Училището на границата между две култури

Author(s): Valentina Todorova / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 2/2020

This academic article aims to present some of the educational practices which a school, founded in 2000, implements. The very first year of the new millennium calls for greater responsibility in creating a modern school with an up-to-date infrastructure as well as for a learning model ahead of its time. Teachers are well aware that they are working on the boundary between two cultures – paper versus digital, and thus organize their teaching methods in accordance with the profile of today's student

Училищна превенция на употребата на психоактивни вещества при ученици от V – VII клас

Author(s): Penka Kozhuharova / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 8/2019

The aim of the study is to explore the trends in the alcohol and drug abuse among students from 5-th to 7-th grade and, subsequently, to define problematic areas as well as the appropriate interventions for the implementation of a prevention school-based program in this setting. The program builds on an on-going three year prevention among teenagers. It is run by a team of teachers, experts and young volunteers. The structure and the aspects of the program are presented. In 2017, the study was conducted by using standardized questionnaires and an intervention in a group of 1,396 7-th grade students from 36 schools in the South-Eastern Region of Bulgaria. Their results have been compared with a control group of 7-th grade students. The selected indicators for the assessment of the tobacco and alcohol abuse were: frequency of use, age at first alcohol or tobacco use, use patterns, and sexual development. Furthermore, risk factors as well as protective factors associated with the peers groups and family environment have been studied. Pedagogical aspects in the implementation of the school-based program were addressed by the awareness and attitudes of students towards drug abuse, a dedicated curriculum, methods and forms of preventive action. In conclusion, the established program managed to: reduce the proportion of students who smoke occasionally; delay the first tobacco use; decrease the rates of tobacco use when meeting peers. Although there was no significant overall difference between the two groups in the frequency of alcohol use, the frequency of alcohol abuse at parties decreased significantly; a higher proportion of students in the intervention group claimed not having friends who have ever tried drugs.

Училищна среда и рискови поведения на учениците в България. Резултати от мултилевъл анализ

Author(s): Elitsa Dimitrova / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 1/2020

The article examines the impact of the school settings on the risk of smoking, drinking, cannabis use, bulling others and the early start of sex life among the teenagers in Bulgaria. Data from the Bulgarian sample of the international study “Health Behavior of School-aged Children – HBSC” (2018) is used. A multilevel analysis (random coefficient mode) is applied to study the variance in students’ risk behaviors, which is due to the school environment in which they study. The results from the analysis confirm that the unfavorable school environment (lack of tolerance, mutual assistance and support among students, lack of attention from teachers, higher stress from lessons and homework) are associated with more frequent manifestations of risk behaviors. In schools where there is greater tolerance for drinking, smoking, cannabis use and bullying individual differences (gender, age, etc.) among children are weakening. The children perceive risky patterns of behaviors as normal and start reproducing them in the process of communication with their classmates.

Учителите за продължаващата професионална квалификация на педагогическите кадри в България

Author(s): Iliana Petkova / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 2/2018

Adolescents can receive good training only from well-trained teachers. That is why the quality of their continuing qualification is one of the key issues not only in Bulgaria but also in Europe. The paper will present results of a national survey research related to the continuing training of pedagogical staff in Bulgaria, conducted in 2015 by a team of professors from the Faculty of Education of the oldest university in Bulgaria – “St. Kliment Ohridski” University of Sofia. The results represent the teachers‘ opinions about the current state of the system, but also their vision of it. The outlined weaknesses can show the ways for its improvement, and the positive sides to being the basis for upgrading and development.

Учредяване на комитет „Баболандия“

Author(s): Yoanna Dimitrova,Raya Encheva / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 1/2019

family; education; interaction

Уязвими групи лишени от свобода: Наръчник

Author(s): Alejandro Forero Cuéllar,María Celeste Tortosa,Klaus Dreckmann,Dimitar Markov,Maria Doichinova / Language(s): Bulgarian / Publication Year: 2015

In prison, certain groups of inmates are subject to disadvantages due to specifics of their origin, gender, sexual orientation, age, etc. These groups usually need special treatment, which is not always provided, which leads to unequal treatment and violation of their rights. This handbook examines the situation of such vulnerable groups within the prison systems of Belgium, Bulgaria, Germany, Lithuania and Spain. Starting from the classification of the UN Handbook on Prisoners with special needs and looking at the different national contexts, the authors identify different groups as vulnerable in different countries. In order to encompass as many groups as possible, their list was extended to include some particularly marginalised groups, such as sex offenders, prisoners with disabilities, etc. Each group is viewed in context, explaining the situations of vulnerability both generally and in the selected countries. From one side, the handbook presents the efforts for compensation of vulnerabilities in every country available in the legislation or provided by prison authorities or other actors. From the other side, it identifies the gaps in the measures and practices, which vary both from country to country and from group to group.

Уязвимите общности в България – съществуващ капацитет и перспективи за развитие

Author(s): Todor Todorov / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 1/2020

This paper aims at identifying the existing capacity among the inhabitants of three fragile communities in Bulgaria and to highlight the prospects for their socio-economic development. The results of a conducted under an Erasmus+ funded project survey and organised semi-structured interviews with members of the three fragile communities selected to participate in the project in the country, namely: the town of Knezha, the town of Roman and the village of Dolna Beshovitsa, are presented, discussed and analysed. The results of the study clearly show that, despite the fact that their environment has been deteriorating and has reached a situation characterised as“fragile”, the community members still possess the potential to responsibly and autonomously employ a set of preselected skills for reversing the negative trend and to succeed in contributing for the betterment of their communities.

Уязвимост при "срещата" със смъртта на другия

Социоаналитични измерения

Author(s): Ivilina Genova / Language(s): Bulgarian / Publication Year: 0

In relation to the researched case, namely “The successful self-heritage after the encounter with death of the Other”, in the article I will present some of the main specifics and results in my work in the project “I have no one to turn to!” – socioanalytic dimensions of the vulnerability and using the methodology, integrated in the project of socioanalytical protocol. The main leading thread of my researches appear to be different forms of vulnerability, who could be observed and analysed in agents, suffered a loss of close person. First my work is focused on conducting socioanalytic conversations with agents, who lost their close ones. Abide by the received data socioanalytic identifiers, clear forms of vulnerability, caused by situational suffering stand out. Data of alethic and deontic modality and those that are connected with the everyday psychopathologies, which finds the agents (loneliness, sorrow, desolation, loss of sense and desire to live and others). In the second place my research has an experimental character, directed to examine, collect, cultivate and analyse data from the virtual space (Facebook), who has direct connection to the public denounce of suffering, cause by the lost of loved person. More specifically my work was directed to the profile of a suffering woman, who lost her mother. In the period of two years the woman herself made more than 80 publications, connected to the suffering, that she experiences after the loss of the loved one. That gave me ground to try to put the data in socioanalytic protocol, which has a task to show it, systemize and analyse it.

Уязвимост при хомосексуалния друг

Социаналитични измерения

Author(s): Radoslav Dayarski / Language(s): Bulgarian / Publication Year: 0

In my article I will present the main results of my own work on the case “Homosexual Other”, which is a part of the project “I have no one to turn to!” – socioanalytical dimensions of vulnerability”, financed from NFNI and my work with the methodology, integrated in the project of socioanalytical protocol. As I am going from the problem of social vulnerability and self-heritage in the relations of the homosexual with his family and the closest ones, I will move to the problem of to project the living of free expressed homosexual identity. I will try to prove, that other than speech games between the body and the discourse, showed from the participants in the past conversations common use of indexal and deindexal phrases, different modalities appear, which could turn out to be socioanalytical data. After sharing the social experience with the participants, it seems that they share the lack of someone that can hear, understand and admit the suffering in different moments of their life. Consequently this helped to identify the analyzed as “vulnerable” and to put the problem for the possible self-heritage of the homosexual once again. Through analyzing fragments of the accumulated data in the past socioanalytical conversations, I will try to express the registered identifiers, who indicate to the problem of 1) reproducing the affectations and disorders of mood via “stress events”; 2) their return to the moment of sharing, 3) (in)possibilities of the homosexual to inherit his sexuality.

Факт и фикция в изграждането на медийните герои

Author(s): Bistra Velichkova / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 2/2017

The language is an indispensable part and instrument in the work of the media. Through it they recreate and tell facts of reality. In the process of the narrative, the use of language, either intentionally or unintentionally, often uses elements of fiction, making up the story, refining the facts in order to make the media story more engaging. The participants in the story often turn into media heroes. In this article, I investigate how the language that is used in the media in order to tell the facts turn them into fiction and thus creates media heroes. As a theoretical framework, I address the theories of fiction and language of Jeremy Bentham, Jean-Paul Sartre and Michel de Certeau. I choose them because of their common views on the language and its ability to change the reality in the narrative process, and thus to create a second, fictional reality. In the article, I examine examples of real-life individuals who, after their presentation in the media, turn into media heroes. These are representatives of the criminal world and the mafia in Bulgaria after 1990.

Фактори на удовлетвореността на началните учители от професионалната дейност

Author(s): Veselina Ivanova,Eleonora Mileva / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 5/2020

The aim of the research is to examine primary teachers’ satisfaction with their professional activity. Subject of study are 232 primary school teachers who teach different school subjects from the 1st to the 4th grade. A modified questionnaire, with 22 items related to the satisfaction with the teaching profession, is applied. The following statistical methods are used: alternative analysis, variance analysis, non-parametric Mann-Whitney U and Kruskal-Wallis H tests and correlation analysis. The results show that the items with highest values for the primary teachers’ satisfaction are: the duration of holidays, the professional relations with colleagues, the professional relations with the school management, and with parents. The statistical analysis outlines some significant correlations between different factors of the teachers’ satisfaction. The results from the research reveal the main preconditions for improvement of the work conditions and of the social environment of the primary school teachers in the country

Факторите, които влияят на ангажираността на служителите

Author(s): Albena Vasileva / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 2/2017

The article presents some of the factors that affect employee engagement in terms of different models and practices for measuring and enhancing engagement. The presented models were developed by famous consulting companies like Gallup Organization and Aon Hewitt, by Wilmar Schaufeli and Patrick Lenchioni as well as analyses of recommendations given at Forbes articles in this sphere.

ФАКТОРЫ РАЗВИТИЯ ПОМЕЩИЧЬЕГО ХОЗЯЙСТВА ЛАИШЕВСКОГО УЕЗДА КАЗАНСКОЙ ГУБЕРНИИ В ПОРЕФОРМЕННЫЙ ПЕРИОД

Author(s): Yelena Valerevna Mironova / Language(s): Russian / Issue: 3/2014

Using unpublished materials, we consider manor farms in the Laishevsky uyezd in the second half of the 19th and the early 20th century. By analyzing factors and patterns of development of manors of the nobility, we come to a conclusion that manors in this uyezd were in favorable geographical and socio-economic conditions. However, due to a number reasons such as loan debts, lack of agronomic knowledge among owners and stewards, landowners’ engagement in state service, the reduction of manor land ownership look place.

Фантазиите на Възраждането – генеалогиите

Author(s): Georgi Valchev / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 1/2019

Addressing the vicissitudes and times of triumph and failure in the life of Alexander Exarch (Alexander Boev – Beyoglu), a Bulgarian prominent public figure, the paper discusses the invention, construction and deconstruction of personal biographies in the period of the rise of Bulgarian nationalism in the Ottoman Empire. The latter, historically defined as а period of National Revival, mobilized the ambitions and efforts of Bulgarian revolutionary émigrés to turn into recognizable political subjects and reliable representatives of the national community. The case of Alexander Exarch is especially emblematic in this regard as far as he constructed his identity of a promising diplomate and politician on associations and suggestions for presumable aristocratic origin, coming from the byname “exarch”, added to the names of his family members. This byname perfectly assisted in procuring advocates for the Bulgarian cause in the European courts and circles, but at the same time, it attracted opponents among the émigrés, who blamed Alexander Exarch for taking advantage of “a fake noble exarchal genealogy”.The paper clearly shows how the invented biographies worked as an instrument for response and adaptation to dynamic historical contexts of profound and social transformation as well as how they confronted innovative personal strategies, traditional attitudes and local and translocal political projects.

ФАНТАСТИЧЕСКОЕ И РЕАЛЬНОЕ В РОМАНЕ О.А. СЛАВНИКОВОЙ «ЛЁГКАЯ ГОЛОВА»

Author(s): Galina Aleksandrovna Frolova / Language(s): Russian / Issue: 1/2016

This paper, on the basis of the novel “Light Head” by O.A. Slavnikova, considers the relation between classical and modern antiutopias. The basic principles of correlation between the fantastic and the real are explored. The forms and functions of the fantastic in the artistic structure of the analyzed literary work are identified. The paper analyzes from the above-stated perspective the problematics of antiutopia (freedom and captivity, confrontation between the individual and state), as well as the specifics of plot organization and conflict development, principles for disclosure of the disposition of characters (in the description of authorities, the fantastic element helps to identify their mechanicalness and impersonality; in the description of the main character, it shows that they stand out from the crowd). Furthermore, the role of computer game chronotope and related motifs (game, illusiveness, and simulation) are revealed. It is proved that the relation between the fantastic and the real in the novel under consideration contributes to actualization of the antiutopian discourse, grotesque sharpening of the real diseases of the society (displacement of the reality by simulation, absurdization of the reality, manipulations with the consciousness of the whole society and separate individual).

ФАНТАСТОВЕДЕНИЕ И ТЕОРИЯ ЖАНРОВ

Author(s): Artem Aleksandrovich Zubov / Language(s): Russian / Issue: 1/2016

Science fiction studies is a relatively young branch of the humanities that has emerged in the middle of the 20th century. Currently, science fiction studies is a vast network of interdisciplinary research that concentrates on functionality and poetics of fantastic (or, as John Clute has promoted since 2007, ‘fantastika’) literature, cinema, video games, comics etc. Search for genre identity is one of the main concerns of the genre theory in both academic methodology and science fiction studies. Scholars commonly single out three main approaches in the genre theory: essentialism, structuralism, and pragmatism. None of the approaches is universal, i.e., they are all characterized by both benefits and certain limits. While the former two approaches are influential and established analytical paradigms, the latter one is a recent analytical invention. Pragmatism of the genre theory is interdisciplinary per se – its methodology is based on social sciences, sociology of literature, cultural studies, and discourse studies. Pragmatism derives from a number of branches of the humanities in order to solve fundamental problems of the literary theory, particularly the problem of genre genesis. This paper is an attempt to delineate contours of the genre theory in science fiction studies from essentialism to pragmatism.

Фармакопорнографската ера

Author(s): Beatriz Presiado / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 21/2019

The following excerpt from Paul B. Preciado’s book “Testo Junkie: Sex; Drugs; and Biopolitics in the Pharmacopornographic Era” (2013) introduces the concept of pharmacopornography. The term is used to address the processes of a biomolecular (pharmaco) and semiotic-technical (pornographic) government of sexual subjectivity of which; according to the theoretician; “the pill” and Playboy are two paradigmatic offshoots. Drawing on the works of M. Foucault; A. Negri; D. Harraway; G. Agamben; M. McLuhan; etc.; Preciado attempts to map out the cartography of transformations in industrial production during the 20th century; using as an axis the political and technical management of the body; sex; and identity. Preciado states that the real stake of capitalism today is the pharmacopornographic control of subjectivity and argues that changes in capitalism that we are witnessing are characterized not only by the transformation of “gender;” “sex;” “sexuality;” “sexual identity;” and “pleasure” into objects of the political management of living but also by the fact that this management itself is carried out through the new dynamics of advanced technocapitalism; global media; and biotechnologies.

Фармацевтични грижи при хора с разстройства от тревожно-депресивния спектър – пилотно проучване

Author(s): Antoniya Kondova,Anna Todorova,Desislava Vankova / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 2/2019

Background: Pharmaceutical care is an essential part of the total care for people with mental health problems. Globally, anxiety and depression are major causes of mental health-related burden of diseases. These disorders are often “hidden” because of comorbidity. Late consultation with a psychiatrist, delayed treatment, improper therapeutic plan, and poor compliance to the prescribed treatment can lead to disease progression and disability. Treatment with antidepressants is a standard approach to depressive and anxiety patients, but effective treatment needs to be strict. Poor compliance to treatment is related to side effects, poor patient awareness, polypragmasia, lack of communication with healthcare professionals. The aim of the article is to present a pilot study, which investigates the role of the pharmacist in: 1) the screening of people related to anxiety and depressive symptoms and 2) the improvement of the compliance of the patients with depression and anxiety to a prescribed treatment. Material and methods: Standardized questionnaires: The Patient Health Questionnaire PHQ-2 и PHQ-9, Moricki test, self-completed questionnaire. The preliminary results proved that the pharmacists are a valuable resource and, as the most accessible healthcare professionals, can differentiate people at risk for depression and anxiety who seek counseling for particular symptoms at the pharmacy and can be referred to a physician. Further, poor compliance to therapy can be overcome by effective physician-patient-pharmacist communication.

Фашизъм – националсоциализъм

Author(s): Voin Bojinov / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 1/2019

After the end of the World War One the old political habits were put under a serious test. The tough consequences of the conflict led to new ideologies that offered quick and easy recipes for coming out of the aftermath of the after military crisis. The Italian fascism, for example, promoted the vision of a strong state, guided by the Fascist Party and its leader. The leader, his party embodied the state. They were its image and content. These understandings were “further developed” by the German National Socialism, which added to them the racial hatred and the idea of the superiority of the Aryan. Everybody knows what the final of these political experiments was.

Феминизация на учителската професия в България

Author(s): Petrana Stoykova / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 6/2018

Alongside with the massovisation of the Bulgarian education there is also a process of feminization of the teaching profession. According to Eurostat data from 2017, the demographic profile of the contemporary Bulgarian teacher is as follows: with bachelor or master degree (93% of the teaching staff); female (84% of all teachers in the country); over 50 years old (48% of the Bulgarian teachers). This article investigates different reasons for the feminisation of the teaching profession in Bulgaria and the consequences of turning this profession into a predominantly female one. The analysis is based on the results of 30 in-depth interviews with former and current Bulgarian teachers conducted by the author in March 2018.