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The article presents the results of the analysis of reports on the state of school libraries in Lviv in the years 1921-1939. The library catalogues were analysed in terms of quality and quantity to show the collection structure in public schools and gymnasiums in Lviv. A particular attention was drawn to the presence of belles-lettres, school and religious books. In the 1920s and 1930s school libraries, founded according to school profile, became the important element in organization of educational process. The vast majority of collections were educational books. Occasionally school libraries were endowed with textbooks according to the Ministry of Education and Upbringing instruction from 1925. The establishment of school libraries intended to limit youth access to public libraries and to strengthen surveillance over reading materials. The authors list and book titles give only an overall outline of youth reading interests. It can be claimed that the authorities tried to influence the reading tastes through an appropriate selection of Polish and foreign literature.
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An important role in the education and upbringing of students of Galician schools in the early 20th century was played by reading rooms and students’ scientific clubs. The students’ organisation called “Students’ Reading Room” was home to scientific and cultural activity. What began as a place which hosted a collection of books and magazines gave rise to scientific and art clubs, and these played a great role in the process of self-education. Under the guidance of teachers, students were able to expand their knowledge and gather new information by studying the library collections. At a higher level they were encouraged to refer to more specialized literature. Thus, these organisations contributed to developing interests and shaping literary trends among young students. Another aspect of the cultural activity of reading rooms was amateur theatrical performances staged on different occasions.
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The process of transition of Bosnian society completely influenced the state of archival service in Bosnia and Herzegovina. There are many consequences of the direct impact of the transition movement on the fate of current records. From the very beginning of the transition there was a continuing threat of archival values, which dictated the need for organized action of all participants in the process of an adequate system of protection of registry and archival material. Full control of state archives was possible only by establishing a functioning system of protection of archive material in all its stages. This includes a valid compatible legal framework, as well as personnel, technological and material equipment for archives. Only in this way we can interrupt existing uncertainty and complexity of archival issues in Bosnia and Herzegovina.
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A very important factor in the performance of archival activities is represented by a valid legal regulations. In the transition period the old legislation was in effect, but it did not correspond to that time. Act of archival activity in the area of Tuzla Canton was passed in 2000, which is in our opinion a positive effect on overall relations in the archives. Dayton administrative structure of Bosnia and Herzegovina has adopted a number of problems regarding the archival activities in general, and in particular the current records of, especially as a result of disruption of pre-war archival network. An examination of the state of current records of the administrative bodies has been found that in a number of registriess are missing a very valuable structure (building, technical approaches, project documentation, etc.). In order to ensure better performance protection of registry materials it is necessary to numerically improve staff of the External Service of an archive, then constantly educate people who work on the handling of records is insistence on constant implementation of penal provisions for the negligent treatment of registry material (including responsible persons), or in case of working illegally. In addition, there must be a more constructive role of archivists in legislative drafting and professional standards for the protection of archives.
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The basic intention of this article is to show major changes in organization and activity of Croatian archival service in transitional period. Changes were caused by the transformation of social and political system. What is the most important for the Archives is that public ownership became state ownership and than was turned into private one. So numerous of corporate and other private subjects that were before 1990 in public ownership now are, together with their archives, privat. Relations to private archives are not the only novelty. In order to solve this new situation and protect archives it was necessary to change Archival Law and other implemental regulations. That was prior condition for our further prosperous work.
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In the paper on the ground several times we met difficulties that must be properly assessed and addressed. Most often these problems are associated with inadequate storage space for storing registry and archival materials, lack of personnel to care for the material (particularly in small businesses) and the lack of funds. When these problems appear rarely we can act quickly and solve problems: mostly in the minutes created during a visit we evaluate the situation, with the grade we introduce responsible and responsible person, advise and suggest appropriate solutions, most in fact have to do with education of archivists. The more workers and management of the company are trained to work with the registry and archival material, the greater awareness and concern for the material. This is a bet that a long-term pays off and certainly brings results.
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The article begins by talking about the scope of work of the Archives of Bosnia and Herzegovina from which it is clear that the current focus is placed on the outside of the service, reading room work and supply of legal and physical entities data available to the Archives of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Also in this section talks about the type of income that ABH achieved, and shall be made and a short review of those activities for the execution of which Britain possible payment of services rendered. In the second part of the emphasis is placed on the opportunities that exist in accordance with the law to charge the performance of particular services. This refers to the possible expansion of certain activities and modernization of equipment that would be necessary to achieve the appropriate level of technical equipment. Unfortunately, the lack of financial resources prevents any significant investments in this area, where the only option remaining donations, which was in the previous period was often the case.
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This paper gives an overview of the possibilities for market operations archival institutions in the case of the Provincial Archives of Koper. The author points out that the archives as public institutions in the field of culture who perform public service in accordance with archival legislation required to implement professional measures to protect the archive material as cultural written heritage. The archive material as written cultural heritage has multiple functions, for the purposes of science and culture, but also for the needs of society and the individual in order to achieve their rights. Archives therefore operate as public institutions and their work is based on respect for the legislation in the field of public service. In the process of securing the necessary conditions for the work obligations are falling to the founders. In Provincial Archives of Koper, as well as other archives in Slovenia, it is the Ministry of Culture of the Republic of Slovenia. The author of the work opens up the possibility that, in accordance with the provisions of PDAAIA and other positive regulations create legal conditions to the archives of the market secured some funding. In this sense, given the legal requirements of such a possibility, and pointed to the possibility of market operations archives, where they provide numerous examples and alternatives. With good organizational structure although legally limiting, it is still possible in this area to do something more for the archive
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Effect of archives in Bosnia and Herzegovina since the establishment of the same to this day followed by lack of funds, space, equipment and personnel for the smooth functioning of the same. In the last decade of the twentieth and beginning of the XXI century before the archives were placed new challenges in the area of increased involvement in protecting and taking over archival materials as a result and consequence of transition processes in society. One of the challenges encountered by archival service in Bosnia and Herzegovina is reflected in the necessity of finding a solution to part of the need and the obligation to establish information systems protection and use of the tracks on the new carriers of information. All this is from the archives put many issues, the resolution of which is in addition to the expertise and knowledge, financial resources meant for the purchase of archival and information equipment, facilities, personnel, etc. Therefore, this paper aims to present positive experiences on this front had Archives of Tuzla Canton, in part extrabudgetary upgrades, and thanks to which not only performed basic, but is largely made upgrading institutions and activities in the area of professional, scientific, cultural, educational, scientific research and publishing activities.
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This paper shows that in the era of rapid growth of technological advances (computerization and the Internet), in villages in Serbia, most farmers have neither computers at their homes nor Internet access. This fact indicates that farmers are excluded from the modern electronic flow of information and announcing, and a lot of important information does not reach them as endusers. Also, farmers are unable to educate and improve professionally, to visit fairs, seminars, lectures due to their poor financial situation. Public Library Radislav Nikcevic in Jagodina, Serbia, having perceived the issue of rural population in villages of the municipality of Jagodina, learned the needs of agricultural producers for fundamental changes. Also, Public Library in Jagodina, based on the research conducted in 2008 and 2009 in the villages in the territory of Jagodina, generated the idea that rural libraries must take an active role in creating new models of changes in the local community. The need for modernization of agricultural production imposed the need to modernize rural libraries through introduction of new services which would be in the function of social, economic and cultural status of rural population. Following the example of modern libraries of 21st century, the concept of modern rural libraries was designed. The Public Library in Jagodina decided to revitalize four rural libraries in the territory of Jagodina and introduce new library services which promoted rural libraries as information and cultural centers of local communities through the project called AgroLib-Ja (Agricultural Library in Jagodina). The project was funded by EIFL (Electronic Information for Libraries) during 2010 and 2011 and since 2011 Serbian Ministry of Culture has continued funding it. Farmers have learned to come to useful information, to exchange experiences and establish cooperation through certain websites and social networks. Also, they learnt that products could be sold and bought on the Internet. This paper shows that the concept of working with innovative services in rural libraries is sustainable for sharing information and linking farmers, which was proved by the librarians in Latvia, Lithuania and FYROM Macedonia which have adapted the AgroLib project to the needs of their local communities, as well as a growing number of libraries in Serbia that are trying to provide funds for the revitalization of rural libraries in their municipalities. Also, we want to prove that the Internet and social networks have an important role in educating farmer and in agribusiness and marketing.
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Neural network, an artificial intelligence method, is being increasingly used in today’s business as part of the decision making support systems. A key factor in the implementation of the method is the knowledge of the person using the mentioned method which will allow that person to gather adequate research data and interpret them accurately. Understanding and predictions of frequency of user visits are valuable to faculty libraries as they allow for their smooth functioning without creating waiting lists.The aim of this paper is to group students in one of two categories, i.e., according to average number of student visits to the library in the course of one day. The research included continuous and categorical variables, i.e., seven input variables and one output variable for testing of architectures. Two neural network architectures were tested using backpropagation algorithms multilayered perceptron network and the best model was selected. A sensitivity analysis was conducted based on which it was discovered that gender, a possibility to work in the library, and a possibility to use a computer have the strongest influence on the output variable. The results of modelling show that the neural network perceives well the relationship between input and output variables. The model created indicates there is possibility and need for application of artificial intelligence methods in the field of library science. The model can be used for further research in this area providing that certain improvements are made, such as introduction of additional input variables and increase of sample size. Model performance was measured by the total classification rate.
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According to popular opinion, statistics is the sum of incorrect data. However, much can be learned and concluded from statistical reports. In our example of recording statistics in the library of the Faculty of Economics in Osijek the following records are kept: user categories, the frequency of borrowing, the structure of borrowing, use of the reading room, use of the database, etc. Based on these data and statistical processing, the following can be analysed: the total number of users, the number of users by the year of study, by the content of used professional and scientific literature, by the use of serial publications in the reading room, or by the work on computers and database usage. All these data are precious for determining the procurement policy of the library, observing frequency of use of particular categories of professional and scientific literature (textbooks, handbooks, professional and scientific monographs, databases) and determining operation guidelines for library staff.
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After World War II several laws on confiscation, nationalization and other aspects of the taking of the property of its owner were issued. This happened on the Croatian territory. Author marks the funds in which documents about the findings and describes the archival experience in the state archives of Osijek especially in the archival collection center in Vinkovci in the improvement of archival funds in which this documentation is, paying greater attention of archives containing the documentation to prove ownership of the seized property after 1945 in Croatia.
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The new legislation of archival activity did not bring significant changes, but it was greatly enriched by the new regulations, depending on which level of government and which interests have prevailed during the adoption of the Law. The constitutional arrangement of Bosnia and Herzegovina, different interests and a large number of regulations, state, entity and cantonal, they could not guarantee making better regulations. No effort archival service has resulted in the archival activity in Bosnia and Herzegovina regulates almost at all levels fairly good regulations, laws and subordinate. Since the existence of valid regulations and normative order of the profession depends on how much will be duly taken of this industry, what will be kept documentation, whether properly dispose of and retention of documents with holders and creators, and all reached a stage where the preserved archival material needs submit to further the preservation and care of existing archives.
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Legislative and regulatory arrangement of archival activities in our state regulation within the competence of the cantons, entities and the state. Such regulations performing archival activity causes an abundance of legislation in our country in this field. Legal regulations archival service in Bosnia and Herzegovina based on decentralization and in accordance with the system allows all levels of legal regulation of the matter to its needs. However, even though this is regulated in accordance with constitutional processes, it does not mean that it can not be better regulated if it is mutual compliance and more changes that lead to better achievement of common goals and interests. The first and most common goal of all archival institutions in the country is more efficient protection of the entire archives, that of entire historical and cultural treasures in the interest of present and future generations.
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Summarizing thoughts on this topic could be concluded as follows:- Archival service of "Dayton" Bosnia and Herzegovina is decentralized to the extent that it does not represent a unique and organized professional body which would be successfully carried with all professional, organizational and statutory issues before her. To this contributes significantly to non-functioning of the Archives of B&H in its full capacity and presents disintegration forces in the service of the Association of Archivists of B&H, which does not allow it to become a basic factor integrating services and partner countries in these activities.- It is easy to question the status of archival institutions and important strategic question profession, that, in turn, by itself does not solve either an acute problem profession. In practice, everything depends on the understanding of specific officials and on the ability of specific archival collectives to impose solutions that profession offers. However, given the state in which the archival service of Bosnia and Herzegovina, and that is its most acute issue of protection of registry materials, it seems that the status of the archive as an administrative body was much more favorable, mainly due to the inspection jurisdiction which that status have.- Professionalism in performing archival work as a working, professional and even cultural category is without doubt an important flow in proper solving of technical problems, and as such is necessary. However, professionalism, as a term for topicality and high expertise in business, fraught with a number of other issues of space, staffing and other issues archives. Hence, the key to achieving professional archival profession in the hands of the state. However, given the current situation to raise the professionalism at a higher level we have to fight alone: either through the instruments of the system or through the mechanisms of the international community. The condition for this is the existence of a critical mass of professional archival staff freed from political influence.- Autonomy of archival service is not a legal category. Hence, we can speak only about a degree of autonomy which records service must gain from rigid and in itself closed administration. In this relationship of “fighting with the administration" positive result can only come to highly professionalized archival service, and it takes time. Nevertheless, it is expected that the existing archival service unenviable situation will gradually change in favor of the archive service, both because of its permanent rise and due to the growing understanding of the environment.
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Rev. Józef Rokoszny as an eminent theologian of the beginning of the 20th century made substantial contribution to the reconstruction of Polish social life during the World War I and in the years following. Although he was involved in many charitable initiatives he did not neglect scientific work, particularly collecting and making available valuable historical sources that were revealed after centuries in churches and monasteries of Diocese of Sandomierz. Until now the collections of Diocesan Museum in Sandomierz, public and school libraries and collections of National Archive in Radom evidence Rev. Rokoszny’s vast engagement in preservation of historical remains for future generations.
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So, through the aforementioned problems, which are inherent in almost all cantons and in both entities, it can be concluded that pots are not of individual nature, they are not of local character and do not reflect only partial discontent in the field of archival activity. It seems that all archives and all legal entities in the territory of Bosnia and Herzegovina are almost identical in terms of all the shortcomings and theories that follow the archives. It is a encouraging fact that in the time so far it has been able to create the legal basis for further area editing and archiving to the actual purpose of their existence. This optimistic assessment of the current situation is based solely on the following reasons: when considering, what negative political flows and defeating policies, the destructive and deconstructive nature of the former Yugoslavia, with the absolute absence of feelings for real needs, have established a social policy system over the last few decades, and with great confidence in the scientific work of archival workers and their influence on the most responsible structures in the country. On the basis of all this, some steps could be expected to resolve some of these problems in the foreseeable future, although I do not exclude any further stagnation for a certain period.
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On October 3, 2001, there was the opening ceremony of the new Styrian archive of Styria, which with 50,000 normal lengths of archive material is the largest archive of Austrian federal states. The unification of the entire archive material at one central location provided the opportunity for reconstruction and reestablishment of provenance. This was not possible for all the archives, because the composition of individual parts of the archive was very diverse. This "purification of the material" was preceded by the determination of the basic structure for archival material. The State Archives of Styria is divided into two large groups of state archives and land archives, which are oriented to the history of the home and the emergence of these two archival bodies.
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