Добрият философ
It is an essay on the characteristics of a philosopher’s personality. For the author making philosophy is a creative art.
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It is an essay on the characteristics of a philosopher’s personality. For the author making philosophy is a creative art.
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Philosophy has always been a model and paragon of discursive knowledge.In its essence it is a dialogue of humans with nature, society, the others and with themselves and is characterised by reflexiveness, orderliness,universality and democratism. At present discourse is a dominant procedure not only in linguistics, ethics, social studies, etc., but it is also turning into a prevalent form of social self-control in political and human relations which is a fulfilment of the meaning and purpose of philosophy.
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Les photographies documentaires, mais aussi les photographies de presse, font appel à des femmes démunies en tant que personnages appropriés aux différents types d'illustrations de maux sociaux. L’attention portée à la situation précaire d’innombrables femmes devient un aspect récurrent chaque fois qu’il faut faire face à la précarité et à la pauvreté. Dans ce texte, nous observons comment les person-nages féminins sont décrits à partir d’une étude comparative des deux régimes: l’information et le documentaire. Nous avons cherché à comprendre comment leurs modes d'enregistrement permettent des expériences visuelles distinctes, ce qui attes-terait des changements dans leurs formes de représentation et de figuration dans la culture visuelle, mais principalement dans la manière dont ces femmes apparaissent. *** Documentary photographs, but also photographs of the press, refer to impoverished women as characters appropriate to the different types of illustration of social ills. The focus on the precarious situation of countless women becomes a recurrent aspect whenever one must deal with precariousness and poverty. In this text we observe how female characters are portrayed from a comparative study between two photographic regimes: the informative and the documentary. We sought to understand how their modes of representation and figuration enable distinct visual experiences, which would attest to changes in their forms of representation in the visual culture, but mainly in the ways these women appear.
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The article investigates the socio-cultural meaning of the face in relation to its natural and biological features, focusing on the particular domain of mating habits. After surveying the role of the ‘face’ in the sexual behaviors of several non-human animals, and especially of primates, the article ponders on the crucial role that the face plays in the seductive discourse which precedes and accompany mating in all human cultures and also in many primates’ behaviors. It, then, deals with the transformation that these seductive patterns of signification and communication undergo in the passage from face-to-face intercourse to digital dating. Here, the gap between the necessarily realistic representation of one’s bodily face and the idealized version of it allowed by digital picture editing widens, to the point that new epistemic parameters start to circulate throughout the digital semiosphere.
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The article comments the semantics and the functions of Thracian metal engravings in the collection of the Regional History Museum – Sliven, acquired predominantly throughout the study of some rich graves in the region of Sliven. Marriage is a form of transition from a particular social status to a different one. Through the marriage the hero joins the goddess and turns into a god-man – the highest position in society which is available only for the king. From ideological point of view wedding is a form of choosing of the ruler by the god. The ritual burial of female objects might be interpreted as a sacred symbolic signifier of a marriage between the diseased ruler and the Great Goddess. Its meaning implies the new birth of the ruler after his death. The elements of the opposition birth-death in the mythological consciousness are equal as elements of the general structure of the rites of birth, marriage, death. This is necessary in providing the main eschatological reason for the existence of the tomb as a cult building – to secure a new birth of the deceased ruler in the outer world.
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The article focuses on the benefits of introducing the Biblical study in the school on the learners’ literary interpretive competences. This study as a part of literature classes, although its place is not precise enough, and the number of hours provided for it is not enough, is important for the Bulgarian education after decades of silence about the existence of Biblical themes, images, and motifs. The paper points out that teaching should focus not only on the study of the Bible but on the way certain Biblical elements function in other works as well as practical examples with intertextual links and references are given. The paper emphasizes the importance of Biblical knowledge for cultural growth and shaping aesthetic taste of students.
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In recent years, studying connections between the human being and environment along with nature has been looked at as a topic of significant value for literary researchers. Thus, the emergence of eco-critical approach in the countries, which use English as their first language, holds the first position in this respect. This harmony of the two has been discussed for a while in world literature. This research studies literature review and pinpoints the positive view been presented by looking at eco-criticism. The methods used are textual analysis approach and eco-critical approach. The major points of this study are to investigate the main theme and shed light on it and the way William Wordsworth used his writings to protect the environment from destructions and the writer used eco-criticism or ecology in his works in his time. The environment and ecology in William Wordsworth’s poems are the two things which have been dealt with because poems can serve human beings and make them aware of protecting the environment from pollution. This research consists of several essential points about the literature and nature as well as ecology. Besides, the paper presents an introduction about Englandin the nineteenth century, romanticism, and characteristics of romanticism as these are interrelated with eco-criticism.
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Modern psychological approaches include forgiveness as a landmark in the healing process, considering that its benefits do not resume to mind comfort, but it also address to emotional, relational, social and general health issues. Therefore, this paper aims to analyze the role of forgiveness as a coping mechanism, but also as a major focus point when dealing with healing strategies. This analytic approach intends to offer a clarified overview concerning the dimensions that forgiveness enact in human life, but also its role and functions within the acceptance – rebalance – reconciliation strategies. Moreover, incorporating this concept in guided healing and self-healing depends on the experimental evidences, but also on a good understanding forgiveness as a process, but also as a final or intermediary objective in therapy is required.
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With his innovative spirit, daring to the point of risk, including that of a self-mannerism, Călin-Horia Bârleanu, an academic from the University of Suceava tries, through his excellent study Strigătul lui Benjy. Contribuţii asupra tipologiei idiotului în literatură [Benjy’s Howl. Contributions on the typology of the idiot in literature], an ontological decipherment, i.e. from the perspective of the “speculative theories about the ultimate essences or principles of all things” (MDA, 2010), which would premeditatedly avoid the “harmony of words, so deceptive and by which the trust, as a form of faith, has been emptied of any content”(p. 344), of “the typology of the patient with diminished mental capacity, real and equally projected on him” (p. 204), starting from and analyzing Faulkner's novel The Sound and the Fury, in which the typological character “is, among the resonant forms of the archetype, an entity as palpable as the fear of the dark or the obsessive «devouring jaws», because it represents and it is described by the American writer as a unique form of manifestation and communication”(p. 344), following “the unique typology of Benjy’s projections” especially “through the psychoanalytic lens or the Jungian psychology”(p. 78).
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The aim of this paper is to provide a general overview of the most relevant empirical works in recent years focused on contrastive and applied phraseology to didactics of Spanish as a foreign language in both international and Romanian fields. We reflect on controversial issues such as the appropriate level for introducing the idiomatic component in the classroom, the creation and organization of a phraseological database, the relevant criteria for developing materials and the typology of activities. Moreover, we analyze the role of lexicographic sources and the theories of curricular documents, aiming to provide general methodological considerations with educational implication.
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The construct “mentalization” in our Western psychological knowledge and more specifically in clinical work appeared several decades ago. The focus of the Western understanding and research of the construct and of mentalization-based therapy is put on the psychopathological dimensions of the process of mentalization. This article presents a brief analysis of the existential functions of mentalization in the thousand of years old Asian philosophical-psychological systems in an attempt to highlight some important implications for our Western views. The analysis is based on the paradigm of critical psychology as a concretization of the principles of Immanuel Kant‘s critical philosophy in the field of psychological knowledge.
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An extended approach to the comprehension of virtual reality is developed in the article. Virtual reality is understood not only as a logically possible or cybernetically constructed reality but also as continuous turbulence of potencies of the complex natural and social world we live in, the wandering of complex systems and organizations over a field of possibilities, such a realization of forms and structures in which many formations remain in latent, potential forms, and are in the permanent process of making and multiplying a spectrum of possibilities, lead to the growth of the evolutionary tree of paths of development. It is shown that such an understanding of virtual reality corresponds to concepts and notions developed in the modern science of complexity. The most significant concepts are considered, such as the nonlinearity of time, the relationship of space and time, the uncertainty of the past and the openness of the future, the choice and construction of the future at the moments of passing the bifurcation points. Some cultural and historical prototypes of these modern ideas of virtual reality are given. It is substantiated that the vision of virtual reality being developed today can play the role of a heuristic tool for understanding the functioning and stimulation of human creativity.
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The main objective of this article is to demonstrate why despite the growing interest in justifying AI’s trustworthiness, one can argue for AI’s reliability. By analyzing why trustworthiness ethics in Nickel’s sense provides some well-grounded hints for rethinking the rational, affective and normative accounts of trust in respect to AI, I examine some concerns about the trustworthiness of Savulescu and Maslen’s model of moral AI as an adviser. Specifically, I tackle one of its exemplifications regarding Klincewicz’s hypothetical scenario of John which is refracted through the lens of the HLEG’s fifth requirement of trustworthy artificial intelligence (TAI), namely, that of Diversity, non-discrimination and fairness.
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The paper problematizes the work and evolution of a Bulgarian artist from the point of view of the biographical approach, his artistic interventions and his re-legitimization as a contemporary artist. It discusses various aspects of contemporary art from the point of view of the artist, his interventions, market demands, the underlying contradictions, as well as the transformative tendencies in the small graphics. The paper argues that it is necessary to expand the understanding of contemporary art with certain actions of artists.
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The article traces the transformation of black color in clothing as a sign of high ethical standards. And fashion itself began to operate as an axiological and ideological form, expressing and setting certain values. Thus, clothing as a color, on the one hand, becomes a sign of public indication and recognition, and on the other – an instrument of social segregation.
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The present article regards the influence exerted by the Hermetic philosophy on the original works of one of the last representatives of Tarnovo literary school – Konstantin Kostenechki. They are found not only in the explicit mention of Hermest Trismegist in “The Biography of Stefan Larzarević” among philosophes to whom God has partly revealed “the truth” but also in one long and sophisticated syllogism where God Father is presented as “Mind” and “The Sources of the First Mind”. Some specific terms, the description of the Serbian anchorites and one unusual transformation of the Gospel text (Mathew 6:6) also must be ascribed to Hermetic influence. All of these hermetic elements most probably have been loaned from Greek sources having included fragments of “Corpus Hermeticum” and some other hermetic texts.
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Article aims, through a comparative analysis, to explicate the Gnostic and Bogomil religious-philosophical conceptual grounds for the possibility of acquiring knowledge saving man from the dualism of being. The tasks of the study are to indicate the reasons for the search for such knowledge, which provides a form of human existence that will lead man to salvation. To achieve the tasks, the study begins by establishing the connections of Gnosticism and Bogomilism with historically preceding spiritual-religious communities and their concepts, the relations with Christianity and the grounds for their designation as Christian heresies are indicated, the conceptual parallels between Gnosticism and Bogomilism in their cosmological understandings are indicated and their consequences for man, the way out is indicated, which overcomes the unnatural state of being and the subsequent opportunity available to man for union with God.
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The archaeological record is information left in artifacts and biofacts from an extinct culture. It is the result of a process of growth of entropy in the site, which destroys the structures of culture. I theorize on archaeological information and archaeological entropy – the missing information about the site. From archaeological record to virtual reconstruction, information is extracted from the entropy of the extinct cultural form/process in the archaeological record. Archaeological entropy is differential and depends on the material, not the culture.
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This study examines the shift in the prosecutorial strategy of Ernest Pinard in the cases against Gustave Flaubert (“Madame Bovary”) and Charles Baudelaire (“Les Fleurs du mal”), offering an interpretation that explores the ways in which legal professionals read literary works. Using examples such as the poet-detective Gabriel Syme, a character in G. K. Chesterton’s “The Man Who Was Thursday”, and the investigating monk William, a character in Umberto Eco’s “The Name of the Rose”, the article investigates potential connections between poetry and law. These connections create legal spaces where both laughter and music become possible. Particular attention is given to the relationship between text and music within the framework of court proceedings (the so-called “courtroom acoustics”) as well as in the formation of judicial practice (understood as a harmonious performance).
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