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The technocratic deformation of society

Author(s): Mihail M. Ungheanu / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2023

In L’ilusion politique, the French sociologist Jacques Ellul describes the way the real of politicshad been transformed. Politics has become pervasive in society whereby everything becomespoliticized. On the other hand, politics in its proper function and sense disappears. It seems a paradox,but in reality, politics – like much everything else had been overtaken by the technical system, by theTechnique, instead of real political decisions, politicians make are technical ones. They seek onlyefficiency. By the same token, something else is lost freedom and humanity. The perspective of a fullytechnocratic governance has been already described by Bertrand Russell – who was convinced thatonly a global one-world technocracy can save the world – a description that is terrifying and that showsthe direction in which humanity is going these days.

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CIVIL UNION OR THE AESTHETIC FLUIDITY OF THE FALSE FAMILY

Author(s): Corina Bistriceanu Pantelimon / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2024

In the construction of this article, we start from two new concepts in the socio-human sciences: that of fluidity, applied with great resonance in the interpretation of the new dynamic forms of contemporary society by Zygmunt Bauman, and that of aesthetics, in the sense of the type of judgment with which we approach the external world, as defined by Immanuel Kant. Their utility lies in verifying and explaining the manner in which new inconsistent social and familial formulas are projected and articulated, in synchrony with the liquefaction and aesthetification of all social structures of the “oldorder” of tradition or of the “steel carcasses” of modernity. The redefined family as a fluid aesthetic group is one in which its axes of stability, the vertical link of descent, and the supportive horizontal link of marriage are fractured and declared unusable. “Projects” of relationships in permanent construction emerge in their place, inconsistent and unstable by their very nature, whose integrative capacity is relative and manifests only as long as the satisfaction they offer lasts. These projects, which replace the “solid”social institutions in everyday social life, not only have a mimetic effect, taking on the apparent form of the relationship/structure they replace, but also have a dissolving effect. Civil partnership is such a satisfactory solution for mimicking marriage for those who do not find enough satisfaction in getting married, but nor so little that they give up on it. Its consequences, in terms of fluidizing sexual ties within the family, are of the same nature as those of incest, which fluidize the lineage ties.

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Par-delà Nietzsche

Author(s): Victor Kocay / Language(s): French Issue: 1/2024

This article presents Nietzsche's notion of the Übermensch (le surhomme in French) as a development of romanticism conceived of as a quest to reveal the sentiment that defines or characterizes each individual as an individual. This approach reveals the affinities between Nietzsche and Schopenhauer, notably with respect to Schopenhauer's notion of Will that Nietzsche transforms into that of the Will to power, thereby underscoring what can be considered as Nietzsche's individualism. We argue that as a romantic notion, the notion of Übermensch fashions an ideal of what life could be but overlooks the importance of otherness and the role that otherness plays in defining the individual. Going beyond Nietzsche implies that the Übermensch, as a logical construct neglects the desire to please that constitutes an important part of an individual's relation with otherness.

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Sortir du nihilisme: Nietzsche, Mill et l’individualité comme clé de transformation morale et civilisationnelle

Author(s): Camille Dejardin / Language(s): French Issue: 1/2024

Nietzsche’s criticism of the masses could have looked hackneyed at the end of the XIXth century, had it not the originality of moving onto psychological and biological levels what others previously elaborated only at a social scale: a "herd instinct" explaining both the lack of social cohesion and the loss of possible individual affirmation in democratic and egalitarian ages. As he sees the utilitarian promotion of happiness and empathy as part of the problem, he fiercely condemns John Stewart Mill’s philosophy – as he understands it. Our point is to throw into relief that Mill’s theory of individuality is but closer to Nietzsche’s views for regenerating life against the spreading of democratic "nihilism". Our cross-reading of Mill and Nietzsche therefore aims at offering a reassessment of their antagonism and at highlighting ways of overcoming "nihilism" via culture and cultivation of the "character" and the individual surpassing of oneself.

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Progress and Criticism of Progress as a Characteristic of Modern Civilizations in the Work of Friedrich Nietzsche and Ludwig Wittgenstein

Author(s): Ulrich Arnswald / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2024

Superficially, the proximity of Wittgenstein's work and its undisputed influence by Friedrich Nietzsche's ideas and concepts suggests that there are also overlaps in the large and in Nietzsche's work decisive field of progress and criticism of progress. The article tries to show that this is not the case. Despite all the overlaps that may exist between Friedrich Nietzsche and Ludwig Wittgenstein, these do not come to light in the concept of progress and the critique of progress. Both thinkers pursue a very different movement of thought; Wittgenstein sees Nietzsche's focus on the "idea of great progress" as a "delusion", which he does not consider to be expedient. Ludwig Wittgenstein explicitly distances himself here from the spirit that defined the prevailing European and American civilization in the 1930s. He does not succumb to the delusions of grandeur of new, higher-level civilization, but leaves progress as the constantly progressing background noise of any civilization.

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Blood on the Leaves / Blood on the Roots: Nietzsche, Schürmann, and Wynter on Ressentiment, Bad Conscience, Double Consciousness, and Metaphysics at the Birth of the Human Being as Praxis at the End of Metaphysics

Author(s): Brendan Brown / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2024

This paper sets out to investigate the Nietzschean connection between Sylvia Wynter and Reiner Schürmann through a reading of Nietzsche’s On the Genealogy of Morals. Nietzsche’s account of ‘bad conscience’ is read through the Wynterian and Fanonian concept of ‘sociogeny’ to demonstrate its necessity to Nietzsche’s project of the Great Redeemer. This paper, then, demonstrates a previously undiagnosed influence of Nietzsche on Wynter and the role that anarchy plays in her construction of the ‘human being as praxis’. The essay concludes with an amelioration of Schürmann’s epochal genealogy to account for a racialized lacunae present in his Western genealogy of thought. It is by bringing all three together that we understand anarchy as being firmly committed to anti-racist and antianti-Black enactments. It concludes by highlighting the possibility of metaphysics after the withering of epochal archē in what this paper calls ‘the multitude of metaphysics’.

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ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND RELIGION: BETWEEN SLAVERY AND THE PATH TO SALVATION

Author(s): Constantin Valer Necula,Daniela Dumulescu / Language(s): English Issue: 68/2024

The people of the XXI century seem to search for salvation in the hands of technology such as artificial intelligence, nanotechnology, internet of things etc. There is an increasing trust in the capacity of artificial intelligence to transform and transcend life and death. Unfortunately, post-humanist technologies aimed to liberate humans from all existential burdens and dilemmas challenge the liberation and salvation itself. One big question that arises in the minds of modern Christians is: Where is the hand of God in the world conquered by technology? The current paper explores the specificity of using Artificial intelligence for religious and spiritual needs and activities, focusing on the implication and limitations of AI tools in religious life. The main questions that our study addresses are: Which aspects of religious life are and may be impacted by Artificial Intelligence? What are the main limitations of AI-tools regarding individuals' spiritual needs? Can conversational AI-agents redefine the relationship with the priest? The analysis revealed that artificial intelligence needs to be addressed as a tool. It is neither ultimate doom nor the way to salvation. The wisdom of human beings has the power to liberate themselves from all the slaveries, including technology. The salvation brought by repentance and forgiveness can only be revealed through religious and spiritual development.

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RELIGION, TECHNOLOGY AND COOPERATIVE RATIONALITY: A PHILOSOPHICAL APPROACH

Author(s): Ubat Pahala Charles Silalahi,Serepina Yoshika Hasibuan,Gloria Matatula / Language(s): English Issue: 68/2024

The conflict between religion and science reached its peak after the Enlightenment. People today exhibit a greater inclination towards science as compared to religion. Religion's influence in shaping human progress diminished as science gained favor. Following over a half-century of strained ties, a movement arose that opposed the growing hostility between religion and science. Today, the era of digital disruption has become part of human civilization. As a result of scientific progress, information technology requires reconciliation with faith. After all, religion needs secular methods and ideas for its advancement. So, this paper offers a new type of entanglement between religion and technology based on cooperative rationality. Cooperative rationality considers reason as the foundation, then cooperation as the next step. Because religion and technology both rely on human reason, with cooperative rationality, religion and technology can find complex, coordinated actions that allow both to benefit. So, organized scientific inquiry is not merely for taking on intellectual tasks but also for humanity. Cooperative rationality relies on fundamental intellectual concerns to pay more attention to technological goals, considering scientific and human values.

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THE HUMAN CONDITION IN THE DIGITAL AGE

Author(s): Elena Abrudan / Language(s): English Issue: 68/2024

Review of Sandu Frunză's volume Căutarea autenticității în era digitală. Eseuri despre poezie, filosofie și spiritualitate (Searching the Authenticity in Digital Era. Essays on Poetry, Philosophy and Spirituality) (București: Eikon, 2023).

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LEONARD SWIDLER’S CALL TO INTER-RELIGIOUS DIALOGUE REVISITED

Author(s): Alina Preda / Language(s): English Issue: 69/2024

The aim of this article is to trace a brief history of the attempts that have been made to promote inter-religious dialogue, to outline the accomplishments to date, and to scrutinize both the current challenges posed to this project, and the future requirements to be met if worldwide interfaith cooperation is ever to be achieved. When investigating current inter-religious interactions, it is critical not to neglect the polemical dimension, but to establish the causes for the disagreements, and to effectively remove them. Given the inevitability of religious transmission within families, educational systems worldwide must offer exposure to multiple worldviews and belief systems that accurately reflect the diverse societies and cultures around the globe. In order to liberate themselves from the grip of fanatical thinking, the youth should not only be instructed in the teachings of a single religion, but also be exposed to the origins of humanity’s inclination towards religious beliefs and to the various ways in which these beliefs are expressed. This exposure, and the resulting newly-formed mentality will strengthen the response to Leonard Swidler’s call for the endorsement of a Universal Declaration of Global Ethics and, together with this indefatigable supporter of inter-religious co-operation, we will finally be able to genuinely proclaim that we are living in an Age of Global Dialogue.

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DIALOGUE BETWEEN ISLAM AND CHRISTIANITY IN THE TWENTY-FIRST CENTURY IN LIGHT OF LEONARD SWIDLER’S VISION OF INTERRELIGIOUS DIALOGUE: IS IT A LUXURY OR A NECESSITY?

Author(s): Omar Mohammad-Ameen Ahmad Hazaymeh / Language(s): English Issue: 69/2024

In the interconnected world of the twenty-first century, dialogue between Islam and Christianity is an essential necessity, not a mere option. This paper examines the important role of interfaith dialogue by analyzing its historical evolution, contemporary challenges, and its transformative potential for fostering global peace and cooperation. Muslim-Christian relations have profoundly influenced socio-political dynamics throughout history. Today, the increasing complexities of globalization, political conflicts, and the rise of extremism highlight the pressing need for dialogue as a means to bridge divides, remove stereotypes, and build trust. Grounded in the principles of mutual respect and shared ethical commitments, interfaith dialogue enables collaborative efforts to address critical global issues such as poverty, climate change, and human rights. Drawing on the works of Leonard Swidler, this paper aims to show that interfaith dialogue is not merely a moral obligation but a pragmatic strategy for shaping a harmonious future. By embracing dialogue as a tool for understanding and action, Muslims and Christians can work together to address the challenges of the modern era and build a world founded on mutual respect, solidarity, and cooperation.

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THE WORKS OF LEONARD AS A MODEL FOR INTERRELIGIOUS DIALOGUE IN EX - YUGOSLAVIC AREAS IN THE XXI CENTURY (FROM NATIONALISM TO INTERRELIGIOUS DIALOGUE)

Author(s): Aleksandar Stamatović / Language(s): English Issue: 69/2024

The article examines the work of Leonard Swidler as a model for inter-religious dialogue in ex-Yugoslav areas in the 21st century. It aims to analyse the role of interreligious dialogue in the neutralisation of nationalism. This is particularly evident in the interweaving of nationalist and religious communities, where religious communities emerge as the instigators of nationalism. In addition, religious leaders assume the role of unofficial national and state leaders. The national and state interest is derived from the interpretation of religious interest. Consequently, politicians and national and state leaders frequently become mere puppets in their hands. This pattern was particularly evident during the Yugoslav conflict in the late 20th century. The traumatic effects of the conflict are still evident in the present day. Concurrently, religious leaders in the former Yugoslav territories occupy a significant position, not only in the formulation of state and national policy, but also in the formation of public opinion within the regions over which they hold religious authority. In his oeuvre, the American theologian Leonard Swidler analyses the processes of interfaith dialogue as a model for resolving conflict situations involving religious opposites. It should be noted that his works do not present a definitive formula for such conflict resolution; rather, they offer a contribution to this issue. Religious dialogue is a practice that is not characteristic of the contemporary era of bourgeois society; as a result, it is timeless and extraterritorial. It is for this reason that a sample of ex-Yugoslav areas was selected as representative, given that religious contrasts are a significant factor.

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LEONARD SWIDLER AND THE SIGNIFICANCE OF TRANSFORMATIVE THEOLOGY FOR INTERFAITH DIALOGUE

Author(s): Ustadi Hamsah,Moh Soehadha / Language(s): English Issue: 69/2024

Transformative theology is an idea to explore the meaning of dialogue that does not only focus on aspects of theological teachings but needs to touch on real human issues. This article aims to analyze the implementation of transformative theological ideas in Indonesia that have gone beyond the concept of dialogue itself. This research is qualitative, data collection using the in-depth reading of Leonard Swidler's works, websites, and other relevant sources. The results of this research are the implementation of transformative dialogue values in socio-cultural aspects and an emphasis on universal humanitarian services based on philosophical and social analysis, which is evidenced through, first, the implementation of transformative theology oriented towards the appreciation of religious and cultural diversity; second, enrichment of theological perspectives with acculturation of local culture; Third, oriented towards humanitarian, social services. The conclusion of this study shows that interfaith dialogue needs to transform into an activity oriented towards positive relationships to respond to the challenges of the development of the times collectively (I-Thou) based on the ethical awareness of universal humanity.

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RECLAIMING JOY BY SINGING ABOUT SADNESS: EXPLORING FEMINISM, FRIENDSHIP, AND RELIGION IN THE MUSIC OF BOYGENIUS

Author(s): Mihaela Frunza / Language(s): English Issue: 69/2024

This philosophical text explores the profound thematic and emotional depths of boygenius' music, composed of Lucy Dacus, Julien Baker, and Phoebe Bridgers. Through an analysis of joy, inspiration, feminism, friendship, and religion in their songs, the text unveils a tapestry of intellectual depth and emotional honesty that resonates deeply with their audience. Highlighting the band's unique blend of joy and melancholy, the analysis reveals how their music turns personal suffering into collective catharsis, offering listeners a transformative experience. The ethereal qualities of their compositions, enriched by diverse inspirations, feminist perspectives, and intimate bonds, create a profound connection with fans, illustrating the enduring power of friendship and teamwork in their collaborative spirit. Ultimately, boy-genius emerges not only as a musical force but as a philosophical touchstone, inviting listeners to explore the complexities of human emotion and societal reflection through their evocative melodies and lyrical narratives.

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JEDAN SLUČAJ DISOCIJATIVNOG POREMEĆAJA IDENTITETA KAO ARGUMENT PROTIV FUNKCIONALISTIČKOG I REPREZENTACIONOG SHVATANJA BOLA

Author(s): Nikola Knežević / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 4/2024

In the article “Differing reports of pain perception by different personalities in a patient with chronic pain and multiple personality disorder “ it was recounted that, in the single patient, some personalities feel pain that other personalities do not. In my paper I examine whether these findings can serve as an argument against the functionalist and representational understanding of pain. In order to provide an answer, I focus my research on the structure and appropriacy of medical methods used for pain measuring during this clinical study, as well as the official change of the diagnosis of multiple personality disorder, which happened after the publication of the forementioned article, with the aim of determining if this modification also changes the philosophical implications of the described medical case.

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Formy pomocy w aspekcie psychologicznych i somatycznych następstw terminacji ciąży

Author(s): Mariusz Ostaszewski / Language(s): Polish Issue: 25/2024

The termination of a pregnancy is not without its consequences for the health and life of the woman, as well as for other persons: those connected with and involved in the decision. Medical and psychological research shows the devastation that abortion inflicts on various areas of life and the disorders it causes. There is no doubt that efforts to help those affected by abortion are a priority task for all those who can diagnose the problem (on a psychological, physical or spiritual level) and then effectively support its resolution, which psychotherapists, doctors and clergy do. This article focuses on the experience of trauma and suffering of a woman with post-abortion syndrome, the psychological consequences after the termination of pregnancy (PAD: Post Abortion Distress and PAS: Post Abortion Syndrome) and the ways to help on therapeutic grounds, especially spiritual (‘Rachel’s Vineyard’), with reference to the precious document ‘Evangelium vitae’ by Pope John Paul II.

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CORECORE: HYPER-ROMANTICISM AND THE POSTPANDEMIC INTERNET AESTHETIC

Author(s): Vladimir M. Vujošević / Language(s): English Issue: 48/2024

It seems that the internet aesthetic has undergone a peculiar change since the outbreak of the 2020 pandemic. This transformation has been driven by the growing popularity of social media platforms that rely almost exclusively on video content. After the long-awaited "death of postmodernism," there is now a noticeable inclination to excessively reuse certain cultural forms whose origin can be traced back to the Romantic era. This essay explores how Romantic aesthetic practices have unexpectedly reemerged in new digital media, especially in the last three years.

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The Use of S. Khoruzhyi's Ideas of Energetic Hesychasm in the Educational Strategies of Postmodern Society

Author(s): Vitalii IHNATIEV,Oksana Patlaichuk,Olga Stupak,Andrii BOBRYK,Hennadii MOSKALYK,Andrii SHYMANOVYCH / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2024

Through the prism of the study of the theology of Hesychasm, the authors of this article consider the philosophical work of S. Khoruzhyi as a present-day system of non-classical pedagogical paradigm. On the other hand, this paradigm is a philosophically framed historical tradition of Orthodox ontological experience of human existence, which in our time has gone beyond the end of history. Moving beyond confessional boundaries into a universal philosophical meta-anthropological project provides a heuristic effect for the construction of spiritual pedagogy as well as for its synergy with the educational strategies and spiritual practices of the common man of the postmodern era. The authors sought to identify the basic intentions of religion and postmodern consciousness and to characterize S. Khoruzhyi's theosophical paradigm in terms of its unconscious and unintentional correlation with the social philosophy of pedagogical of postmodernism. For this purpose, we used comparative typological and meaningful methinks, as well as elements of hermeneutics and intertextual analysis. As a result of the study, the authors formulated a number of conclusions and results. The most general one defines the peculiarity of S. Khoruzhogo's narrative, in which the philosopher not only insists but also systematically embeds Hesychasm in the context of the post-non-classical philosophical and pedagogical paradigm. In essence, S. Khoruzhyi forms an alternative to the classical philosophical paradigm, which (even despite the author's formal objections) is open to a horizontal postmodern dialogue and constructed in a personal Hesychasm practice " bottom-up" from -because of "human energy".

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Cenzura i uskraćivanje informacija radi višeg dobra

Author(s): Dale Jacquette / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 12/2024

Sloboda štampe spada među najznačajnija moralna prava slobodnih ljudi. Posebno novinari koriste prednosti tog prava od koga u idealnom slučaju svaka osoba ima koristi. Već smo primetili da sloboda štampe nije neko apsolutno ili bezuslovno pravo. To pravo se uživa unutar granica ustanovljenih na osnovu drugih legitimnih društvenih interesa, posebno kad su u pitanju bezbednost i zaštita prava svih članova društva. Postoje situacije u stvarnom životu kada je u javnom interesu da temeljni princip novinarske etike, princip maksimalizovanja relevantnog govorenja istine, bude ograničen. Kad se izveštaji cenzurišu ili dobrovoljno ne objavljuju radi višeg dobra, uvek moraju da postoje dobri razlozi za takav postupak, i uvek bi trebalo da postoji i izričita odredba za kasniji povraćaj punih novinarskih sloboda što je brže moguće.

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Kriticizam

Author(s): Momčilo T. Selesković / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 12/2024

Da bi čovek mogao da odgovori na pitanje šta može da zna, on mora prethodno da odgovori na pitanje kako dolazi do znanja. Ako čovek, naime, ne zna kako dolazi do znanja, njemu ne ostaje ništa drugo nego da za sve postavke svoje dogmatički, tj. nekritički tvrdi da su one identične sa znanjem, pa prema tome, i sa istinom. Pošto se, međutim, nekritički postavljene tvrdnje ne samo neće poklapati jedna s drugom, nego će, naprotiv, jedna drugoj protivrečiti, čovek će, samim time, biti naveden da tvrdi da nijedna od tih postavki nije identična sa znanjem i da, prema tome, istina uopšte ne postoji. On će, drugim rečima, dogmatizam da zameni sa skepticizmom i time ponovo da protivreči sebi, pošto se tvrdnjom da istina ne postoji, očevidno, uništava i sama ta tvrdnja.

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