Темпоралната система на румънския език

Author(s): Bilyana Mihaylova / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 104/2019

This study was carried out within the framework of the research project “Balkan languages as an emanation of the ethno-cultural community on the Balkans (verb typology)”. Its purpose is to elaborate a description of the tense system of the Romanian verb in the indicative mood. This description will serve as the basis for a contrastive study of the verbal systems of the languages of the Balkan Linguistic Union, which will be developed by a team of linguists in the next stages of the project.

Тенденции в (не)граматикализацията на старобългарския глагол мощи ʼмога, в състояние съм’

Author(s): Tatyana Slavova / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 3/2015

The article studies two opposite tendencies in the development of the modal verb мощи (meaning ‘can, be able toʼ – on the one hand, its non-grammaticalization into grameme for expressing periphrastic future tense, and on the other, its grammaticalization into a grameme for expressing periphrastic prohibitive. The issue is discussed in the context of Old Bulgarian writing and the history of Bulgarian language as well as in comparison with other Indo-European languages.

Тенденции в развитието на образованието по класически езици и класическа древност на Балканите (Гърция, Македония, Сърбия, Румъния)

Author(s): Mirena Slavova,Yoana Sirakova,Boris Vounchev,Luyba Radilova / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 2/2016

This paper shows the outcomes of a study carried out at the Department of Classical Philology at the Faculty of Classical and Modern Philology in Sofia University, dealing with latest trends in classical education in the Balkan area. It aims to outline some crucial characteristics of teaching and learning ancient languages, history and culture in secondary and higher education in the countries of the Balkan Peninsula. Emphasis is put on the different ways by which different educational systems face the challenges in harmonizing their own national features with both the new development and research tendencies in classics and the new generations’ requirements. In all the countries surveyed, a central issue comes to the fore: education in classics turns out to be a strong medium for actualizing both the common European identity of diverse nation hoods and the countries’ own national distinctiveness.

Тенденции в създаването на прессъобщения за новите медии

Author(s): Yordan Karapenchev / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 6/2019

The article offers analysis of 100 press releases, chosen according to the method of maximum variation (heterogeneous sampling), described by M. Patton. The research is referring to the work of J. Nilsen, who outlines three key characteristics of texts in the new media –compactness, segmentation and hypertextuality, and examines whether the same characteristics can be observed in the chosen type of copywriting texts, created for the needs of IMC – the press releases. The research shows that the three tendencies, described by J. Nilsen are all present in copywriting texts as well.

Тенденция к оптимальной организации системы видовых парадигм в русском языке

Author(s): Vladimir D. Klimonov / Language(s): Russian / Issue: 1/2018

The reorganization of the initial system of aspect paradigms in Old Russian is investigated within the framework of the theory of natural grammar. It is claimed, in accordance with this theory, that the grammatical changes in morphological systems of natural languages are determined by a limited set of typologically relevant markedness principles (naturalness principles or preference laws). These principles explain the attested diachrony of grammatical changes in the system of aspectual paradigms of the Russian verb and predict the general direction in its development. During the historical development of the system of aspectual paradigms in Russian, optimal iconic perfectivizing paradigms are ousting non-optimal countericonic imperfectivizing paradigms as well as non-optimal non-iconic aspectual syncretic paradigms. In contemporary Russian, aspectual paradigms of perfectivization are preferable in terms of competitive aspectual paradigms of imperfectivization and syncretic aspectual paradigms. The share of optimal paradigms of perfectivization is constantly increasing in modern Russian. Consequently, there is direct evidence for the development of the system of Russian aspect paradigms towards optimal organization of aspect paradigms, i.e. towards economy.

Теоретико-приложни проблеми на съвременната тюркология

Author(s): Milena Yordanova / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 5/2017

Теоретични и методологични проблеми на българската историческа лингвистика (Предвъзраждане и Възраждане)

Author(s): Diana Ivanova / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 1/2017

Теоретични и приложни аспекти на реторичния подход в училищното езиково образование

Author(s): Vladimir Nischeta / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 5/2015

In the article is considered the stratagem of rhetorical approach to language teaching as a psychological and pedagogical condition of forming of rhetorical competence of pupils in the process of language education. There have been presented the conception of rhetorical approach (strategic idea, principle, categorical apparatus). The implementation of rhetorical approach in school language education is realized by means of using rhetorization on the levels of educational process, subject and task.

Теоретични основи на „Речник на френските думи в българския език“

Author(s): Dimitar Vesselinov / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 3/2016

The article presents theoretical foundations of the dictionary of French words in Bulgarian language. Special attention is paid to Lexicographical principles, macro- and microstructure of the dictionary.

Теорията на лексикалните функции на И. Мелчук и прилагането є за изучаване на съчетаемостта в съпоставителен план

Author(s): Palmira Legurska / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 3/2016

The paper discusses the application of the semantic parameter ‘abstract general sense’. This parameter can have various verbal materialization depending on the head of the phrase. Contrastive exemplifications from Russian and Bulgarian are applied. The methodology is particularly relevant for the active command of languages.

Терминологическая оппозиция турецкий – тюркский в болгарском и французском языке

Author(s): Dimitar Vesselinov,Milena Yordanova / Language(s): Russian / Issue: 6/2016

The terminology opposition Turkish – Turkic has a specific history on the way to its establishment as a conventional dichotomy in modern linguistics. Its origin is related to the process of forming of the new Turkish language as an independent language system and defining as an official national language of Turkey after the start of a republican form of government.

Терминология в палеославистике и создание сети между существующими цифровыми корпусами

Author(s): Anisava Miltenova / Language(s): Russian / Issue: 18/2018

The paper discusses problems and points of view related to set up networking between Scripta Bulgarica project (http://www.scripta-bulgarica.eu/bg), Repertorium of Old Bulgarian literature and letters (http://repertorium.obdurodon.org/), and also other corpuses (e.g. Codex Suprasliensis from the 10th century: http://suprasliensis.obdurodon.org/, etc.) for further improvement of linking between data bases. The proposed networking will connect transcribed texts with terminology in palaeoslavistics, and other on-line resources, such as electronic editions of individual sites, electronic dictionaries, encyclopedias, bibliographic arrays and so on. The networking will decided a number of problems that can not yet solve in a satisfactory way. The results will be useful not only for the palaeoslavists but also for librarians, teachers, and students, representatives of mass media and the general public interested in Slavic literacy.

ТЕРМІНОЛОГІЧНА ДІЯЛЬНІСТЬ ISO/TC 37 LANGUAGE AND TERMINOLOGY

Author(s): Oksana Tur / Language(s): Ukrainian / Issue: 1/2018

Purpose of article is an identification of the activities of ISO / TC 37 Language and Terminology and its working groups. The methodology of the research is to apply a descriptive method based on the opposition and the adoption of subjective interpretation, which allowed the determination of the directions of activity ISO / TC 37 Language and Terminology. The scientific novelty of the work is the author’s desire to identify the main areas of activity of the subcommittees and working groups ISO / TC 37. Conclusions. The study of the activities of the International Organization for Standardization will help to harmonize private normative acts (standards). The article will attract the attention of the specialists of the branch of sciences of the documentary-communication cycle.

ТЕСТИРАЊЕ У НАСТАВИ ИТАЛИЈАНСКОГ ЈЕЗИКА –СТУДЕНТСКА ПЕРСПЕКТИВА

Author(s): Dragana Mirčić Panić / Language(s): Serbian / Issue: 69/2019

After a short theoretical introduction, this essay presents a research based on the idea of a student as an active participant, a subject in the teaching-learning process. The goal of the first questionnaire was to find the most relevant aspects of foreign language learning from the student’s perspective, while the second question- naire led us to findings about elements which, in students’ opinions, an exam should include. The resulting data were processed by the method of frequency analysis and then compared. The inconsistency of the answers from the two questionnaires confirms our starting hypothesis that on the one hand, students stress the ability to communicate successfully, i.e. to understand and speak the language in question, as the most important aspect of foreign language learning, while on the other hand, they associate testing to a lesser extent with these complex skills, expressing a remarkable tendency towards a fragmented and analytical perception of language in the course of determining the degree of the acquisition of language knowledge.

Технология формирования гипертекстовой компетенции в контексте обучения иностранным языкам в ВУЗе

Author(s): Natalia Severova,Dana Bartosh,Maria Kharlamova,Elena Stoyanova / Language(s): Russian / Issue: 6/2020

The article is devoted to the problem of developing students’ skills and abilities to work with hypertext as the main information unit in the information society. The purpose of this article is to substantiate the need for targeted training of students to work with hypertext in the target language and to develop a technology for the formation of hypertext competence in the context of teaching foreign languages. The basis for identifying the specifics of hypertext and determining the constituent components of hypertext competence was the reliance on systemic and typological approaches using methods: analysis, synthesis, comparison and generalization. Theoretical and methodological analysis of domestic and foreign scientific literature in combination with empirical methods (observation, questioning) made it possible to substantiate the need to develop students’ skills and abilities to work with hypertext, to study the experience of students with texts of this type and to develop a technology for the formation of hypertext competence. In order to test the hypothesis put forward and the effectiveness of the developed technology for the formation of hypertext competence in teaching a foreign language, experimental training was carried out. In the course of the study, the specifics of hypertext were determined from the point of view of linguistics and linguodidactics, and the components of hypertext competence were identified. Based on the experience of students working with hypertext, difficulties were identified and the main tasks of targeted training in working with these texts were identified, the result of which is the formation of hypertext competence. Hypertext is a modern informational phenomenon, the ability to work with which is becoming key today both in the professional and everyday spheres. Possession of hypertext competence allows you to rationally use external sources to obtain additional information, design an individual information space and thus contribute to the creation of your own educational trajectory. The developed technology for the formation of hypertext competence involves phase-by phase training in working with hypertext. This technology relies on the experience of working with “traditional” text, but taking into account the specifics of hypertext, and focuses on mastering a new strategy for working with information.

Типология неизосемических реализаций пропозиционального аргумента (на материале польского и русского языков)*. Часть 2

Author(s): Aleksander Kiklewicz / Language(s): Russian / Issue: 3/2019

The subject of the article is non-izosemic syntactic realizations of propositionalarguments as components of sentence content, implicated by the lexical verb meaningin the position of predicate according to its valence predisposition. A linguistic analysisand description is based on the functional syntactic theory, especially on the explicativesyntactic theory, whose foundations were worked out by S. Karolak, as well as the Polishschool of semantic syntax. The author has identified and analysed in the aspect of functionalsyntax the following types of syntactic transformations: implication, separation(replacement), loose connection, self-empowerment, conversion, blending, restructuring,simplification (creation of compact groups), transposition and definitization. The materialis served by simple and complex sentences excerpted from the texts as well as the languagecorpora in the Polish and Russian languages; the information is sometimes referredto other languages (for example, English). Describing the full/discrete and incomplete/indiscreet syntactic representations of propositional arguments, the author takes intoaccount three aspects: meaning (semantic function), form (belonging to the grammaticalclass) and syntactic position (of the verb, of the noun, independent and others).

Типология неизосемических реализаций пропозиционального аргумента (на материале польского и русского языков). Часть 1

Author(s): Aleksander Kiklewicz / Language(s): Russian / Issue: 2/2019

Титрологични лексикални стратегии в случая „Елена Поптодорова“ в българската преса

Author(s): Vasil Koinarev / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 2/2017

Results from a research on titrological lexical strategies in periodicals, describing Elena Poptodorova’s cream theft from a Polish airport, is presented in this article. The case has been covered by our media for 3 weeks now. 22 newspapers have been used for the purpose of this research – national and regional daily and monthly ones. Only titles, containing the word ‘Elena Poptodorova’ have been taken into account.

Топонимика западного побережья Чудского, Теплого и Псковского озер в аспекте оппозиции “свой” – “чужой”

Author(s): Valentina Shchadneva / Language(s): Russian / Issue: -/2018

The article is devoted to toponyms of the western coast of Lake Peipus, Lake Teploe and Lake Pskov. Firstly, the article discusses the names of the villages in which the Old Believers live. Two ways in which the idea of “own”–“alien” is realized in toponyms are considered. In the first case we are talking about interaction, about the mutual influence of languages: Estonian geographical names are russified, adapted grammatically and phonetically (Raja — Ра́я / Раюша / Ра́юши), and Russian ones are estonified (Воронья́ — Ва́рнья / Varnja). The “alien” is assimilated and eventually becomes “own”, which means the realization of the idea of “own“–“alien” in the language itself. In the second case we are talking about the use of toponyms in everyday communication. Speech practice shows that the Russian population of the coast uses place names depending on the addressee, but preference is given primarily to Russians, as well as long-adapted Estonian-born nominations that are perceived as their own. This is an ethno-confessional identity.

Топонімотвірний формант як виразник темпоральності ойконіма

Author(s): Vira Kotovicz / Language(s): Ukrainian / Issue: 3/2018

The author stresses the fact that the time is anthropocentric: in the language and in the culture it is perceived through the prism of human life. Two ways of reading time in oikonyms are identified as the most important: the examination of proper names of settlements with components old and new, and the word building analysis, in which time correlates with the oikonym building model, which is characteristic of a specific period of the society development. In the research the author focuses her attention on the second of these ways. It has been noted that taking the oikonym building formant into consideration, we can single out oikonyms of the old Ukrainian (princely) period; names of the settlements of the old Ukrainian epoch (XIV−XVII centuries); oikonyms of the new Ukrainian time (late ХVІІІ–ХІХ centuries). In the names of the settlements of the postwar period of the XX century, which appeared as a result of renaming, and in the names of the settlements of the early XXI century with renovated former or assigned modern names, the suffix is not an indication of temporality. Extra lingual information contributes to time establishing of these names. It has been clarified that possessives with formants *-jь (*-j-а, *-j-е), -ів (<*-ovъ), -ин (<*-inъ); names-pluratives with formants -ичі (<*-іtj-i), -ани/ -яни (<*-any/*-jany), -івці (<*-оvьci), -инці (<*-inьci); oikonyms with formants -ськ /-цьк (<*-ьskъ), -н (<*-ьn), -ець (<*-ьcь), -иця (<*-ic-a) are the explicators of the ancient period of founding and naming settlements. At the same time the presence of the formant -івк-а, -к-а, -иха, -(щ)ин-а in an oikonym is an indication that the name of the settlement is new. It has been stressed that linguistic data can have a claim on objectivity only in combination with extra lingual (historical, cultural) information. New names could be formed by archaic pattern, so the suffix in them performed only a formal function and was a means of toponymisation. Single oikonyms with the latest formants appeared also in ancient documents, that is why it is inappropriate to categorically state the impossibility of founding such names in the Middle Ages or even earlier. It has been stated that modern oikonyms have undergone many modifications; suffixes were changed the most; that is why only the synchronous and diachronic analysis of onym enables the real-time vision of founding and naming a settlement. It has been proved that time as an important aspect of human consciousness, determined by the mother tongue and the national culture, leaves epoch colouring unique for each ethnos in the names of settlements.