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The aim of the article is to present the fate of libraries in Afghanistan and to discuss contemporary aspects of work at those libraries. The author analyzes the factors affecting librarian work after the fall of the Taliban regime and the activities of various international and Afghan organizations dealing with the rebuilding of library structures in the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan, with particular emphasis on the role of the Polish Armed Forces. Apart from the modern aspects of the work of librarians in Afghanistan, the specifics of using the collections by women is also presented. Collections and library activities in selected libraries in the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan, including Afghan Digital Library, are described.
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In the years 1996–1999 the civil war raged in Kosovo, which at that time was part of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. Several years after the war, the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia was still giving judgments on crimes against humanity. In addition to the genocide during the war there was libricide – intentional destruction of books, as one of the elements associated with ethnic cleansing. Immediately after the war, actions supposed to reconstruct the lost heritage were taken, which required an enormous commitment of many people. In 2000, a report on the Kosovo Library, a general assessment and a short and medium‑term development plan were created. The document was written through the collaboration of UNESCO, Council of Europe and IFLA. The Kosova Library Mission was created, within which the long-term plan Kosova Library Project 2000+ was proposed. The plan assumes the creation of eleven different programmes related to reconstruction and improvement of the library network.
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Construction of the Service for protection of archives and Registry Materials outside of the Historical Archive of Nis taking place in difficult circumstances caused by the drastic increase in written and other material, political and socio-economic changes and disinterest authorities for promulgation of new regulations in the archival activities, instead of long ago passed Law on cultural property which is no longer able to follow the transformations that have occurred in the last fifteen years. There are also no other laws are not given the provisions and guidelines of what to do with archival material and current records in the cases already poor privatized companies, and a large number of companies that are liquidated or went bankrupt (especially in electronic and mechanical industries). Professionally trained workers in this service are not able to cope with a large number of registered registry (1200) on territorial jurisdiction Archive (city of Nis and seven municipalities of the region).
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The riots that took place in Sarajevo on 7th of February 2014, ruined huge amounts of records of administrative bodies of the Sarajevo Canton and municipality Center. The largest part of the material was destroyed in the fire, and a smaller part was damaged by water used to extinguish fires. Archival material is damaged by water to special attention in saving by employees of the Historical archives of Sarajevo Canton and employees of the municipality Center. Attempts have been made of this material as quickly as dry as they are quickly emerged to attack the fungus. At the speed of drying material greatly influence of temperature and humidity. For ventilation, time plays a big role and luckily the above activities took place in the spring months. although there were a lot of rainy days and high levels of humidity, material is fast drying. Work on saving the soaked material is organized in two shifts, so that this whole process accelerated access to the material and its drying. Reducing the humidity in the premises of the depot through ventilation only makes sense if the absolute humidity of the outside air is less than the room depot. Making drafts by opening windows affects the temperature drop in the depot, and the fungus can not tolerate drafts. it was important not to heat up the room depots, even when the outside temperature is low.
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Identification of medical records would not be needed in terms of the Hippocratic oath, when at least two people must know the diagnosis, such as attending physician and his deduced (head of department) that it has determined that task. If such documentation is kept in anonymized form, without patient names, and led to the way the application of different identifiers, whatever would come directly from the data on it, to which the patient‘s concerns. The purpose of anonymization of health care, not intended for protection of medical personnel, which is already so under oath, but only protects the patient or his „problematic information“ about health. In terms of research for medical purposes have been and never will be problematic to use data because it acts in the direction of new and better ways of treatment and rehabilitation. Anonymization process comes into play, when health data to begin the analytical process for populist purposes and various disclosures by the discrediting of individuals. In short, de-identification of medical documentation would not be required, if it is used only by medical staff (in the field), if the documents dealing with other researchers, must protect the main „actors“ - the patient in his intimate life, what right have all.
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This paper deals with one, for archival conditions, unusually important issues related to the experience of some of the European countries in keeping history (memory) that largely depends on the archival legislations, as an important part of the archivistics. The authors in this work focused on the situationin the Netherlands, a country with a long tradition, starting from the 1888 in the legislative regulation of protection and inventory of archives, with the established principle of primary sources and planning. In addition to the Netherlands, the authors presented experiences of archival profession in Slovakia, Finland, Sweden and Hungary, where they pointed out the components of the legislation and other differences in the archival activities.
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Review of a book answering the question what exactly is information? Gleick takes the reader from the first communication systems such as tom-toms, up to the present day, when we all unconsciously have become experts in everything, and the problem is not the lack of information, but its excess. Gleick mentions some of the forgotten geniuses and visionaries responsible for how we understand the information today and how we use it.
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This publication aims to study and analyze "fabric" architectures in the data center, with task to implement the most effective of them in a real environment. A critical analysis of the data center design using solutions from leading technology companies: Cisco - "FabricPath", Brocade - "VCS Fabric", Juniper - "Qfabric" is made, which allow open parallel access routes to different zones / "PODs". In conclusion, with implementation of a "FabricPath" between access and distribution layers in the data centers design will be achieving flexible, reliable, fast, scalable and highly available network architecture. Ensuring efficiency through simplified provisioning of virtual machines, as well as optimized use of network connectivity is one of the main goals.
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This article concerns some reliability-centered maintenance aspects of complex technical systems [1]. The problems in regard to provision of complex electronic systems with required number and type of spare components needed during it’s operation are analyzed. A method for optimization of the repairable spare components number for such systems when conducting a reliability-centered maintenance is developed and suggested.
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This publication is the result of internal research project to connect virtual data center with external one, analyzing the connection methods and task to implement the most effective of them. A comparative analysis of techniques and technologies used to connect to remote data centers. The main goal is to achieve a high level of flexibility, availability of resources and transparency necessary for offering cloud services in distributed data centers.
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This article presents an overview of the most common methods for modeling the reliability of electronic products. A classification in terms of the information used in modeling is done. Problems and limitations of the methods are discussed. Guidelines for further work are outlined for improvement of the credibility of the obtained estimates of reliability indexes and the ultimate usefulness of the conducted reliability modeling.
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The Open Source movement dates back to the 1980s. Each year the application of Open Source Software grows exponentially in areas of information technology. The purpose of the proposed text is to introduce the reader to the existing texts in Bulgarian, concerning the concept of Open Source and its reception in the Bulgarian library and information field.
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Interest in audiobooks has grown significantly in recent years. Various platforms are emerging that offer audiobooks and new technologies to facilitate their creation and distribution. The paper traces their therapeutic effect on the modern reader who, as a listener, may experience a different feeling while getting to know a certain story. A theoretical comparison is made between the book experience of visual reading and audio playback, and the advantages of modern audiobooks in the context of the bibliotherapy method are pointed out.
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The development of social networking services has given rise to new phenomena in the online environment, influencing not only account functionality but also user behavior. This article focuses on content personalization and user profiling, aiming to characterize and compare these concepts in the context of a specific platform. The main research question addressed in this study is to explore the differences between content personalization and user profiling in social media, particularly on Facebook. The investigation employs methods was critical analysis of the literature. Initially, the definitions of content personalization and user profiling are presented, highlighting key terminological distinctions. Subsequently, the processes involved in these practices are examined, describing the employed methods and mechanisms. The necessary data required for the implementation of these practices is also discussed. Finally, the potential risks as-sociated with these mechanisms within the Facebook network are identified. The analysis reveals that content personalization and user profiling are distinct phenomena with significant implications for the operation of social networking services.
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The main purpose of this article is to present an overview of forms of the pro-motion library and reading one of the thriving cultural institutions in the Łódź Voivodeship, i.e. the District and Municipal Public Library in Kutno. In order to achieve the assumed concept, the initiatives undertaken in 2019–2022 were analyzed. For this, the scientific method of analysis and criticism of literature was used.
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The development of a distinctive form of scientific journalism, known as museography, started in the second half of the 19th c. within the Ukrainian territories of the Russian Empire. This article aims to explore how financial, industrial, political, sociocultural, and intellectual factors influenced the development of museography in Ukraine in the late 19th and early 20th c. The article describes the impact of political, economic, and sociocultu- ral changes in the Russian Empire during this period, particularly their influence on the evolution of museography as a specialized branch of scientific literature. It is shown how internal reforms led to an expanded assortment of publications about Ukrainian museums and museum collections and the improvement in their material and scientific quality. It was proved that the key factor in the formation of the national museography was the patriotic spirit of the participants of this process. Despite significant subjective and ob- jective obstacles, it is possible to argue that the global outlook of individuals engaged in museographic practices played a fundamental role in the emergence and development of museography on the Ukrainian territories of the Russian Empire.
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The paper is devoted to analysis of the phenomenon of collectingarchival materials by museums. The Zwoleń Regional Museum servesas a case study.
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Studies on the history of libraries as a research field within a domain of the French historiographic tradition first appeared towards the end of the 1980s. Its theoreti- cal underpinnings were in fact provided by the existing studies on the history of books and the founding works by Henri-Jean Martin (1924–2007). Despite a sizeable number of publications following the publication of the Histoire des bibliothèques françaises (Paris, 1988–1992, 4 vols.), this particular research area somehow failed to take advantage of the dynamics generally attributed to works on the history of books. Largely focusing on institutional and present-day issues, a substantial portion of the study on the history of libraries continued for a long time to be isolated and dominated by library-based authors only. A change in this situation came as late as the first decade of the 21st century and was greatly influenced by the works of the recently deceased historian Frédéric Barbier (1952–2023). Since that time, we have been witnessing a significant widening of perspec- tives, very much in line with the wish expressed by F. Barbier himself in his Histoire des bibliothèques en Occident (ed. I, Paris, 2013). This area of research (history of libraries) attracts interests of more and more researchers and has become a transnational domain at the pan-European level. The present research study documents these cultural and timeless transitions (challenging the perceived divisions between the Middle Ages and the Ancien Régime, and the Ancien Régime and modern times), and thus becoming multidisciplinary as well as interdisciplinary studies that integrate a number of disciplines (political history, social history, history of culture, architecture, etc.). At the same time, research on the history of libraries retains a strong relationship with studies on the history of books and media. The position and standing of libraries, that went through profound transforma- tions due to both cuts in their budgets and the implications of the digital revolution in the first years of the 21st century, seems to be endangered, both as an institution and a place. However, their purpose in modern democracy is not outdated and they still perform an sig- nificant mission by making it possible for all to have equal access to cultural resources and media. Libraries provide non-vertical mediation (i.e. cataloguing and metadata creation, classification and storage ...), that is still essential to make data and documents available. They continue to accommodate in one cultural space – that becomes more and more comfortable and friendly – both readers and visitors that learn to “live together” within this space, conforming at the same time to applicable rules and regulations. Despite their seemingly disadvantageous situation, one may though assume that modern libraries will continue to provide fresh and stimulating material for historical research for long years to come.
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