Claude Mangion, On Quentin Meillassoux and the Problem of Evil
The review of: Claude Mangion, On Quentin Meillassoux and the Problem of Evil; Open Theology, 6(1), 118-131, 2020
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The review of: Claude Mangion, On Quentin Meillassoux and the Problem of Evil; Open Theology, 6(1), 118-131, 2020
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The aim of this paper is to examine whether the Sermon on the Mount (Mt 5 – 7), described as „the constitution of the Kingdom of God”, can also inspire an ecological spirituality. The focus will be particularly on the passage on the accumulation of wealth and excessive care (Mt 6,19 – 34). Modern man’s relationship with the world has always been marked, on the one hand, by an immoderate thirst for possessions and, on the other, by an excessive concern for the future. A change in attitude can come about as a result of a renewed look which sees nature not only as raw material and something to be used, but also sees its intrinsic value and beauty. It is precisely such a deepened view that opens man to the Creator, whom Jesus presents as Father in heaven. The relationship to God will constitute a key element of Christian ecological spirituality, distinguishing it from other types of spirituality.
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The present paper is set to investigate the nowadays trend of the technological (holographic) resurrection of celebrities in entertainment industry. The main components of the paper are the inventory of signals in this direction and the ethical considerations. Moreover, we present four futures images, four alternate scenarios of the possible future development and implications of resurrecting celebrities for entertaining purposes. Starting from the nowadays “weak signals” we envisage, our scenarios investigate the extent the phenomenon might take in the nearest two decades. Several questions arise by doing so: What might be the consumers’ perspective on commercially using holograms of deceased celebrities? Is it ethical to commercially use the image of a dead artist and to bring it on the market? Does the possibly indefinite reuse of holograms alter the chances of having new faces in the field? Are we facing a possible gender-based bias? Are women-celebrities more prone to be “brought back”? We are trying to give account on the challenges and conditions in which this new phenomenon is taking place. The examples we selected to illustrate the scope of the paper are both tackling eastern and western perspectives.
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The article treats of the family in St. Augustine’s "Sermons to the People", from the perspective of his teaching on ‘the order of love’ (ordo amoris). Different forms of human love find their justification in relation to God as Supreme Good. In this perspective, the love of family, lest it be lost in a deceptive or false “love of neighbour,” has need of God as its ultimate horizon.
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The expression „civilisation of love” was first used by Paul VI on 17 May 1970, during the prayer of Regina Caeli, on the Solemnity of Pentecost. This expression became a mobilising slogan for Christians for the rest of the pontificate of Paul VI and John Paul II. Civilisation of love is based mainly on faith, grace and "agape" love. The paths to a civilisation of loveare work for justice, forgiveness and reconciliation.
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The following article is an attempt to analyse situations and its factors that allow taking another human being’s life, mainly based on teaching of the magisterium of the Catholic Church, especially some of the selected documents like John Paul II’s encyclical „Evangelium vitae”, as well as "Catechism of the Catholic Church". The paper consists of two parts. The first part touches the death penalty matter, whereas the next part is an analysis of a situation,where defence is a necessity. Despite socio-cultural changes in the modern world, the issue is still relevant and evokes discussions and a lot of emotions when being mentioned. Although not all of the previously spoken matters have been fully discussed, the aim was to draw attention to the necessity of propagation of the basic value, that is a human life since its conception until natural death. It is also important to try to answer the question where is the line when taking another person’s life, emphasizing the teaching of Jesus Christ himself and based on the teaching of the Church.
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This article is an attempt to respond in media emerging issues related to the threat of war. The lack of anaudible voice of the Church teaching through the documents of the SecondVatican Council and the teaching of the Holy Father Paul VI and John Paul II in the Messages for World Peace Day create a situation of media chaos and the inaccessibility of knowing thecauses of the emerging worldwars and their consequences. The listed and signaled premises in the form of political conflicts, national egoism tightened to one’s own interests, dictatorship, structural war of the state or the arms race and other presented sources of evil give rise to the war. The causes of violence always arise in the human heart. This situation exists from the biblical times of Cain wishing to reign and overcome. Therefore, every war is the result of the consequences of sin and the loss of God’s image in the heart of man. The church sensitive to spiritual matters would like to remind of the rebirth in the education of young generations of love, sensitivity to justice, goodness and shaping the hearts of people. If there is no order in the heart of man, then there will never be order in the consciences of nations. The people not only die during the war, but during it is deprived of honor and dignity, demoralized, lied and robbed. The church opposes all struggle against life because it is an offense to human dignity. It is noticeable that the war is still ongoing in the modern world in the form of nuclear deterrence, economic robbery of poorer countries and a lack of help for weaker countries. Freshtraces of the devastating effects of the war remained in Sarajewo, Bosnia and Herzegovina, the Middle East and the African continent. Church teaching instructs state leaders to respectevery human dignity, build world peace, and disarm human hearts from hatred and violence. This can be done by bringing young people to peace, shaping the moral order in the hearts of young people, as well as by living in respect and forgiving other people.
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Based on literature and the author’s own research, this article analyses what is expected of judges who carry out judicial functions in the Polish judicial system. It is a topical andsocially significant issue. To show the required personal qualities of a judge, this article presents issues that make it possible to take optimal judicial decisions. Such qualities include the knowledge of the law, experience and the wisdom of a judge. There is also the love of law and order, as well as judicial autonomy and independence. These conditions guarantee freedom of choice in the pursuit of justice. The author’s main conclusion is that legal regulations and institutional conditions of work are indispensable, but there is no substitute for personal qualities of a judge, that is their conscience and commitment to a fair trial to which every person has a right.
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Over the centuries the Church has co-existed with numerous forms of organisation of economic and social life. The Church has made the assessment of each of the systems in accordance with the moral and ethical rules. In this way it performed its prophetic function in the modern world, within the range of which it assumes its responsibility for critical look at the existing and proposed models of social life. Such criticism cannot be treated as interference of the Church into social matters. Pointing at mistakes occurring in a given system of social life aims at putting stronger emphasis on the principal rules which the social life should be based on. Certainly, there will always be some deficiencies and mistakes in particular social systems, which is connected with the fact that the systems and structures are created by a human affected by inner conflicts and, as a result, able to commit a sin. Thus, in view of the above, the prophetic role of the Church will always be necessary.
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The present study aims to provide an analysis of values and attitudes in a sample of post-graduate students and to provide an assessment of the impact and satisfaction that they had been reported in specific educational activities for solidarity. This study is framed by the project of educational innovation "A cross sectional study in education for solidarity in the training of psychologists and educators" (PIE 10-127; 2010-2012). Participants were 226 post-graduate students belonging to various specialities of the MSc in Teaching of Secondary Education and High School, Vocational Training, and Teaching Languages, aged between 22 and 49 years. The data obtained demonstrate that the majority of the interviewes strongly agree with aspects of the situation that can be considered stealing, a violent action or the avoidance of conflict. Most students graduate participants do not collaborate with NGOs; who mention the lack of time, the issue not being raised as well as not being involved in any solidarity activity noting as reasons: lack of information, idleness, not having the opportunity presented and not having the funds to do so. In addition, students have found these educational activities for solidarity very satisfactory, for example, the "discussions, work and reflection on the importance of volunteerism and solidarity in the present world" and “design of a solidarity act”.
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The article addresses selected elements of the classical conception of happiness in the work of Robert Spaemann. It presents his understanding of a happy life (its ambiguous yet objective dimension and a close connection with reality) and his interpretation of crucial visions of such a life presented by Plato, Aristotle, as well as the representatives of the Stoicism and Hedonism. The latter two are critically appraised by the eminent philosopher, since he claims they are contradictory and removed from reality. Spaemann also shows his polemical attitude towards Kant’s conception of happiness, but he does not elaborate on the subject of security. Therefore, the article seeks to demonstrate to what degree and in what sense these issues can viewed from the perspective of theories of happiness. Also, the question of theobjective dimension of happiness is elucidated since Spaemann articulated that barely implicitly. In the conclusion, specific areas of further research on the subject of happiness in the works of this philosopher were indicated.
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The publication doesn’t stay only at the level of description of existing and easily noticeable modern educational dilemmas and complaining that the state of things is bad, but it shows the possibility of getting out of this situation. Assuming thatmoral activity expresses the essence of humanity and development, as well as moral education of a person, needs authentic examples, models and leaders, the purpose ofthe article is presenting the essence of moral education and the concept of role model as well as showing its meaning in this context. All analysis and researches are summed by multiple observations and conclusions which results with statement that moral education is an essential part of integrate education of human and that is why it is not proper to depreciate it. It supportsthe mature growth of human personality as long as it is based on „adequate anthropology” and on accepted, internalized and fulfilled hierarchy of moral values and norms of behavior that are connected with them. It considers all the levels of the human personality (cognitive, emotional-volitional, behavioral). Moral values, whose fulfilling becomes the purpose of moral education, can b compared to life signposts, guiding human aspirations. The role of the tutor is not only to be a model, but also to help the pupils to absorb certain knowledge and to form moral skills which express in making right choices ant taking responsibility for own actions.
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Right to life is a fundamental right which stems from human dignity. The article presents legal situation of an embryo on pre-implantation phase in the Polish public order. The article highlights the constitutional values protecting human life (paragraph 30 and 38 of the Constitution of the Republic of Poland). Life in prenatal phase is a constitutional value in Polishjurisprudence (Adjudication of Polish Constitutional Court on 28th May 1997). The act of law passed on 25th June 2015 does not protect in sufficient way the embryo which comes into being during an in-vitro procedure. The law on infertility treatment which allows medically assisted fertilization (also heterologous), selection of embryos, embryo and gamete freezing may be recognise only as injustice from the moral point of view.
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Wars in Syria and other countries in the Middle East and North Africa created the migration crisis and reinforced the discourse on European identity. Opinions in this subject are very polarized. In Poland - especially after terrorist attacks in Brussels on March 22, 2016 –- many politicians and citizens question at all the possibility of emigrants admission, arguing that such a policy is needed to protect traditional Christian values. This text is a compilation of the Bible quotations and statements of the last three popes on emigration.
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