Literackie (kraj)obrazy Jane Austen a angielska estetyka malowniczości

Author(s): Sylwia Borowska-Kazimiruk / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2019

The main inspiration for the article dedicated to aesthetics of picturesqueness in Jane Austen’s novels is W. J. T. Mitchell’s Introduction in Landscape and Power, where he defines a landscape not as a noun, but as a verb. In this context, this term becomes a cultural medium, by which the new political and social meanings of the epoch are transmitted and sanctioned. Selected parts of Austen’s works, in which long descriptions of nature have been replaced by dialogues about a landscape as an artistic, picturesque object, will allow to describe the consequences of the reconceptualization of the nature within English theory of aesthetics.

Jak znaleźć męża między żywymi trupami a krwiożerczymi ośmiornicami? Mash-up, czyli „klasyczne romanse z okresu regencji” z domieszką elementów nadnaturalnych (na przykładzie Pride and Prejudice and Zombies oraz Sense and Sensibility and Sea Monsters

Author(s): Iwona Przybysz / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2019

In this article, the author confronts two mash-up novels (novels, in which new motives and elements are added to the masterpieces of world’s literature) – Pride and Prejudice and Zombies by Jane Austen and Seth Grahame-Smith and Sense and Sensibility and Sea Monsters by Jane Austen and Ben H. Winters. The author shows how the new elements (zombies and sea monsters) are added to Jane Austen’s novels and underlines which elements have to be left in their original form, and which can be changed. The author also describes how the development of the new motives affects the ways of describing the world of the novel and its characters.

Teoria, nostalgia, alt-right: amerykańska Austen w XXI wieku

Author(s): Mikołaj Golubiewski / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2019

In July 2017, some American scholars accused alt-right groups of appropriating Jane Austen’s works for extreme-right propaganda. How could Austen’s texts – an author associated with the beginnings of feminism – be used by blatant misogynists? This clash of perceptions reveals a dispute between Austen’s broad reception as classically romantic romances and a whole range of narrow theoretical academic readings. In the analysis of this dispute, the paper outlines long-lasting threads of Austen’s interpretation in AngloAmerican culture, whose ideological reconstruction of the last few decades clashes with a nostalgia for imperial order.

Der Untergang des Habsburgerreiches aus der Perspektive einer modernen Familiengeschichte (am Beispiel von Jenny Erpenbecks Roman „Aller Tage Abend“)

Author(s): Ievgeniia Voloshchuk / Language(s): German Issue: 1/2019

Since the cultural “rediscovery” of the former eastern outskirts of the Habsburg Monarchy, Galicia has not left being literary fashion. Writers try to explore this significant place of memory (Erinnerungsort) of European cultural history, tending to arrange the literary myth of Galicia as an overarching narrative, in which the force fields of European history are merging. A striking example of such kind of literature is Jenny Erpenbeck’s novel Aller Tage Abend (2012). Praised by the critics, the text tells at the same time an autobiographical and fictional family history during the 20th century.In the article it is described how all central areas of the family history are influenced by the repressed Galician past, namely the protagonist’s lifestyles, the fate of her family, and, finally, her confrontation with the 20th-century history. The focus is on the basic components of the Galician experience, which was initially constituted by the way of living of Jewish diaspora in Habsburg Galicia and, later on, by the emigration of the family to Vienna. Furthermore, connections between Erpenbeck’s concept of the Galician past and the literary myth of Galicia are examined.

Artystyczne kompozycje egzystencjalne. Teorie estetyczne w 622 upadkach Bunga Stanisława Ignacego Witkiewicza

Author(s): Aneta Jabłońska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 4/2019

In the article, Aneta Jabłońska analyzes a way Witkacy defined art and creative process.Jabłońska discerns a parallel between Witkacy’s terms and interpretations of these categorieswhich were named in modernism. The author of the article shows the conceptions ofart which were described in The 622 Downfalls of Bungo. She also presents how theseconceptions influence the acts of the novel’s main characters (among others of Bungo,Duke of Nevermore and Baron Brummel). Jabłońska distinguishes the following theories:aestheticism of the modern period, aesthetic pragmatism, and modern aestheticism. Thearticle casts doubt on Bożena Danek-Wojnowska’s thesis because Jabłońska proves that in his novel, Witkacy did not opt for any of the theories which he showed in The622 Downfalls of Bungo as each of them was either destroying the artist or denyingthe existence of pure art and its creation.

Лексичні заміни в „Апокрисисі” Христофора Філалета

Author(s): Oksana Nika / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 7/2019

The article analyses the lexical substitutions in Apocrysys polemic tractate by Krystofor Filalet, printed in the year 1598 or 1599, in the Ostrog printing house owned by Great Prince of Ostrog. It is the translation of the Polish version of Apocrysys printed in 1597 in O. Rodeckyi’s printing house. The copies of this old printed work in the ”ruska mova” („the Ruthenian language”), kept at the V.I. Vernadsky National Library of Ukraine and at the Vilnius University Library, were compared. In the old printed texts, translation of words was proposed with the help of notes on the page margins. Lexical substitutions are analyzed in the context, their fi xation in the contemporary dictionaries and historical lexicographical papers is indicated. Notably, the substitutions of Latinisms and, occasionally, Polonisms prevail. Church Slavonic and bookish Ukrainian elements appear instead. It was concluded that text substitutions in the Apocrysys may have other translation and explanation in dictionaries of that time, or are not recorded in them at all. Key words: lexical substitutions, Latinism, Polonism, Church Slavonic, bookish Ukrainian elements, Apocrysys by Khrystofor Filalet, „ruska mova” („the Ruthenian language”).

Кореляція категорії sacrum у драматургії Григора Лужницького

Author(s): Stepan Chorob / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 7/2019

Based on the material of a little-known Ukrainian playwright and cultural-ecclesiasticalleader, a member of the literary grouping „Logos” Hryhor Luzhnytskyi (1903−1990)the paper discovers his artistic embodiment of the category sacrum in the external andinternal structure of his religious and Christian plays. It proves the interdependence of thiscategory as well as the content and the creative form coverage of such a type of dramas by Hryhor Luzhnytskyi. Simultaneously, it outlines the traditions of creating religious andChristian literature, particularly dramaturgy, in the Ukrainian spiritual-cultural context, aswell as in the world writing.

Dzieło misyjne Cyryla i Metodego na Rusi-Ukrainie

Author(s): Stefan Kozak / Language(s): Polish Issue: 7/2019

In 988, prince Volodymyr took up the great epochal challenges of faith and grace,making the salvifi c secret of the Baptism of the Ruthenians and other Slav peoples inhabitingthe vast lands of Kievan Rus.This is the most important breakthrough moment of the act of conversion and theprocess of Christianization, opening the Christian epoch throughout Russia and includingKievan Rus in the civilization of countries of the early Middle Ages.It is hard to overestimate the importance of these „plural” monasteries, council schoolsand libraries for the further development of Kievan Rus. After all, they were the drivingforce of the missionary work of Cyril and Methodius, they promoted and disseminated thereligion and Christian principles of life and co-existence, created works conducive to theformation of Rusin’s personality of „new times” and at the same time satisfying the wholeof his religious, social and cultural needs.The missionary work of Cyril and Methodius in Rus – Ukraine gave Kyiv Christianitythe hallmarks of universality, thus opening up the possibility of bringing togetherand playing the role of a bridge between Christian East and West and drawing a fullhand on the heritage of civilization and culture. Literature, art and science of both theEast and the West. It is no coincidence, therefore, that Kiev fulfi lled an honorable role of„the mother of Ruthenian cities,” and at the same time as Constantinople was perceivedas the „New Jerusalem”. It is the fruit of the idea of the apostolicity of Kiev realized by the rulers of Rus-Ukraine for over two centuries, which experienced its „Golden Age”of development.

Modlitwa Jezusowa jako dziedzictwo duchowe Polaków i Ukraińców

Author(s): Irena Mytnik / Language(s): Polish Issue: 7/2019

The article is an attempt to look at Jesus’ prayer as a common spiritual heritage of all Christians, including the Polish and the Ukrainian, and at the same time a synthesis of the current thoughts on this prayer tradition, which is one of the oldest forms of Christian contemplative prayer. It originates from the Holy Scriptures and meditations of the Word of God, it was practiced and developed by the Desert Fathers, Fathers of the Church, monks, clergy and laity, above all in the Churches of the Christian East. Today, the most widespread is in the Orthodox and Greek Catholic Church, but for many years has been experiencing a kind of revival in the Catholic Church. The article presents the teaching of the Church, its saints and contemporary spiritual masters on this subject.

Сфера sacrum у художньому дискурсі Марії Матіос

Author(s): Halyna Żukowska / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 7/2019

The article discusses the features of the artistic interpretation of the sacrum spherein the prose of Maria Matios, in particular in the stories „Solodka Darusia” („SweetDarusia”) and „Maizhe Nikoly Ne Navpaky” („Almost never the other way round”). Theauthor artistically comprehends the tragedy of human destiny against the backdrop ofbloody history of the twentieth century, the author deeply immerses in the psychologicalbeing of a woman, Maria Matios who is looking for the meanings of the phenomenon ofhuman life, which is the most extraordinary because, according to the Christian doctrine,given by God.It is revealed that the sphere of sacrum in the analyzed artistic texts is fi rst of all rootedin the refl ection of purely religious folk experience, which is expressed through the use ofreligiously marked concepts, symbols, allusions in texts. In the spirit of Christian doctrine,the characters of Maria Matios’ undergo a purifi cation process through suff ering: somehave their cross to bear, others rebel, being in extreme situations. The image of God inthe works of Maria Matios is ambivalent, it combines the good and evil in itself, whileHis will remains incomprehensible to a mortal human. The author makes no sense of theopposition sacred – profane, confi rming the axiological ambivalence of the sacred. It wasinvestigated that the writer, besides purely religious segments, gives sacred statuses tohuman feelings, land, water, music, etc. The all-embracing nature of the sphere of sacrumin the prose of Maria Matios extends not only to the world of the alive, but also to theworld of the deceased where there are the souls of the deceased.The functional load of the sacrum sphere in the stories of Maria Matios „SolodkaDarusia” („Sweet Darusia”) and „Maizhe Nikoly Ne Navpaky” („Almost never the otherway round”) is deepened by ethno-national coloring in which the sacred and profaneare especially converging and interpenetrating, where the processes of sacralizationand desacralization are constantly taking place, where Christianity and paganism areclosely intertwined. The universal formula of the sacred worldview, embodied in the artistic discourse of Maria Matios, became the triad of theocentrism – anthropocentrism –ethnocentrism.

Spod znaku Kordiana, Anhellego, Lilli Wenedy. Człowiek Herberta, antropologie Słowackiego

Author(s): Karol Samsel / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2020

The aim of the study is to show the program volume of Zbigniew Herbert, Mr Cogito from 1974, as a collection in which the poet transforms into as much a resonator as a revisor of the basic Polish romantic aesthetic and ethical representations – in Mr Cogito he always identified with the writing of Juliusz Słowacki. The anthropology of Kordian, Lilla Weneda and Anhelli not only influences the activities of Herbertian Mr Cogito, but also shapes his post-heroic genealogy and, speaking the language of Karl Dedecius, “orientation in the postmetaphysical world”. Herbert (as has been shown) thinks about Słowacki in a deep and complex way, focusing his interest on the anthropological potential of the romantic poet’s heroes and Herbert’s own construction and deconstruction game with the mythology produced by Słowacki (venenedism, anhellism, heroism and anti-heroism in Kordian).

Julian Przyboś – poeta nie-„prześnionej rewolucji”

Author(s): Krzysztof Obremski / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2020

Andrzej Leder’s monograph Prześniona rewolucja. Ćwiczenia z logiki historycznej [Sleepwalking the Revolution. An Exercise in Historical Logic] allows us to look at Julian Przyboś in a new perspective, which at least in part removes the communist label from the co-author of the anthology of revolutionary poetry Wzięli diabli pana [The devils have taken the lord] (1955) and thus forces us perhaps even to abandon the “white and red” perception of the 20th-century life stories of Poles. Aware of the historical significance, the poet would not say about the post-war social revolution, “It just happened”.

Ale na razie tu cisza” – fotografie sprzed katastrofy w wybranych zapisach literackich (Stefan Chwin, Ryszard Kapuściński, Wisława Szymborska)

Author(s): Magdalena Strąk / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2020

The work aims to show a peculiar perspective of looking at photographs taken on the eve of the broadly understood disaster, which is specified in a slightly different way in each of the literary texts (Stefan Chwin’s autobiographical novel Krótka historia pewnego żartu [The brief history of a certain joke], a poem by Ryszard Kapuściński Na wystawie „Fotografia chłopów polskich do 1944 r.” [At an exhibition “The Polish peasants in photographs to 1944”] and Wisława Szymborska’s Fotografia z 11 września [Photograph from September 11]) – as death in a concentration camp, a general concept of the First World War or a terrorist attack. Upcoming tragic events – of which the photographed people are not yet aware – become for the subsequent recipient an inseparable element of reality contained in the frame. For the later observers, privileged with time perspective, the characters captured in the photograph are already victims of the catastrophe, which in reality was not yet recorded by the camera. It is a work about coexistence of the past and future in the field of photography.

Słowacki poza systemem

Author(s): Anna Rzepniewska-Kosińska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2020

Przewodnik po awangardzie „Europy Środkowej”

Author(s): Przemysław Batorski / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2020

How do the English Project Themselves? Notes on the Selfhood and Identity Referring to the English, as Seen From the Perspective of Humour Studies

Author(s): Joanna Jabłońska-Hood / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2020

English humour is religiously involved in the creation of the English identitydrawing on the nation’s memory, history as well as culture. A great deal of it isdevoted to the preservation of a certain self-portrait on the part of the English inthat their identity is glorified, demonstrated in a positive light, with the Englishinvariably playing a noble role against the backdrop of historical events, frequentlystanding alone in the presence of traumatic and unpredictable changes. This articleaims to examine English comedy from a cognitive linguistic perspective todemonstrate how the English identity is formulated and (re)shaped, and how theconcept of the English self is proudly created in relation to the national identity viathe cultural memories and English humour.

Zachodnie spojrzenie na fantazmatyczne widoki Casablanki

Author(s): Kamil Lipiński / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2020

The article aims to address the dynamically changing western gaze on the orientalscenery of Casablanca analysed from the perspective of psychoanalytical theory.Crucial to the analysis is the psychoanalytical interpretation of visual culture whosetime-space transformations coincide on the border of cultures. The interpretationis particularly focused on the interpersonal relationship between the characters andspace-time flashbacks by the symptomatic reading of elements of narrative derivedfrom textual analysis of storytelling. The psychoanalytical framework puts anemphasis on the interpretation of the places where the film’s events occurred interms of a phantasmatic scene.

Homo duplex (z problematyki przynależności narodowej i państwowej Josepha Conrada)

Author(s): Stefan Zabierowski / Language(s): Polish Issue: 3/2020

The paper aims to interpret the term “homo duplex” used by Joseph Conrad tocharacterize his personality in the letter to the historian Kazimierz Waliszewski.The author presents various meanings of this duality as Conrad was a citizenof the Russian Empire, and then of Great Britain. His profession was alsotwofold: first he was a French seaman, then an English seaman to become finallyan outstanding representative of English literature. As an English writer, heemphatically emphasized his links with Polish culture, in particular with theliterature of the Romantic period.

Nigeria – państwo kruche czy upadłe? Dyskurs katastroficzny w Rybakach Chigozie Obiomy

Author(s): Błażej Popławski / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2021

The article aims to characterize the multidimensional crisis of Nigeria on the basisof the novel Fishermen written by Chigozie Obioma. Obioma, a representative ofthe third generation of Nigerian writers, constructs a narrative around a selffulfilling prophecy about the annihilation of interpersonal relations, as well as themacrosocial, the political, and ecological crisis in West Africa. Finally, the ethnicand political views of Obioma in the context of the collapse of statehood in Africaare characterized.

Dylematy poznawcze Krzysztofa Kolumba

Author(s): Wojciech Iwańczak / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2021

The text analyses the inner life of Christopher Columbus based mainly on hiswritings and the literature on the subject. It is an attempt to reconstruct thementality of the great explorer against the background of his turbulent biographyand the historical context of the turn of the Middle Ages and modern times.