Этносоциоэкосистемный подход к оценке жизнедеятельности коренных малочисленных народов Севера

Author(s): Vladimir Grigoryevich Loginov,Margarita Nikolayevna Ignatyeva,Valery Vasilyevich Balashenko / Language(s): Russian Issue: 3/2018

The regions of the Russian North occupy 70 % of the territory of the country. These areas considerably differ in the level of socio-economic development. Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug (KhMAO) — Yugra is the most developed industrial region of the Russian North. KhMAO is also the main supplier of oil and gas resources. Thus, KhMAO is the focus of the research. The purpose of the paper is to evaluate how the traditional natural resource management transforms on the developing territories and to assess its impact on the lifehoods of the Small Indigenous Peoples of the North (SIPN). The study is based on the hypothesis of the negative impact of industrial development on the territory of the traditional residence of SIPN and, accordingly, on their social and economic development and the quality of life. We have found certain intraregional distinctions of this territorial subject of the Federation. These differences are caused by the features of natural and resource potential, transport security and geographical location. It is true for both the separate municipal entities and larger territorial and administrative sub-regions. We have identified the most acute problems in the development of traditional natural resource management on the territories of active industrial and transport development. The main industries there are reindeer breeding and fishery. We also identified the problem of the northern legislation set up to protect the rights of SIPN. The paper considers the evolutionary changes in the formation of the institution of ancestral domains and the territories of traditional natural resource management, as well as the practice of coordinating the interests of subsoil users and SIPN’s representatives with the help of economic agreements. We have demonstrated the problem associated with the difficulties of social adaptation of SIPN. We have analyzed the ecological situation and current state of traditional environmental management to compare the conditions of municipal entities of the region. Using ethnic social and ecosystem approach, we have evaluated the lifehoods of SIPN in the developed and poorly developed regions of KhMAO. The results of the assessment support the hypothesis of the research. The findings of the research can be used when working out on the roadmap of the development of traditional industries and SIPN in the municipal districts of various development level.

Это случилось дважды: межрегиональная диффузия в Центральной Европе, Восточной Европе и Леванте в период от 60 до 30 тысяч лет назад

Author(s): Gilbert Tostevin / Language(s): Russian Issue: 1/2000

Across western Eurasia, newly published radiometric dates have given more support to the interpretation that the phenomenon of the Middle to Upper Paleolithic (MP-UP) transition had a southeast to northwest geographic progression. This paper presents the preliminary results of a research project which investigates the significance of this apparent temporal and geographic trend by determining where, when, and how the technological behaviors which created the material culture of the MP-UP transition appeared across western Eurasia, specifically between Central Europe, Eastern Europe, and the Levant. By addressing the diachronic patterns of technological behavior evidenced in 18 archaeological assemblages dated between 60,000 and 30,000 years before present, this research tests the hypotheses of in situ behavioral change versus behavioral diffusion as the dominant process by which the MP-UP transition appeared in each region. The approach espoused here is a unique treatment of this subject because, by sampling assemblages within a specific time frame and applying a standardized analytical structure to all cases, it avoids the assumption that assemblages must fall within a priori categories such as «MP», «Transitional», or «UP». Numerous scholars’ approaches to lithic analysis are combined to identify each flint knapping behavior within the technological spectrum of stone tool creation and use, beginning with the selection of the raw material to be used as a core and ending with the resharpening and eventual discard of the retouched artifacts. The resulting description of each lithic operational sequence constitutes the behavioral signature for each assemblage. These behavioral signatures are compared within each region as they appear through time to determine the intra-regional sequence of behavioral change. Through a comparison of the intra-regional sequences, the model hypotheses are tested by an assessment of the goodness of fit between the inter-regional diachronic patterns of behavioral change and model expectations derived from a combination of archaeological, history of science, and social anthropological theory concerning the problem of distinguishing examples of diffusion from independent innovation. The results of this research demonstrate the existence of two diffusion events across these three regions, one between 46-42,000 BP and another between 36-32,000 BP. The first event, labeled the «Bohunician Behavioral Package,» appears first in the Levant in the assemblage of Boker Tachtit level 1 at 47/46 kya, subsequently in Central Europe in the Bohunician assemblages of Stránská skála IIIa at 41 kya, and finally in Eastern Europe in the assemblage from Korolevo II Complex II at 38 kya. Due to the lack of antecedents in each region and the high number of similar knapping options used throughout the operational sequences evidenced at these three disparate sites, parsimony favors the conclusion that all of these assemblages possess the same, intrusive behavioral package as part of their operational sequence. This «Bohunician Behavioral Package» appears not to have greatly influenced the subsequent development of the Upper Paleolithic in each region (save perhaps in the Levant) due to the subsequent arrival of the diffusion event bearing the «Aurignacian Behavioral Package» between 36-32,000 BP. This two-event process in the historical development of the Upper Paleolithic in these regions highlights the importance of investigating cultural process through culture historical research. While not confirming the Out of Africa Hypothesis for the origin of anatomically modern humans as both diffusion events may be the result of either population movement or the diffusion of isolated behaviors, the fact that these regions witnessed behavioral discontinuity is consistent with that model.

ЭФФЕКТ «СОБЫТИЙНЫХ ШОКОВ» КАК ИНСТРУМЕНТ РЕГИОНАЛЬНОГО БРЕНДИНГА (НА ПРИМЕРЕ КЕЙСА РЕСПУБЛИКИ ТАТАРСТАН)

Author(s): R. Sharipova,L. Achmedianova / Language(s): Russian Issue: 2/2015

The article focuses on the role and the importance of branding in enhancing the competitiveness and development of the region. The authors systematize certain scientific interpretations of this category. The paper studies the analysis of the impact of a mega-event on the city image.

Эффективность обращения малообеспеченных семей в социально ориентированные некоммерческие организации

Author(s): V.A. Aleksandrovna / Language(s): Russian Issue: 2/2014

Devoted article is of The to the analysis of the efficiency of Families Appeal for assistance to the NGOs as with an Attempt to tackle the Difficult situation The the living s. The level of interaction between state and non governmental sectors dealing with rendering assistance to population is analyzed.

Эхо партийного менеджмента: доверие московской молодёжи к Государственной Думе Российской Федерации

Author(s): Sergej Fedorčenko,Sergej Mjakotin / Language(s): Russian Issue: 1/2016

The article is based on the results of sociological research of the youth from the city of Moscow. The analysis showed that there is some duality in Moscow youth’s opinions in relation to the State Duma of the Russian Federation. The researchers concluded that in contrast to public sector employees, who support the political course of the current president and are ready to vote for the party „United Russia”, young people from the private sector are more interested in politics, although their criticism of parliamentarism. However, young people from the public sector are less interested in politics and endorses to a greater or lesser extent the work of the State Duma of Russia, believing that it represents the interests of ordinary people.

Юбилеен 35-ти конгрес на Германското общество по социология

Author(s): Teodora Karamelska / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3-4/2010

SCIENTIFIC EVENTS

Юбилеен портрет на проф. д-р Гинка Димитрова

Author(s): Nely Boiadjieva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2017

Юбилей на Людмила Н. Виноградова

Author(s): Svetlana M. Tolstaya / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2016

Anniversary

Юбилейна изложба на Васил Гарнизов „Антропология и фотография. 60 години в 60 снимки“

Author(s): Magdalena Elchinova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2019

Юбилейна кръгла маса на ЦХН „25 години хуманитарно знание в БСУ - история и перспективи"

Author(s): Kalina Lukova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2016

Юбилейна международна университетска конференция “130 години предучилищно образование в България”

Author(s): Reni Hristova-Kotseva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2012

Юбилейният сборник като живяна история

Author(s): Erica Lazarova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2015

Юбилейно издание на националния съвет на БЧК „Сто и четиридесет години Български Червен кръст”

Author(s): Nadka K. Milanova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2019

Including in a compact and synthesized form enormous historical and present day materials the authors elaborate them in text of precised scientific style, also applying modern forms of contacts with the readers. Presented work is original, well grounded and visualized. It successfully reveals the impressive panorama of the development and activity of the Bulgarian Red cross since the foundation of the first local society till our days. The structure includes 50 topics, combining scientific text with over 1000 visualized objects: documents, photos, symbols, post cards etc. They were drown out from museums, from collections of different archives incl. those of BRC. There is a rich bibliography and translation in English. The book was made in an artistic lay with many coloured photos, stiff binding.

Юджийн Гарфийлд – гигантът на научната информация (1925 – 2017)

Author(s): Svetla Baykoucheva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3/2017

Юдите във Веда Словена – демиурзи и медиатори

Author(s): Plamen Bochkov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 15/2017

The article reports data concerning Juda Fairies as a specific type of evil mythical nymphs in the two volumes of Veda Slovena and places them within the context of folklore – song and prose – of the Pirin Mountain region. The analysis focusses on some of the most representative texts mentioning Juda Fairies in Veda Slovena and Tales of the Juda Fairies in the archive of Stefan Verkovic. The conclusion is that Juda Fairies have a special place in both collections of papers and their basic functions are those of progenitors, demiurgs and mediators. The specific traits of the Juda Fairies present them as unique creatures in Bulgarian folklore while also providing parallels with other folk characters in the region with similar or even analogous functions.

Южни крайгранични територии — природа, население, стопанство, бизнес

Author(s): Antoanela Staneva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 6/1992

Южнославянские влияния в украинском диалекте с. Булаешты (зона Орхейских Кодр) и проблема их интерпретации

Author(s): Aleksey A. Romanchuk / Language(s): Russian Issue: 5/2009

The paper presents some results of ethnographical and linguistic investigations, which have been held since 2004 in micro zone Bulaeshty-Lopatna-Myrzachy (R. Moldova, Orhei dis.) by «Fun Anthropology» Research Center. The main conclusions are that the Bulaesty language is closely connected with some dialects of Ukrainian language from the Carpathian region. There are strong differences between these dialects and Bulaesty dialect as well. These differences show that relations between them disappeared not later than at the beginning of 16th century. On the other hand, we find some influences from the South Slavic languages in Bulaesty dialect which do not exist in Romanian language and some other Ukrainian dialects. So, the author suggests that the only interpretation of this fact is that these influences had their effect before the appearance of medieval Moldavian state. And we should consider that this Bulaesty population is connected by origin with some pre-Moldavian population of this region.

Южнославянските преводи на цикъла на Агапий Ландос „Чудеса Богородични“

Author(s): Desislava Uzunova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 17/2019

The paper examines the history of the South Slavonic translations of the series “Miracles of the Theotokos” – the third part of the Agapios Landos’ collection “Salvation of the sinners,” published in Venice in 1641st. An attempt has been made at clarifying the chronology of the first South Slavonic translation of the collection, made by the Athos’ monk Samuil Bakachich. An attention has been paid on the Joakim Kurchovsky’s translation, made in the beginning of the 19th century, and published in 1817th in Budin.

Юношеската раждаемост като проблем на съвременната динамика на раждаемостта в България

Author(s): Marta Sugareva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1-2/2013

Fertility dynamics during the last decades is analyzed in the paper. The central argument is that teenage fertility in Bulgaria is too high compared to the other European countries, what calls the need for a special policy. The society is misguided with respect to the assessment of fertility trends, as far as the general opinion it that it is too low and decreasing, while in reality it has been increasing during the last decade. The present levels of fertility are at the European medium level. The tendencies are upwards, and the expectation based on some demographic arguments (restructuring of the age distribution of fertility) are that this trend will continue in the future. Nevertheless urgent policy is needed to decrease the teenage fertility. With the present policy the high teenage fertility is a modus of poverty alleviation, preformed rationally in a specific (“traditional”) social setting, typical for some segments of the ethnic Roma population. In these settings young people (teenagers) are being pushed to early childbearing by their extremely poor families as a source of income (provided by social assistance allowances distributed upon the income “per capita”) for the whole family. At the same time these teenagers, who become parents, “drop out” from school, which in turn perpetuates the vicious circle of poverty and early childbearing.

ЮРИДИЧЕСКАЯ КОНСТРУКЦИЯ АФФИЛИРОВАННОСТИ В ГРАЖДАНСКОМ ПРАВЕ

Author(s): Natalia Eduardovna Migukina / Language(s): Russian Issue: 4/2013

The purpose of the study is the analysis of affiliation as a legal construction in civil law. The article investigates the features of affiliation as a civil construction and its value as a theoretical model and as a means of building regulatory material, as well as the role and significance of this legal construction in law making and enforcement.