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Despite the fact, that polish society doesn’t seem to be so much jolly, we can find often in polish public space many examples of (sense of) humor. There any many rules of official interpersonal communication, which enables saving mutual wellbeing of both “actors” – sender and receiver of message. Many good features of linguistic joke make it an attractive tool for advertisements (also for political marketing) and create between them a specific (and socially desirable interaction – media school etc.
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The article discusses the image of mother in some poems of Binyo Ivanov. This image is more strongly expressed, comparing to the image of the father. We concerned biographical contexts that are associated with the images of parents. In his first poetry book “To other grass” the mother and father are presented in different poems. After that periodically in other books the poet includes new or already known poems dedicated to the parents. That are important observation, because emphasizes the fact, that this images tangibly present in the books of the poet , whether in a known or new works. The article makes some comparisons with other poets of the period in which they create.
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The aim of the paper is to represent some specific speech features of the local media from southwestern part of Bulgaria – the newspapers Struma and Vyara, the radios Radio Blagoevgrad, radio Focus Pirin, Darik radio – Blagoevgrad; the TV channels TV OKO, TV DARTS, BNT Pirin/BNT 2. The speech characteristics are a result of parallel processes of democratization and intellectualization as well as dynamic changes in the media.
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This article examines the concept “Home” in the Bulgarian picture of the world. The concept “Home” is presented via lexicography, proverbs and many texts – different articles and fiction. There have been instituted inquiries inquiries. The concept “Home” and the concept of the “family”.
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The concepts of work and laziness in the Bulgarian linguistic world picture has not yet been subjected to detailed description and analysis, therefore, it was elected to be the object of study. The perception of work and laziness allow to explore the system of social relations and the basic values of the Bulgarian society. The main idea of this work is to describe the implementation of the concepts of work and laziness in Bulgarian collocations, proverbs, idioms and stable expressions, related to labour, in which the keyword is work / job. The material used in this study is obtained from the collections of proverbs, phraseological and monolingual dictionaries, associative polls, conducted among students.
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This paper presents results of two investigations of the attitudes towards two types of pronunciation of the definite article for nouns of female gender, ending in a consonant. According to grammar and dictionaries only the pronunciation of the article as [-ta] is normative, while the pronunciation [-tə] is not. Participants in the first investigation (N=2018) listened to a recording of words, pronounced with article [-tə], and were asked to evaluate the pronunciation as right – wrong, sounding good – sounding bad, and belonging to eastern – western dialects. 10-degree scale was used. 88,5% of participants answered that the article [-tə] was wrong and did not sound good, but 60.1% of them did not know if this was eastern or western phenomenon. In order to check if these results were due to social desirability bias, a second study was done. Participants (N=314) listened to recordings of sentences, some of them pronounced normatively with article [-ta], and others pronounced wrong with article [-tə]. Then they had to answer if they hear any mistake in pronunciation, and to evaluate the speaker. 93,5% of the participants answered that the article [-tə] was normatively pronounced, and 88,4% – that the article [-ta] was normatively pronounced as well. Both speakers were highly evaluated. These results prove that the article [-tə] is so widespread, that people do not recognize it as wrong.
More...Magiczna moc słów w folklorze słowiańskim
Review of: - - - - - - - - - - - - - Poznańskie Studia Slawistyczne nr 3/2012. Zaklęcie, zamówienie, zażegnanie. Magiczna moc słów w folklorze słowiańskim (ur. Michał Buchowski i Joanna Rękas), Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu, Wydawnictwo Naukowe UAM, Poznań, 2012., 316 str.
More...Antun Gustav Matoš
review of: -------------------- Poznańskie Studia Slawistyczne nr 7/2014. Antun Gustav Matoš (ur. temata: Krystyna Pieniążek-Marković i Goran Rem), Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu, Wydawnictwo Naukowe UAM, Poznań, 2014., 350 str.
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Leaving one’s homeland comes as a shock for an emigrant and his family. It is even more difficult when they decide to settle down in a country as far away from Poland as Australia is. Its exotic character, so different from European lifestyle conventions, can cause difficulties in adapting to the new culture and make the whole process last longer. Language and culture – the two elements closely connected with emigration are discussed in the article. On the one hand there is a need to preserve one’s own values, on the other, however at the same time, one must adapt to new values to avoid isolation.
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The Polish language keeps losing its position in comparison with other community languages. This is a result of new waves of immigrants arriving from China, Vietnam and Arabic countries. The article presents the current situation of Polish language in Australia referring first to the data gathered by the Australian Bureau of Statistics, then discussing factors that are crucial for language maintenance/shifting using the already existing models. The author divides the factors into ‘permanent’ and ‘dynamic,’ and then, in the second group he distinguishes between the factors that can or cannot be profiled. Such an approach reveals the areas where initiatives aimed at Polish language maintenance in Australia are most needed and can be the most effective.
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The article shows how some of Greek authors from different epochs arranged the problem of the language communication among the Greeks and the non-Greeks. This question emerged gradually, however it appeared perspicuously but in the Hellenistic period, and in time of the Roman Empire. If sometimes this problem was ignored the reason could be that from the time of Alexander the Great the Greek language was a primary one on large areas of the ancient world. Nevertheless, the non-Greeks unknowing the Greek language appeared in Greek literature up to the end of antiquity, and the poets and writers solved the issue of language communication in a more or less probable way. One of them was introducing a professional interpreter particularly in the royal palaces.
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So far, more than 20 Slavic literary microlanguages have been identified, differing by the level of linguistic polyvalence they have achieved. The sources from which microlanguages derive their language efficiency are usually (at least for a certaintime) the respective Slavic macrolanguages (such as Polish, Czech or Slovenian) characterized a longstanding literary tradition and use by distinguished representativesof the nation. Codificators of Slavic microlanguages attempt to increase their prestige in various ways. One of the methods of proving that a nascent literary language is functionally efficient and worthy of international recognition is the translation of world literature classics, including the whole or parts of the Bible. Translators of the Bible are, in a certain sense, following in the footsteps of their predecessors who intellectualized folk dialectsor not yet fully effective written languages, transforming them into literary languages. As far as Slavic microlanguages are concerned, the richest collection of biblical writings can be found among the Lusatians, with the entire Protestant version of the Bible having been translated into Lower Sorbian and the entire Protestant and Catholic versions into Upper Serbian. The entire New Testament or the four Gospels have been translated into the following Slavic microlanguages: Cashubian, Prekmurje Slovene, Ruthenian, Banat Bulgarian and West Polesian. In case of the Silesian, Podhale, Carpatho-Rusyn (Lemko) and Eastern Slovakian microlanguages, only portions of the NT are available.
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The paper analyzes the correspondence of Vuk Stefanović Karadžić with the aim of creating a clear picture of the basic characteristics of teaching Serbian as a foreign language. The research used the method of theoretical analysis with the technique of content analysis. The material for the research consisted of thirteen books of Vuk Karadžić’s correspondence published as part of the Collected Works of the Publishing Company “Prosveta”, as well as the book Vuk-Ana: Correspondence of Golub Dobrašinović. The analysis of the data showed that already at the time of the Serbian literary language codification, there were hints of teaching modern Serbian as a foreign language and (at least) one of its subdisciplines – teaching Serbian as a heritage language. Their implementation was related to repeating and memorizing translated sentences from a foreign language, talking with native speakers, directly correcting mistakes and using Vuk’s three capital publications – Gramatika, Pjesnarica and Riječnik. Members of Vuk’s family (his wife, sons and daughters), his friends and distinguished contemporaries such as Jernej Kopitar, Jacob Grimm, Samuel Bohumil Bankte, Peter I. Price, Nikolai Ivanovich Nadezhdin, Izmail I. Sreznjevski appeared as students, while teachers of Serbian (as a foreign language) were his friends – Lukijan Mušicki, Đuro Daničić, Dimitrije Vladisavljević, maids and teachers from Serbia, who he himself hired to teach his children Serbian.
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This paper presents the basic characteristics of the concentration camp language in the short stories of Polish writer Tadeusz Borowski. These characteristics are primarily reflected in the specific vocabulary, mostly German and Polish, related to the realities of concentration camp life. One of the distinctive features of the concentration camp language, as depicted in Borowski’s narrative prose, is the tendency to use simplified linguistic expressions. The paper also discusses some concentration camp toponyms, as well as certain solutions adopted by Serbian translators when transferring elements of the concentration camp language from the original Polish text into the translated text.
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The language picture of a mouse in Serbian is created on the elements of linguocultural theory. This animal has an important place in Serbian culture and has numerous symbolic representations. In the Serbian tradition, very old rituals are performed to protect against vermin. Therefore, the starting point in understanding this issue is dedicated to the mouse in the traditional Serbian picture. The following segment shows the mouse in the modern Serbian picture, based on encyclopedic data about it and information in the Dictionary of associations in the Serbian language. At the linguistic level, the semantic-derivational potential of the lexeme mouse was observed based on the semantic content, scope and composition of its derivational nest, to emphasize how and to what extent traditional, scientific and modern understanding of the mouse is reflected in language. The linguistic aspect is complemented by the consideration of terminological expressions, phraseologisms and proverbs with the mouse component. The analysis shows that all segments of the Serbian language picture of a mouse contain a component of the qualifying type, based on which this animal is determined as a pest. For example, a large number of derivatives from the nest with the motive word mouse is based on the perception of the mouse as a pest: names of animals that feed on mice and darken them: birds (mišar, mišolovac, mišolovica, mišljak, mišožder), snakes (mišarica, mišovka), cats (mišar, mišolovica), nomina instrumenti as names of a device used to hunt mice (mišolovka, mišnica) and names for the chemicals that poison mice (mišemor, mišomor, mišjak). The lexical system includes calendar days dedicated to protection from mice (Mišoljdan). The productive components, contained in other fragments of the overall language picture of the mouse, concern its size, the looks of body parts, especially the shape of the muzzle and the length of the tail. The productivity of these components is evidenced by numerous derivatives that conceptualize the properties (mišolik, mišast, mišookast, mišorepast). Some derivatives are named animals based on metaphorical associations in the shape of the snout and tail or fur colour (fish – mišar, mišac; horses – miškać, miškulaš, miško) even and plants (mišjakinja). However, these mouse properties do not have a motivating function in the formation of phraseologisms and proverbs. Information on the distribution and habitat of mice is especially characteristic of terminological compounds (balkanski miš, poljski miš, šumski miš, kućni miš), which is certainly a consequence of the scientific understanding of mice and is maintained on derivation. The fragments that make up the overall picture of the mouse are also characterized by certain specifics. In the traditional picture, these are the symbolic elements based on which the mouse is defined as a chthonic animal or the embodiment of a negative principle. Phraseologisms and proverbs mainly express phenomena that are not represented in other segments of the mouse picture: poverty (siromašan kao crkveni miš), unfavourable circumstances (kao miš u rasolu), interpersonal relationships (paze se kao mačka i miš), a condition caused by bad weather (pokisao kao miš), and in the domain of communication (tresla se gora, rodio se miš). As a general conclusion, it can be stated that the core of the language picture of the mouse consists of elements that appear in all observed fragments (walk, appearance, distribution) and that the frame of this picture represents specific unique realizations achieved in each fragment.
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The paper investigates punctuation rules and their application in Serbian and English, focusing on the examples that comply with different normative solutions in the two languages. The main goal of the research is to compare and contrast the results obtained from a survey done by a group of seventh-grade primary school students. The paper aims to determine how well the respondents apply punctuation rules in Serbian and English, to examine whether there is interference in the application of rules, and to investigate to what extent the detected errors illustrate the tendency of spreading pseudo-norms that violate the orthography of both languages. The results show that the respondents use punctuation marks with more precision in Serbian than in English. The percentage of incorrect answers to each question and the types of errors indicate interference and the creation of hybrid forms that are incorrect in both languages, which represent the creation of pseudo-norms. Furthermore, the results show a greater influence of the application of the rules adopted in the Serbian language on the English language, which can be interpreted by the bigger number of Serbian classes and clearly stated topics within the syllabus of the Serbian language course.
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The paper deals with the research on the prevalence of recent anglicisms in the everyday language of the students at the Department of English Language and Literature of the Faculty of Philosophy in Kosovska Mitrovica. Since the anglicisms that have entered the Serbian language in the last two decades are the result of progress in information and computer technology, the goal of this research is to assess the most common English-origin vocabulary, especially in the speech of older adolescents. Although the sample was a group of English language students (N=50), it is assumed that their everyday language reflects the language of the wider population of students of English language and literature, which should be examined by including a much larger number of English speakers from different universities in Serbia, in order to reach more reliable results. One of the tasks of the linguists is to preserve the Serbian language from the influx of foreign words, while the role of lexicographers is to publish new dictionaries including all foreign words that enter the Serbian language and persist there. New words of English origin multiply every day in contact with content found on the Internet, starting from social networks, blogs that offer advice for various problems, sites that are full of lexical units originating from the English language, films, series, and so-called “tutorials” that are especially followed by the younger population. This paper will not discuss the justification of the use of anglicisms found, but an attempt will be made to find those that are most frequent, and thus the lexicon that, whether we like it or not, entered the Serbian language. The study relies on the free verbal association method to identify frequent lexical units originating from English. Comparative analysis is performed using the latest dictionaries Речник нових речи у српском језику 1 (Оташевић и др. 2022), abbreviated as RNR, and Srpski rečnik novijih anglicizama (Prćić et al. 2021), abbreviated as SRNA. Consequently, the paper highlights the most frequent lexical units from the students’ perspective that are not listed in the dictionaries RNR (2022) and SRNA (2021). Through free verbal associations, students wrote anglicisms they use in their speech. The diversity in the choice of alphabets, as well as forms that the students chose while writing anglicisms, would be determined. This research, although it has shortcomings in terms of the small number of respondents, can still provide valid data in the field of lexicography and contact linguistics.
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