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МЕСТНО САМОУПРАВЛЕНИЕ НА АВСТРИЯ И БЪЛГАРИЯ
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МЕСТНО САМОУПРАВЛЕНИЕ НА АВСТРИЯ И БЪЛГАРИЯ

Author(s): Konstantin Grigorov / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: XIII/2015

The goal of this analysis is to draw comparisons between the foundations and the organization of local self-government in Federal Republic of Austria and Republic of Bulgaria. The research follows up the term „self-government” as defined by the law theory and the law of the two states. Particular accent has been placed on the municipality as self-governing administrative and territorial unit.

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МЕТОДИЕВИЯТ ПРЕВОД НА НОМОКАНОНА И ВЛИЯНИЕТО МУ ВЪРХУ ЮРИДИЧЕСКАТА ТРАДИЦИЯ НА СЛАВЯНСТВОТО ПРЕЗ СРЕДНОВЕКОВИЕТО

МЕТОДИЕВИЯТ ПРЕВОД НА НОМОКАНОНА И ВЛИЯНИЕТО МУ ВЪРХУ ЮРИДИЧЕСКАТА ТРАДИЦИЯ НА СЛАВЯНСТВОТО ПРЕЗ СРЕДНОВЕКОВИЕТО

Author(s): Mariyana Tsibranska-Kostova / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 14/2014

The article aims at giving a concise overview on the contemporary state of knowledge what were the textual and linguistic peculiarities of the first Slavonic translation of the Nomocanon, made by St. Methodius during the last years of the Moravian mission, and what was its historical influence in the light of the development of the Slavonic juridical tradition from the 9th to the 18th cc.

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МЕТОДОЛОГИЯ ИССЛЕДОВАТЕЛЯ-ЮРИСТА И ПРАКТИКУЮЩЕГО ЮРИСТА: ОБЩЕЕ И ОСОБЕННОЕ

Author(s): Aleksandr Vital'yevich Pogodin,Lidia Leonidovna Sabirova,Liliya Talgatovna Bakulina,Olga Vladimirovna Khusainova / Language(s): Russian / Issue: 6/2015

Legal science lacks any systematic knowledge on the methodology used by researching and practicing lawyers. The paper considers such knowledge as an ideal reference point for lawyers, who have to constantly improve their qualifications, such as to develop their own professional methodology. The conclusion is made that the methodology allows to update the existing knowledge on the object of study and helps the lawyer to become a leading innovator in science and practice.

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Методологията на правната наука и юридическото образование

Методологията на правната наука и юридическото образование

Author(s): Simeon Efimov Groysman / Language(s): Bulgarian / Publication Year: 0

This paper analyzes the different methodological systems used in Bulgarian General legal theory. The choice of methodology is seen as a mean of achievement of the goals of legal education. I accept, that good legal education must prepare legal faculty graduates for the different social roles of modern jurists. In that connection the paper investigates the matter of the “non-legal” knowledge and gives an answer, if the legal education must provide social, political and philosophical knowledge to the students.

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Мястото и ролята на съдилищата в процеса на икономическа и информационна глобализация

Мястото и ролята на съдилищата в процеса на икономическа и информационна глобализация

Author(s): Rositsa Toncheva / Language(s): Bulgarian / Publication Year: 0

The report will present the theoretical foundations of the concept of judicial reform and its practical application in various legal systems. Will be examined index „Rule of Law” as a measure of social and market conditions in various countries. The report will present leading practices in changing the paradigm of legal science and legal system. Based on the research will formulate possible steps to reform Bulgarian judicial system.

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НАКАЗАТЕЛНОПРАВНА ЗАЩИТА СРЕЩУ НЕЗАКОННАТА МИГРАЦИЯ

НАКАЗАТЕЛНОПРАВНА ЗАЩИТА СРЕЩУ НЕЗАКОННАТА МИГРАЦИЯ

Author(s): Slavka Dimitrova / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 1/2019

The article is a review of the sanctions in Bulgarian Criminal Code for illegal migration. It provides a critical review of the amendments in the Criminal Code and currant legislation.

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НАТУРАЛЬНЫЕ ОБЯЗАТЕЛЬСТВА В ГЕРМАНСКОМ ПРАВЕ: ПРОБЛЕМЫ ОПРЕДЕЛЕНИЯ И ТОЛКОВАНИЯ

Author(s): Ludmila Yurievna Vasilevskaya / Language(s): Russian / Issue: 2/2016

This paper considers the features of legal construction of natural obligations in the German law and doctrine. Based on the analysis of different approaches of German civil law scholars to solving the indicated problem, the author justifies their position regarding the legal nature of natural obligations, distinguishing their main features. The paper explains why, in contrast to the classical liabilities, natural obligation is considered as “imperfect obligation” (unvollkommene Verbindlichkeit). Considering the structure of natural obligations, the author singles out the main elements of the right of claim (Forderung), by which it can be realized without judicial compulsion. The paper emphasizes that, in the absence of legislatively envisaged enumeration of grounds for occurrence of natural obligations and their types, a significant role in recognizing a legal relationship as the natural obligation belongs to the doctrine and courts. On the basis of the analysis of the doctrinal sources, two main forms of natural obligations are distinguished: institutional and non-institutional. Their features are considered. Different forms and types of natural obligations indicate a fairly broad approach of the modern German civil law scholars to understanding the essence of natural obligation as of a civil legal obligation or other legal relation based on moral responsibility.

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Некоторые проблемы, стоящие на пути организации судебных экспертиз в Болгарии и России

Некоторые проблемы, стоящие на пути организации судебных экспертиз в Болгарии и России

Author(s): Eugenia Sukhareva / Language(s): Russian / Publication Year: 0

In this report the author considers in the form of comparison types of forensic enquiry in Bulgaria and Russia and brings up a question of requirements imposed to experts and their qualification in two countries. Also commented such definitions as „private expertise” and responsibility of experts, analyzes controversial issues arising in the justice system. The author makes proposals and recommendations which could be applied by the organizations of expert activities and could satisfy requirement of society for fair justice.

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Новото законодателство за служителите в Република Македония

Новото законодателство за служителите в Република Македония

Author(s): Borce Davitkovski / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 1/2013

The Civil Service system in Macedonia, was formally constituted with the adoption and enactment of the Law on Civil Service in 2000. A flaw made that, was that it regulated the status of only a small margin of public sector employees: those employed in government agencies, ministries and units of local self government. Throughout 2010, the Law on Public Servants was enacted, attempting to regulate the status of the remaining public sector employees. This 10 year long run, on regulating the status of a large number of peoples status, with two separate Laws, proved to be erroneous. As the Law on Civil Servants saw 27 ammendments since its adoption till 2012, and the Law on Public Servants was succumbed to a number of Constitutional Court Decisions which rendered its text, virtually unusable. With goal, to remedy this situation, the competent Ministry for Information Society and Administration had prepared and published (11th of August 2012) the Law on Administration, whose current text shall be the subject of this papers analysis.

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Няколко думи относно правните догми в Законь соудный людмь (опит за правно-историческо и правно-догматическо изследване)

Няколко думи относно правните догми в Законь соудный людмь (опит за правно-историческо и правно-догматическо изследване)

Author(s): Hristofor Manchev / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 3/2005

In the following lines we will try to give some light to these legal phenomena, hurrying to note in advance for our humble attempt to penetrate this matter, with the intrinsic, usually for every first attempt mistakes, faults, failures. Experience not useful with your own final results, and above all as a basis upon which it can be discusses. And of course the questions will be more than the answers.

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О ГНОСЕОЛОГИЧЕСКОМ СТАТУСЕ КАТЕГОРИЙ НОРМА ПРАВА И НОРМАТИВНО-ПРАВОВОЕ ПРЕДПИСАНИЕ

Author(s): Rafail Gazizullovich Valiev / Language(s): Russian / Issue: 6/2015

The problem of adequacy of epistemological forms of perception of the category of norm of law to its actual content is urgent in the context of the current situation with the uncertain content of some legal phenomena. The epistemological nature and logical certainty of the category of regulatory prescription are considered. In order to reveal correlation between the categories of norm of law and regulatory prescription, it is suggested that the latter should be treated as an expression of the comprehensive content of norms of law. The norm of law, as an epistemological tool and the result of scientific knowledge within the legal institutional framework, is an integrated form of textual expression of the content of articles of laws and other normative legal acts. The norm of law is not a rule of conduct, thereby being rather the rule in general, i.e., having the universal nature, which is expressed as an authoritative order. It defines the socially meaningful model of prospects and dues in the regulation of social relations, as well as the legal status of their participants for the purpose of smooth development of the society and state.

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О КЛАССИФИКАЦИИ ПРИЗНАКОВ, ХАРАКТЕРИЗУЮЩИХ ЛИЧНОСТЬ ВИНОВНОГО В ПРЕСТУПЛЕНИИ И УЧИТЫВАЕМЫХ СУДОМ ПРИ ПРИМЕНЕНИИ МЕР УГОЛОВНО-ПРАВОВОГО ХАРАКТЕРА

Author(s): Svetlana Vladimirovna Sundurova / Language(s): Russian / Issue: 4/2013

The article classifies a perpetrator’s personality traits having essential significance in criminal law. It defines the comparative degree of the influence of different groups of personality traits on the degree of social danger of a perpetrator. Consideration of these traits leads to the individualization of punishment and other measures by the court under criminal law.

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О ПОТРЕБИ ИЗМЕНЕ ДВОСТРАНИХ УГОВОРА О ПРАВНОЈ ПОМОЋИ У ГРАЂАНСКИМ СТВАРИМА НА СНАЗИ ИЗМЕЂУ РЕПУБЛИКЕ СРБИЈЕ И ДРЖАВА ЧЛАНИЦА ЕВРОПСКЕ УНИЈЕ

Author(s): Snežana Ðurdevic / Language(s): Serbian / Issue: 74/2016

Republic of Serbia has bilateral treaties on legal assistance in civil matters with 15 EU Мember States. Many years have passed since the conclusion of all these treaties and significant changes have occurred in the area of Private International Law. In the first place, these changes result from the accession of the Republic of Serbia to certain Conventions of the Hague Conference on Private International Law, development of the EU Private International Law, but also the drafting of new Private International Law Act of the Republic of Serbia. This is why the provisions of bilateral treaties, especially provisions on conflict of laws and international jurisdiction, are not harmonised. In addition, there are several parallel systems of legal norms in the area of Private International Law which apply depending on whether a multilateral treaty, bilateral treaty or national law is in force with the state in question. This situation is causing confusion not only among persons whose relations are regulated by the norms, but also among practitioners (judges and attorneys at law) who have great difficulties in determining which law to apply in a particular case. All this creates legal uncertainty and erroneous application of substantive law, which is one of the grounds on which a judgment may be set aside. In order to solve these problems, competent institutions of the Republic of Serbia should extensively analyse existing bilateral treaties on legal assistance in civil matters with EU Member States and take all necessary steps towards their revision as soon as possible, but certainly before the adoption of the PIL Act of the Republic of Serbia.

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О ПРИНЦИПАХ ОРГАНИЗАЦИИ СИСТЕМ В МЕТОДОЛОГИИ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ ПРАВОВОЙ СИСТЕМЫ ОБЩЕСТВА

Author(s): Aidar Rushanovich Gubaydullin / Language(s): Russian / Issue: 6/2015

The study is focused on some peculiarities of the main principles of organization of the legal system of society, including the problem of comprehending its general function. The basic principles of organization are the following: compatibility, actualization of functions, neutralization of dysfunctions, concentration of functions, and labialization of functions. The place of these principles in the methodology of research on the legal system is determined. The methodological importance of each principle is considered. The principle of compatibility allows to outline the scope of elements of the legal system. The principle of actualization of functions of the legal system shows the evolution of existing properties of the legal system. The principle of neutralization of dysfunctions of the legal system demonstrates resistance of the system to negative phenomena. The principle of concentration of functions permits to understand the hierarchy of functions of the legal system. The principle of labialization of functions of the legal system shows the change in the ratio of development and functioning of the legal system at different stages of development.

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О СЛОЖЕНИМ ИЛИ КОМПЛЕКСНИМ (ЗБИРНИМ) ПРАВНИМ АКТИМА

Author(s): Slavoljub Popovic / Language(s): Serbian / Issue: 9/1970

Dans son article, l'auteur analyse d'abord les problèmes au sujet des actes juridiques complexes individuels, traitant ensuite des problèmes relatifs aux actes juridiques complexes généraux. Dans le cadre des actes juridiques complexes individuels, l'auteur examine notamment les actes administratifs complexes et les actes complexes individuels concernant les changements statutaires des organisations de travail. Les actes administratifs complexes se composent, en fait, de deux ou plusieurs actes, raison pour laquelle ils sont intitulés aussi actes administratifs collectifs. Il existe plusieurs catégories d'actes administratifs complexes: a) décision dans la procédure administrative rendue de la part de deux, ou plusieurs organes;b) décision dans la procédure administrative rendue avec l'accord préalable d'un autre organe;c) décision rendue sous réserve d'accord subséquent d'un autre organe;d) décision rendue sous réserve de sanction ou d'approbation d'un autre organe;e) décision rendue après s'être assuré l'avis d'un autre organe,f) décision rendue sur proposition d'un autre organe, etg) décision rendue avec l'autorisation ou le permis d'un autre organe.L'auteur analyse plus particulièrement chacun des cas mentionnés, tout en passant en revue les conséquences juridiques résultant d'une décision complexe incorrecte, ainsi que les moyens juridiques à utiliser contre les décisions complexes rendues dans la procédure administrative.Un sous-groupe particulier des actes complexes individuels sont les actes relatifs aux questions statutaires des organisations de travail. A ce sujet, l'auteur traite notamment du rôle des organes qui participent à l'élaboration de l'acte complexe individuel, ainsi que des moyens juridiques à employer par l'organisation de travail au cas ou l'organe compétent refuse son accord, sanction ou autre forme de coopération dans l'élaboration de l'acte complexe individuel relatif aux rapports statutaires. Dans le cadre de la seconde catégorie d'actes juridiques complexes (actes juridiques complexes généraux) l'auteur procède d'abord à l'analyse du groupe des actes juridiques complexes généraux édictés par les organisations de travail en coopération de l'organe d'Etat compétent, en examinant les attribuions de l'organe d'Etat compétent qui participe à l'élaboration de l'acte général de l'organisation de travail, ainsi que les moyens juridiques que l'organisation de travail peut utiliser contre le refus de l'organe d'Etat compétent de permettre, par son action, l'édiction de l'acte juridique général de la part de l'organisation de travail. Enfin, l'auteur examine la forme particulière d'actes juridiques complexes généraux édictés par les organes de l'administration d'Etat. Il s'agit essentiellement des actes juridiques généraux rendus par un organe de l'administration d'Etat avec l'accord d'un autre organe de l'administration ou d'un autre organe quelconque. Les litiges surgis au sujet de l'édiction des actes juridiques complexes sont réglés selon une procédure spéciale.

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ОБЪЕКТ ПРЕСТУПЛЕНИЯ НЕОКАЗАНИЯ ПОМОЩИ БОЛЬНОМУ ПО УГОЛОВНОМУ ПРАВУ РОССИИ

Author(s): Liliya Maksutovna Nazmutdinova / Language(s): Russian / Issue: 4/2013

The article analyzes the elements of a crime that provides for the responsibility for the failure to assist a sick person. Based on the analysis of the current criminal law and the existing scientific data, we present our own vision of the problem. We propose making changes to Article 124 of the Criminal Law of the Russian Federation, i.e., it is recommended to define the nature of medical assistance and to add a note where necessary that specifies the concepts of medical assistance and medical workers.

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ОГРАНИЧЕНИЕ ДЕЕСПОСОБНОСТИ (ВМЕНЯЕМОСТИ) ЛИЦ, СТРАДАЮЩИХ ПСИХИЧЕСКИМИ РАССТРОЙСТВАМИ: ОТСУТСТВИЕ СИСТЕМНОСТИ НОРМ В РОССИЙСКОМ ПРАВЕ

Author(s): Olga Aleksandrovna Serova / Language(s): Russian / Issue: 2/2016

The paper examines the effect of including a statute regarding special disability of persons suffering from mental illness in the Russian civil legislation. Legal enacting of additional criteria for assessing the ability of the citizen to realize the effect of their actions and to control them has great importance for the development of the civil society in Russia. There is a rejection of the concept of insulating treatment of persons suffering from mental disorders. The society is aware of the negative effects of stigmatization of mentally deranged persons. The significance for social adaptation of afflicted persons and their involvement in social processes is recognized. Any restriction of the legal capacity of persons with mental derangement requires a clear definition of the term “assistance of another person”. There is no unique approach to maintain or reduce the family capacity of citizens that are incapacitated. Mental derangement has a significant impact on human behavior in legal relations, legal qualification of actions. To date, the problems of capacity (sanity) are studied separately in civil, administrative, and criminal laws. This leads to gaps in legal regulations, thereby resulting in the lack of unified criteria for evaluating the status of persons with mental disorders. Identification of mental derangement or temporary loss of knowledgeable behavior cannot be a subject of study of one area of law. Implementation of the principle of perpetuation of the legal capacity of citizens with mental derangement should be associated with the research on the degree of awareness of possible social danger that may be caused by their actions. Preventive assessment of the danger represented by persons with mental disorders to surrounding persons is necessary to determine of the degree of control over their own actions.

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ОСНОВАНИЯ ДУАЛИЗМА ДИСПОЗИТИВНОСТИ В ЮРИСДИКЦИОННОМ ПРОЦЕССЕ

Author(s): Arina Rafailevna Valieva / Language(s): Russian / Issue: 4/2014

The article justifies theoretically, methodologically and legally the relevance of the general theoretical concept of dualism of dispositivity as a principle of the current competitive model of jurisdictional process. The paper shows that this concept allows a holistic perception and analysis of the problem of correlation between the public and private principles of jurisdictional and procedural dispositivity. The concept also makes it possible to study the ways of balancing private and public interests in modern jurisdictional process.

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Основні засади цивільного судочинства та розумність строків розгляду справи судом

Основні засади цивільного судочинства та розумність строків розгляду справи судом

Author(s): Natalia Sakara / Language(s): Ukrainian / Issue: 142/2018

In the article “the fundamental principles of civil procedure” and “the principles of civil procedural law” are considered as synonyms. They are understood as normatively fixed requirements that reflect the values of civil procedural law, reproduce the standards of fair trial and determine the procedure of a trial. Such requirements should be pursued by the court and other participants of civil procedure because they have general, stable and imperative nature and perform regulatory and interpretative functions in relation to ordinary rules of civil procedural law. The possibility to classify the requirement about “reasonableness of the time of a trial” as an interdisciplinary principle of judicial procedure is called into question because the lack of a unified approach to its regulation. Taking into account the provisions of the current procedural legislation and the decisions of the European Court of Human Rights, the author proposes to interpret this requirement in three ways: 1) as a convention requirement arising from para. 1 art. 6 ECHR; 2) as a requirement for a general time of a trial, which constitutes an indicator of the effectiveness of protection of violated, unrecognized or disputed rights, freedoms and interests (p. 10 p. 3 art. 2 CPC); 3) as a requirement for the time limits of procedural actions in specific cases (art. 121 of the CPC). At the same time, as a requirement for a general time of a trial “the reasonableness of the time of a trial” is an evaluative concept. It cannot be understood as a fundamental principle of civil procedure. In its ontological nature, it is a legal axiom that reproduces the ideal model for the administration of justice and considered to be a tool for realization of the task of timely trial.

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ОТКЛОНЕНИЯ ОТ ДЕФИНИТИВНЫХ НОРМ ПРАВА: ПОНЯТИЕ И ОСОБЕННОСТИ

Author(s): Vera Vladimirovna Guryanova / Language(s): Russian / Issue: 6/2015

The aim of this paper is to identify the concept and characteristics of deviations from the definitive norms of law. Deviations from the definitive norms of law have been for the first time in jurisprudence considered as a type of deviant legally significant behavior, which violates the uniformity of interpretation of legal terms and phenomena used in other norms of law and leads to legal collisions and conflicts. In turn, the latter ones cause legal violations.

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