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The purpose of the following study is to review the literature on the topic and to present a pedagogical experience of integrating effective techniques for developing writing skills in English as a foreign language. The experiment was carried out with 24 eight grade students (experimental group) of the Maths and Science High school“Academician Ivan Gyuzelev” – Gabrovo provided with an intensive learning curriculum for English as a foreign language. The techniques which are applied in the experiment focus on the development of language knowledge(product writing) and teaching students to create written texts by drafting, reviewing, editing and redrafting (process writing). In addition to these, the analysis of the characteristics of an email text type (genre writing) was also used to evaluate the students’ comprehension. The review of literary sources and the presented pedagogical experiment are a part of a didactically experimental model for developing foreign language writing skills.The purpose of the following study is to review the literature on the topic and to present a pedagogical experience of integrating effective techniques for developing writing skills in English as a foreign language. The experiment was carried out with 24 eight grade students (experimental group) of the Maths and Science High school “Academician Ivan Gyuzelev” – Gabrovo provided with an intensive learning curriculum for English as a foreign language. The techniques which are applied in the experiment focus on the development of language knowledge(product writing) and teaching students to create written texts by drafting, reviewing, editing and redrafting (process writing). In addition to these, the analysis of the characteristics of an email text type (genre writing) was also used to evaluate the students’ comprehension. The review of literary sources and the presented pedagogical experiment are a part of a didactically experimental model for developing foreign language writing skills.
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The subject of the paper is the inevitable, utilitarian and effective symbiosis between power and language, which is a main precondition for the conversion from „language of power” to „language power”. „Cryptic language” is the basic mechanism by which „language of power” systematically and creatively modifies itself into „language power”, and corruption of language becomes corruption by language. Thus, logical, deductive, and conceptual thinking are neglected at the expense of emotions, imagination and sensory activity. This mechanism is a function of skilful and permanent interaction between media discourse and political discourse. It is an indisputable and eloquent manifestation of one of the new functions of language – realization of a hidden and intentional manipulative influence on the feelings, adjustments, prejudices, beliefs, thinking, and ultimately – on the societal behaviour.
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The present study examines some cases of functional substitution of non-affricate with affricate obstruents in the oral practice of the French language, some of its diatopic and diastratic variations, as well as the manifestation of this process in the Bulgarian language. The study finds that the affrication concerns only the plosive obstruents ([t], [d], [k], [g]) in the French language, while the affrication in the Bulgarian language is observed both with plosive ([t], [d]) and fricative obstruents ([c], [з], [ш], [ж]). The terms ‚direct‘ and ‚indirect affrication‘ are introduced. The study analyzes the phonetic causes of the substitution process under consideration.
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The author uses the study of the axiological systems of the Russian, Bulgarian and Romanian paremiological pictures of the world based on proverbs with ‘good–evil’ components and their synonyms as a framework for researching proverbs and sayings of Bessarabian immigrants who have lived in a foreign Russian-Romanian ethnical context for over 200 years. This article describes and presents in a comparative way some Russian, Bulgarian and Romanian proverbs with the components ‘good–evil’ and their synonyms, obtained as a result of continuous sampling of the most complete representative sources. The author brings forward statistical characteristics of arrays paired with observations upon the universal and nationally specific traits at the conceptual, structural and discursive levels. Some entry-level comparative interpretation is carried out, building upon the Russian, Bulgarian and Romanian paremiological ideas about the essence of such categories as ‘good’ and ‘evil’, as well as the balance between these categories and the expected reactions to good and evil.
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The report explores the current tendencies in creating copywriting texts in the Internet, as well as their similarities and differences with informal, verbal communication. The report provides a definition of the copywriting text and its functions in the media environment and studies the tendencies in the creation of written informal texts. Based on this research, can be outlined three tendencies in the creation of copywriting texts. First – a tendency towards minimizations, characterized by an elision of sounds, short sentences and abbreviations. Second – a tendency towards excess, characterized by the use of multiple figures of speech and repetitions. Third – a tendency towards uniqueness, characterized by informal language, digraphia (in Cyrillic and Latin) and extensive use of internet jargon.
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The article analyses the reduplication from the type of laptops-maptops that we can come across in the modern speech practice. It divides the neologisms in four semantic groups, comments on the model and their use. It also makes a general comparison with such examples in Russian, Turkish and Afghanistan languages.
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Idioms containing ethnonyms found in the dialects of Bulgarian villages in Bessarabia, Ukraine, are analyzed in the article. An attempt to find equivalents in the lexicographic sources in Bulgarian, Ukrainian and Russian phraseology was made. The frequency of their use was studied, as well as the degree of the motivation for their nomination in the following classification.
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This article analyses the registered uses of the noun gusto in the informal speech, as well as its derivative verbs. The observation is focused on the impersonal structures of the sentence, in which these lexemes are used. An attempt has been made to describe the different (compared to the codified formal language) meaning, with which they are used in the habitual communication.
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The nature of ijekavian yat reflexes and by the same token, of stresses, still poses a scientific problem. Most recordings of the long yat reflexes so far are based on auditive perceptions. Founding the research on a computer experiment, this paper describes and defines the nature of the rising intonation stresses and the phonetic value of the long yat substitutes. The informants are intellectuals reliable representatives of literary (i)jekavism.
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At the end of the 1980s some German Romanists initiated a discussion about the concepts of standard, nonstandard and substandard. The German linguist Zoya Kyoster-Thoma brings the discussion into the context of the modern Russian linguistic reality. In this way, she introduces new frameworks for the study of appearance in the Russian language that have not so far been the subject of special research. These frameworks are the subject of analysis in the present study.
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In this contrastive study on interjections and onomatopoeic expressions in Bulgarian and Russian, I propose a field principle for the organisation of units serving as interjections based on a relevant functional-semantic field. The classification, mixed in nature, is founded on a structural principle (simple and complex interjections) and takes into account the origin of the units under consideration (primary non-derivative and secondary derivative interjections). Within the scope of this classification, a more detailed division based on semantic and functional principles is proposed. The field of interjections is polycentric, with a core consisting of prototypical emotional interjections and onomatopoeic words and expressions, and a periphery comprising other lexical-grammatical groups of interjections – imperatives, directives, vocatives, wishes, exclamations and other formulas used during worship, as well as multiword expressions – idioms, collocations and sentences – that gradually blend into other types of written and spoken language units.
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The report presents material from the speaking community about the blessings and good wishes, the Bulgarians of Shishtavec village (Republic of Albania). The collected material shows a well shaped and very rich category with blessings and good wishes to reveal important features of typological Shishtavec Bulgarians. They are loving, generous and positive emotional stressed. Wishes are associated with good wishes, good health for families, long and happy life, success and more.
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The study draws comparison between the selected volume of grammatical material, its structure and teaching in monolingual (Bulgarian-speaking) and bilingual environment. The features of communicative grammar for bilinguals are outlined in view of the goal of teaching, namely learners to master skills and practice to form and use grammatically correct and communicatively appropriate utterances.
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The present paper is aimed at exploring the effectiveness of a cross-year individual peer-tutoring program in improving pronunciation and fluency of ten students from a Technical Degree Program (TSU) in Specialized Tourism Services who attended a series of language tutoring sessions provided by a sophomore of Modern Languages majoring in English teaching. Data come from different sources (audio files, observation, questionnaire, written reflection) and involve all the participants (researcher, tutor, tutees) for triangulation. The research findings showed benefits to all parties involved. The students improved their oral sub-skills, the student-teacher’s instruction was effective and also helped the tutees to become aware of their learning process, feel more self-confident and less anxious at the moment of speaking. Such evidence also denotes that the tutor enhanced her teaching skills by acting as advisor as well, confirming the assumptions the author of the present study made when reviewing the literature.
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The article focuses on the explicit teaching of language used to express agreement and disagreement in the popular English language coursebooks English File and Navigate. It reviews the current research on teaching various aspects of polite language and politenesssensitive speech acts and analyses and compares the explicitly taught phrases of agreement and disagreement in the two selected coursebook series, as well as the methods of their presentation and the amount of background theoretical information provided to students and teachers to facilitate their proper usage. Differences were identified not in the inventories and language representation of the explicitly taught phrases, but mainly in the background support available for students and teachers on their usage.
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