We kindly inform you that, as long as the subject affiliation of our 300.000+ articles is in progress, you might get unsufficient or no results on your third level or second level search. In this case, please broaden your search criteria.
Harari, Y. N. (2016). Homo Deus. A Brief History of Tomorrow. Harvill Secker. ISBN-10: 1910701874
More...
Political correctness is blamed by its opponents for the failed model of multiculturalism, the influx of migrants, and the threat of terrorist acts. The author refers to the contemporary achievements in semiotics, hermeneutics and philosophical anthropology. His criticism is directed at: 1) the paradoxes of postmodern philosophical attempts to justify the idea of political correctness; 2) the way new terminology is introduced, leading at a linguistic level to exclusion, not inclusion, of disadvantaged people: E. Benveniste asserts that the third person is rather a non-person. The article concludes that politically correct language should be grounded on a basis that takes into account the three persons of the conjugation of verbs. Similar philosophical and ethical ideas can be found in the works of J. Kristeva, T. Todorov, P. Ricoeur. This is one of the possible ways to overcome the exclusion of disadvantaged people who are named using terms, but are not in a way that designates them as participants in social and political dialogue.
More...
The main research intention of this monographic study is more comprehensive understanding of post- modernist discourse and refutation of the most common conceptual misconceptions and critical stereotypes associated with it. The first part deals with general epistemological and methodological assumptions associated with postmodernism, second part trying to define the basic principles of modernity and modernism, while the third part deals with the basic principles of post- modernity and postmodernism. Today, for a significant number of “theoreticians and practitioners”, of this or that academic orientation and rank, there is nothing that would attract so strong, persistent and blatant intolerance as is the case with the ideas of postmodernism. The intention of this monographic study, therefore, is to identify the focal positions of postmodern discourse and, in that process, to demystify or amortize all those superficial, ignorant and malicious interpretations that are associated with definition of postmodernism. This can, by changing perspective and by expanding intellectual horizons, contribute to a clearer siting of external and internal Serbian power construct, in which the Serbian state is „caught“ and by which Serbian state „hunts“, and complete understanding of the fragmentation of Serbian society and identity issues.
More...
The article deals with the meaning of Kant’s metaphor of free play of faculties in aesthetic judgment, discussed in the perspective of Schiller’s contrasting of work (labour) and play, which gave rise to a peculiar fictional, but conciliatory, status for the aesthetic. The article then traces some articulations between the realms of alienated labour and of free creativity in Hegel and Marx, and concludes with notes on the lasting social significance of this contrastive aesthetic metaphor.
More...
Policy of the modern Turkish state in the last decade, inner, and even more foreign, in the international arena, is inspired and defined with principles and parameters which can be called neoosmanism. That ideological orientation and political practice has its start point in the principles and practice of Ottoman Empire political activities, which leading turkish politicians, summoned arround Justice and development Party, lead by current Turkish prime minister Rejep Tayip Erdogan, today strive not only to rehabilitate, but also to implemetn the postulates of its rule and values that are imanent to Islam. In an international arena, where one of the directions and goals of their activities is also Balkans, meaning also Serbian people and their countries (Serbia, BiH and others), neootman Turkish policy acquires reputation and sense with the doctrine, which its author, Turkish minister of the foreign affairs Ahmet Davutoglou, called strategic depth. So, Serbs are facing a challenge of confronting neootmanism as a policy which will result in new geopolitical redesign of Balkan, Asia Minor, Middle Eastern, Middle Asian, and Caucasian congigurations of power and influence, thus it is important what historical reply to this challenge will they provide. The author pleds that a reply and attitude of Serb people and its countries towards neootmanism should base on principles and values of real-politics.
More...
Origins of theoretical elaboration of the nature of social conflicts derive from the Antic age and philosophical attitudes of Heraclites, Plato and Aristoteles. Further development of the thought on conflicts is connected with theological, natural-legal, geopolitical and Malthusian interpretations of social conflicts. However, only with development of sociology and psychology as separate branches of sciences there were developed significant scientific-methodological and theoretical directions and research schools on conflicts. Depending on different factors, in most general sense these approaches are divided into psychological and sociological ones. This division is made on the basis of consideration of the causes of conflicts – whether the causes are in the character of a human being or his/her social structures and institutions, or in other words, whether the conflicts are analyzed on the basis of the perspective of an individual or on the basis of their collective behavior (groups, institutions, communities, cultural systems and similar.) Social conflicts are “large and massive social actions or consciously directed, dynamic and practical mutual confrontations and battles of collective social subjects over significant and by their nature limited resources.” Essence of conflicts as “the states of social interactions and open antagonisms with confrontation and battle as basic directions” are internal-group and inter-group battles with the objective of accomplishment of mutually conflicting interests, values and limited but still important resources. This battle can be “the war without rules, to greater or lesser extent almost always limited by wide social, legal, moral, religious, technical or other norms and rules.” Rebellion can be defined as an organized armed-political battle of which objective may be taking over the governance by a violent upheaval and the change of existing government (governance), while in other case the objectives may be more limited. For example, the efforts of rebels to distance (separate) themselves from the control of the government and to establish an autonomous state within traditional ethic and religious borders. The rebellion’s objective can be taking over limited political concessions which cannot be achieved by implementation of less violent means. Terrorism is an organized implementation of violence or a threat by violence by politically motivated executors who are resolved to impose their will to the government bodies and citizens by causing fear, anxiety, defeatism and panics. Guerilla implies a higher level of violence in comparison with terrorism. Not every guerilla war aims at a social revolution. Guerilla’s objectives can be separation, the change of one political structure, counter-revolution, etc. Guerilla can be defined as a form of combat-organized political activity of small armed and very mobile illegal groups who aspire to represent the interest of the people and who, finding support in the people, collectively use the armed force as direct violence against the government. Civil war is an armed battle between political, national and other antagonistic social groups in one state for purpose of accomplishment of political and economic interests. Significant causes for it can be also accumulation of unsolved social, economic, political and other relations among the peoples. In case of internal conflicts it is very important to timely find out whether it is the word about civil war or some other sort of internal armed conflict. There are many cases in history that internal unrests, uprisings and civil wars, including even military coups and the state coups, were supported from abroad for purpose of accomplishment of interests of great powers or creation of appropriate environment for foreign military intervention – aggression. Most concrete example of encouraging of internal conflicts by some great powers was creation of turbulent state of affairs in Kosovo and Metohija as a vanguard for aggression of the NATO-pact on Federal Republic of Yugoslavia in 1999.
More...
Modern age, and that is industrial society, that had been founded on human freedoms and rights, multiparty parliamentarian democracy and market contestability, has brought about fundamental changes in the nature, character, content and way of human work, therefore presenting a whole line of challenges to the ethics and philosophy of human work. A new way of production has not only influenced the human work as a process of creation of material and spiritual achievements, but also has changed a whole way of life, human interrelations and the system of social and moral values. Human daily lives have gained not only a new content, but also a new structure. This has brought about a clear and visible division between working and non-working parts of day. From the area of a dominantly agricultural production with the nature being both the working and life environment, the human work has been moved to a closed space of industrial machinery therefore establishing a technical division of work and the work has become increasingly specialized or partitioned. It is especially important to underline that it has led to emergence of an extremely great dynamics of the changes in the field of human work as well. Therefore it is possible to declare that it is precisely the dynamics of the changes that has actualized the old issues and created a whole line of new issues in the philosophy and ethics of human work.
More...
Приказ/Review: Зоран Арсовић, Оно што након Хага остаје, Арт принт, Бања Лука, 2010.
More...
This paper shows the origin of the idea of a social contract in Greek ancient philosophy. The Greeks first discovered this idea in their mythological and cosmological notions. Sophists developed it on the basis of natural law. During its evolution in Greek ancient philosophy the social contract was differently understood: sometimes in a unity with natural law, sometimes in opposition to it. Socrates pointed out the abstract nature of the social contract, while Plato and Aristotle tried to solve the contradictions set by the sophists. The origins of these ideas are very important, because modern and contemporary theories of social contract which use both different customary language and are based on different rationalization of the notion of nature are in part developed on a logic similar to that which can be found in Greek ancient philosophy.
More...
In this study are considered: Philosophy – included in the values of the organization and management culture; philosophy as a factor and a model in public management and the practical activities; philosophy and pragmatic orientation of management actions.
More...
Liberal West and its philosophy security face a number of challenges. On the one hand, these are internal problems of the West, on the other hand, are different in cultural and civilizational modes.
More...
Filozofia w obronie człowieka. Idea człowieczeństwa w nowożytnym humanizmie
The author takes up the question of the place of the idea of humanity in the crisis of modern humanism. This issue is contemplated in the context of defending by the philosophy of the idea of humanity against the threats posed by modernism as a „posthuman” culture. The condition of defence is the understanding and interpretation of contemporary social and cultural discourse and the overcoming the false philosophical-anthropological proposals of modernist humanism. The new humanistic program, referring to the „intuition of limits”, would be define the horizon of „universal meanings”. The idea of the humanity should turn from the metaphysical into a permanent reflective and fundamentally discursive.
More...
The paper attempts to analyze the historical, philosophical and methodological aspects of the philosophical and legal views of Hans Kelsen as interpreted from the point of view of the ‘classical’ theories of natural law, obligations and justice. The author outlines the main concepts and categories of normativity in the context of the principle of relativism and discusses some features and applications of the principle of relativism in the cognition of legal reality, and reconsideration of causality in the legal field. Attached is a translation of Kelsen’s important article “Causality and Imputation” (1950).
More...
This article attempts to radically reconsider Marx's philosophy as a philosophy of complete material and spiritual social activity of human being (Praxis). Unlike all previous interpretations focusing on the materialistic interpretation, the author emphasizes the effectiveness of the Praxis: at different stages of historical development as the most efficient motive powers appear either material (nature, technics) factors of human activity, or ideal (technology, the organization, a science, the information), or their synthesis. Therefore in K. Marx's philosophy takes place the efficacious-praxeological interpretation of history, in which the author reveals social-production, anthropological and existential levels of historicity.
More...
The author is an expert in the problems of criminal rehabilitation. In the paper are considered some philosophical, psychological, ethical and legal dimensions of the integration of former criminals.
More...
The article analyses the peculiarities and the main provisions of the philosophical reflection of the subject of power in traditional societies. The author examines the basic views on the power of philosophers of antiquity (Plato, Aristotle), of the middle ages (Augustine, F. Aquinas), Renaissance (N. Machiavelli).
More...
The article is devoted to research of value orientations of civil society in different directions of non classical philosophy. General philosophical theories of interpretation of civil society, continuing strategy of the classics in interpretation of social space on the whole, and civil society in particular, create their liberal and positivism versions.
More...
The interest in the genealogy and in the history of power shared by Foucault and Nietzsche raises the question about the status and the meaning of lying in Foucault’s work. This article is an effort to reconstruct his attitude to this topic, which appears in many places of the discussion but everywhere overshadowed by other problems, especially by those of the truth. It’s the turn in Foucault’s understanding of the truth what motivates me to split the text in two parts. In the first I trace out the stage of his studies devoted to the transgression by which the Self could achieve certainty in itself. But the main accent stresses the discovering of Nietzsche, made by Foucault, against the background of his own conception of knowledge management. No doubt that the following syntheses between power and knowledge leads to temptations to recognize the uses of lying as a justified tool, what Foucault finds out by himself in some praxis of psychotherapy, but also denounces as delusive and counterproductive. The second part deals with the changes in Foucault’s genealogy, occurring with the reevaluation of the governmentality as a different kind of power exercises and uses of truth. Here I reconstruct the appearance of a series of new concepts, constructed and experimentally implemented by Foucault, which helps to discover the main moments of the so called “subjectification” as a peculiar reshaping of the borders between true and untrue. The culmination of this part is devoted to the practices, in which the authenticity presupposes (increasingly) personal disclosure and fearlessness and, on this ground, the use of half-lies and half-truths seems permissible because in the end it doesn’t mix truth with lie.
More...
This article explores the articulation between two of the main projects that characterise Michel Foucault’s work in the 1970s and the 1980s: the project of a history of truth and the project of a genealogy of the modern subject. After addressing the meaning and ethico-political value of Foucault’s history of truth, focusing above all on the shape it takes in 1980 (namely, a genealogy of a series of “regimes of truth” in Western societies), it offers an analysis of the related project of a genealogy of the modern (Western) subject, and more precisely of Foucault’s account of the processes of subjection (assujettissement) and subjectivation (subjectivation) within the Christian and the modern Western regimes of truth. It eventually argues that the essential political and moral issue that Foucault raises is not whether the subject is autonomous or not, but rather whether he or she is willing to become a subject of critique by opposing the governmental mechanisms of power which try to govern him or her within our contemporary regime of truth and striving to invent new ways of living and being.
More...
In this article the author analyses various theoretical conceptions of biopolitics in Michel Foucault and Giorgio Agamben through the issue of their relation towards Modernity. In confronting divergent standpoints, the author especially focuses on particularities of Foucault’s position, arguing that Foucault’s homo politicus appears as an still uninvestigated possibility of synthesis of politics, ethics and philosophy. In that context, the ways in which Foucault and Agamben relate towards Modernity are presented as decisive for interpretation and understanding of biopolitics and new possibilities of the political. The author concludes in arguing that genealogy of contemporary phenomena of biopolitics, as a continuation of Foucault’s approach in the present, opens up with itself the theoretical possibility for new political subjectivity.
More...