is a church holiday and this is indicated by many customs that are performed in the church, on this day there are also many customs performed that originate from much older times. In our region, in Vinica, this holiday is marked by two significant events. One of the events is connected with the church where on this day all newlywed brides (wedded from March of the previous year to this year’s) gather together with their mothers-in-law, the young daughters-in-law bow to their mothers-in-law and kiss their hands and their mothers-in-law give them presents. This custom has been practiced for years. The second event is related to the event “Theodore’s races” where people take part in sports games with a competitive and fun spirit, which were practiced by our ancestors hundreds of years ago. People from 7 to 77 years old take part in these races. This is also the most massive event held in Vinica. Proof that this saint was revered a long time ago in these parts of the country, is the “Terracotta icons” St. Theodore from the 5th – 6th century found at the archeological site Vinichko Kale.

„МАЛТА, ГРАДА ГОЛЯМА“ ИЛИ КОЙ Е ГРАДЪТ ОТ БЪЛГАРСКИТЕ НАРОДНИ ПЕСНИ С МОТИВ „ДЕВОЙКА СПАСЯВА МАЛТА“

Author(s): Snezhanka Gencheva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 20/2021

This article presents the application of mathematical analysis in reading folklore and argues for the significance of the method to study historical sources. This work also shows which is the city, described in the Bulgarian folk songs with a motif “A Virgin rescues Malta”.

Историята като мъдрост

Author(s): Pencho D. Penchev / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3/2022

СРБИ У ПОМОРИШЈУ: ИЗМЕЂУ СЕЛА И ГРАДА

Author(s): Biljana Sikimić / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 7/2021

Based on the fieldwork research of Serbs in Arad county (Romania) done in 2013–2015, the paper analyzes narratives about personal relocation to the city of Arad and elements of biographical stories given in the form of digressions in narratives covering the themes of traditional Serbian culture. Collected material comes from the settlements of Nadjfala/Satu Mare, Felnak/Felnac, Monoštor/Mănăştur Munara/Munar, Tornja/Turnu, town of Arad, as well as from published memories of the victims of communism. The time period covered in the narratives starts from the period of communism, through the Revolution of 1989, all the way to the modern, parallel world and double life in the villages and Arad at the same time. The narratives are divided into five thematic units that cover the current situation in the settlement, memories of the Felnac tamburitza orchestra, trips to Arad from a children’s perspective, fragments about everyday life in Arad and today’s situation of emotional division between the village and the city. The attached transcripts are verbatim and reflect the different degrees of preservation of the Serbian language (Šumadija-Vojvodina dialect) and the corresponding influence of the Romanian language in each individual participant.

Националноосвободителното движение на македонските и тракийските българи, 1878-1944 г. В четири тома. Македонски научен институт, Институт по история - БАН. София, Т. 1. 1994. 306 с.; Т. 2. 1995. 423 с.; Т. 3. 1997. 415 с. с илюстрации

Author(s): Zheko Popov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1-2/2000

Book Review

За ранната стопанска дейност на възрожденския предприемач Евстати Селвели и за неговото материално и финансово състояние през този период

Author(s): Veselin Goranchev / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2022

The publication is aimed at clarifying a hitherto unexplored topic, namely the early business activity of Evstati Selveli. By the term “early business activity” the author of the study means the period before the establishment of a joint partnership between Evstati Seleveli and hadji Mincho hadji Tsachev in 1841. The publication also provides information about the earliest, known at least for now, partners of Evstati Selveli – Evstati Andrea and Atanas hadji Nikolau (Nikolov). Information on these issues is derived from unknown and hitherto untranslated Greek-language documents. A certain exception are the cited in the study kondika of the Hellenic school in Tarnovo, read and translated by Vladimir Vladov and codes of the Holy Metropolis of Tarnovo, which are annotated and retold by Acad. Ivan Snegarov. So far, several authors have written about the origin and family environment of Atanas hadji Nikolau. The most complete, in this aspect, is the study of Elena Statelova which is dedicated to the history of the Panitsa family. Unfortunately, it is not known, at least to the author of the publication, if any of the researchers have found that this particular ancestor of the Panitsa family (his heirs adopted the surname Panitsa around 1879) was one of the earliest partners in the business of Evstati Selveli.

ИЗ BITHYNIA PONTICA – ИНТЕРПРЕТАЦИЯ И РЕИНТЕРПРЕТАЦИЯ (ТЕРЕННИ НАБЛЮДЕНИЯ ПРЕЗ 2013 Г. – ПЪРВА ЧАСТ)

Author(s): Kalin Porozhanov,Alexandar Portalsky,Valentin Kitanov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 26/2022

According to ancient authors, the ordering of the Thracian ethnicities from the Bosporus/Bosphorus to the east along the Anatolian Black Sea Coast is as follows: Bithynians, Thynians, Mariandinians, Tibarenes, Halybes, Mosynoikes and Paphlagones. Located on the map, they are identified in modern settlements and sites: Kefken, Eregli, Amasra, Sinop, Hissar, Akliman, Ikiztepe, Ordu, Trabzon. In and around them were observed interesting topographical locations associated with objects from the Thracian times.

СЦЕНАТА ОРФЕЙ УКРОТЯВА ДИВИТЕ ЖИВОТНИ II: ОРФЕЙ И КЕНТАВЪРЪТ ХИРОН

Author(s): Vanya Lozanova-Stancheva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 26/2022

A series of remarkable images on mosaics from sepulchral buildings or ritual halls, textile works of art within a Christian context, as well as pyxides, introduce strange and unusual mythological figures into the widespread theme of Orpheus taming wild animals. A special place in the pictorial composition is occupied by the figure of a centaur, who seems to have had complex functions indicating the space of the events. This paper aims to systematize the source base, to analyze “the narrative,” and to offer new details to the interpretation of the remarkable and enigmatic scene, which – in combination with the fragmented poetic evidence – allows the reconstruction of a possible mythological precedent for the journey of Orpheus to the World Beyond, where he attained the mystic theological knowledge and that allowed him to lay the foundations of the mysterial initiations. Those eschatological notions were projected in some early Christian or Christian gnostic communities in the period between the 2nd and the mid-6th century, as indicated by sacral and funerary monuments.

ПОСВЕЩЕНИЕ НА ИЗИДА И САРАПИС ПО ВРЕМЕ НА ЦАРУВАНЕТО НА РЕМЕТАЛК (IK Byzantion 324)

Author(s): Ruja Popova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 26/2022

This text is dedicated to an inscription with unknown provenance, stored for sometime in the Istanbul Museum, today in the National Museum of Warsaw, first published in1911. It is a dedication to the gods Isis and Sarapis at the time of the reign of Rhoemetalces(Ἴσιδι καὶ Σαράπιδι· βασιλεύοντος Ῥοιμετάλκου) from Artemidoros, son of Synistor – nauarch during the Great Ploiaphesia (IK Byzantion 324): To Isis and Sarapis, at the time of the reign ofRhoemetalces, when a merarch was Artemidoros, son of Philostratus, in the year 32 Artemidoros, son of Synistor, who was nauarch during the Great Ploiaphesia, consecrated this telamon. Sincethe first publication, the dating of the inscription is linked to the king Rhoemetalces I because of the year in the inscription (l. 6), associated by some of the researchers with the era of Actium, by others – with the reign of Rhoemetalces I, which is uncertainly dated. Despitethe explicitly stated unknown provenance, the epigraphic document remains attached to Byzantium. M. Tacheva is the only one who states doubt the connection of the inscription with the first Rhoemetalces, and she displaces it dates to 37–45 AD, i.e. to Rhoemetalces III. For a place of provenance expresses a preference to Perinthus or Mesembria. The inscription is extremely interesting with the two mentioned offices – merarch andnauarch. Both carry information about a Thracian control over Byzantium (?) or over the city where the stele (telamon) was erected. A decree from Cyzicus and information in Tacitus seem to provide an opportunity to revise and put the inscription in a different temporal context. Anyway, the dedication to the two Egyptian gods Isis and Sarapis on the occasion of the great feasts to the resumption of navigation celebrated on 5 March in one of the maritime centres around Propontis from the nauarch Artemidoros, most probably happens with the support of the Thracian king Rhoemetalces, whose name the dedicator explicitly mentions.

ПРОВАДИЙСКАТА ОМУРТАГОВА КОЛОНА – ОПИТ ЗА АНАЛИЗ

Author(s): Lyubomir Tsonev / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 26/2022

In 1930, a Khan Omurtag column was discovered in Provadia with a dedication inscription about a killed Bulgarian military leader. In 1943, historians noticed that a Thracian horseman's relief is also engraved on the column. The present report attempts to analyze this unique monument from a variety of perspectives and aims to initiate a fruitful discussion.

Die thrakischen Frauennamen aus Bulgarien. Nachträge und Berichtigungen

Author(s): Mirena Slavova / Language(s): German Issue: 5/1995

Представата за „другия“ на Балканите: образът на гърка в българската книжнина – XV – средата на ХIХ век

Author(s): Nadya Danova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 6/1993

The study follows up the evolution of the image of the Greek as reflected in Bulgarian manuscripts, books, correspondence and textbooks from the Ottoman conquest of the Balkans to the middle of the 19th century. This is an attempt to shed light on the conditions and mechanisms of the formation of one of the basic national stereotypes of the Bulgarian which played a role in their relations with the neighbours. Revealed are the stages in the building up of the image of the Greek, connected with the processes running in Bulgarian society of forming the nation and with the analogous processes in Greek society. Special attention is paid to the role of the formation of the Bulgarian national identity, an important element of which was the identification of the “other” on the basis of criteria different from the religious ones. Stress is laid on the effect of the collision of the national platforms of Bulgarians and Greeks on the evolution of the image of the Greek in which negative traits began to prevail in the second half of the 19th century. At the same time, much space is devoted to the authors who in their works drew the image of the Greeks and Greece fully in a positive light.

По въпроса за българското национално малцинство в Албания след края на Първата световна война

Author(s): Bobi Bobev / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 8/2014

Бележки за състоянието на селата в Голо Бърдо, Албания – история и актуално състояние

Author(s): Vesselka Toncheva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 8/2014

The article presents the Slavic language group (Bulgarian/Macedonian) inhabiting the region of Golloborda, Albania, focusing on the main parameters of the villages status in the past and today. The Gollobordians have been living as Albanian citizens for 100 years, but the information about the exact number and population of the Gollobordian villages included in the Albanian territory differs in the different sources. In this sense the text describes a villages past and present.

Българска сватба от Албания

Author(s): Raki Belo / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 8/2014

In this study we will try to deliver the most important moments of a Bulgarian wedding from Albania, one of the most interesting and most beautiful moments in people's lives. At the same time it is also one of the most complex and rich cultural rituals of everyday people. Wedding rituals of Bulgarians from the village Vrabnik includes two critical areas: betrothal and wedding. All moments of the wedding rituals in this Bulgarian village will present them in the stories of people and film and audio recordings that I have done for various moments associated with marriage.

Композицията на Светите Седмочисленици в паметниците от ХVІІІ- ХІХ век на територията на съвременна Албания

Author(s): Ralica Ruseva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 8/2014

This article deals with a representations of the Holy Heptarithmoi (the Seven Slavic Saints), as well as of St John Kukuzel, St John Vladimir and of New Martyr St Nicodemos of Vithkuq by icon-painters of the family of Constantine and Athanasios from Korçë and the family Chetiri (John, George, Nahum, Nicholas) at the churches of Holy Virgin(1744) in the Monastery of Ardenica, St Peter and St Paul (1764) in Vitquki, St George (1782) in Libosh, St Nicholas (1795) in Vanaj, the Annunciation (1806) in Kozare and on the iconostasis of the Church of the Assumption in Berat. Brought together, the works by these two families of icon-painters outline a particular geographical region (Muzakia) and a timeline scope, where images of the Holy Heptarithmoi have been heavily present. 106 The Printing house in Moschopolis was playing a great role of in reviving , popularising, enriching and widening of the cult of Slavic saints. This new stage in establishing the cult of Slavic saints was carried out not only in the field of the written word but also in the field of Church art. Alongside with publishing offices and saints Vita, the pictorial aspect of cult got a steady push ahead. According to the study, the activity of the Bishops of Berat also underlay this process. In the second half of eighteenth century, in the monuments of the territory of Albania a general iconographic scheme of the composition of the Holy Heptarithmoi was formed, which underwent some internal variations. The representation of the Holy Heptarithmoi has already found its permanent place in the „topography‟ of churches: on the western wall of the naos, next to the entrance, as protectors and patrons of the Church area. On the monuments under consideration the images of St John Vladimir and of St Nicodemos of Vithkuq also have a permanent place in the iconographic programme of the churches: on the north wall amidst the standing saints. The images under review fill in the gaps in the chronology and development of the iconography of Slavic Saints, enriching the overall picture we have for the Arts as well as for the general historical trends of the given period.This article deals with a representations of the Holy Heptarithmoi (the Seven Slavic Saints), as well as of St John Kukuzel, St John Vladimir and of New Martyr St Nicodemos of Vithkuq by icon-painters of the family of Constantine and Athanasios from Korçë and the family Chetiri (John, George, Nahum, Nicholas) at the churches of Holy Virgin(1744) in the Monastery of Ardenica, St Peter and St Paul (1764) in Vitquki, St George (1782) in Libosh, St Nicholas (1795) in Vanaj, the Annunciation (1806) in Kozare and on the iconostasis of the Church of the Assumption in Berat. Brought together, the works by these two families of icon-painters outline a particular geographical region (Muzakia) and a timeline scope, where images of the Holy Heptarithmoi have been heavily present. 106 The Printing house in Moschopolis was playing a great role of in reviving , popularising, enriching and widening of the cult of Slavic saints. This new stage in establishing the cult of Slavic saints was carried out not only in the field of the written word but also in the field of Church art. Alongside with publishing offices and saints Vita, the pictorial aspect of cult got a steady push ahead. According to the study, the activity of the Bishops of Berat also underlay this process. In the second half of eighteenth century, in the monuments of the territory of Albania a general iconographic scheme of the composition of the Holy Heptarithmoi was formed, which underwent some internal variations. The representation of the Holy Heptarithmoi has already found its permanent place in the „topography‟ of churches: on the western wall of the naos, next to the entrance, as protectors and patrons of the Church area. On the monuments under consideration the images of St John Vladimir and of St Nicodemos of Vithkuq also have a permanent place in the iconographic programme of the churches: on the north wall amidst the standing saints. The images under review fill in the gaps in the chronology and development of the iconography of Slavic Saints, enriching the overall picture we have for the Arts as well as for the general historical trends of the given period.