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Speed Memories

Author(s): Obrad Savić / Language(s): English,Serbian Issue: 0/1994

I recently attended the opening night of Karl Krauss's play The Last Days of Mankind in the Yugoslav Drama Theatre, a house which still preserves traces of the memory of Europe. That evening, I wrote down on my copy of the playbill the following: "Karl Krauss on the stage! Voice of apocalypse on the boards! Ironist on the public platform! The L a s t D a y s o f M a n k in d in Belgrade! This is not a good sign - it might be a first-class theatrical provocation, a doubtful theatrical gesture, a belated literary-theatrical representation of Krauss's discourse of catastrophe".

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Brief History of the Belgrade Circle

Author(s): Author Not Specified / Language(s): English Issue: 0/1994

The Belgrade Circle, formerly Belgrade Circle- Association of Independent Intellectuals, has been active in Belgrade since January 1992. The founding act stated that the primary concern of the Belgrade Circle is to promote the values of a democratic, civil, open and plural society through various public forums, open circulation of ideas and defense of independent creative activities.

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Religion and the modern education

Author(s): Agim Leka / Language(s): English Issue: 27/2023

The purpose of the research is to solve the paradox of religion integration in education, by the new balance between religion, philosophy and science, during the post communism transition. In the field of thinking, the process is the transition from ideology to integral thinking. It is realized through the re-evaluation of the topics of the integration of religion, transitology and integral though, education, inclusiveness, solidarity, new laicity and new secularity. In the philosophical sense, integration is the objective process of being developed. This is understood as a return to identity towards a universal being.In the context of the social being, the process realizes the opening and cooperative development of all mental, spiritual-religious, scientific, creative-artistic, economic, cultural, material and non-material political fields.It includes the individual, the community, and all institutions of social life. The path of integration development is the transitive movement in a spiral form. In Albania, with the fall of communism, freedom of religion was legalized according to the standards of European democracy. The rehabilitation of religious figures that had been condemned and persecuted by the totalitarian regime began.The post-communist transition brought profound changes in the field of faith and religion such as the new dimension in the relationship of society with religion, new and unfamiliar attitudes of believers to religion, new relations between the state and religious institutions, new relations between education and religion in public institutions, opening of religious schools and increasing the influence of religion through the media and religious literature.What is considered tolerance in Europe, in the Albanian case is respect. Albanians are the best model for religious tolerance (respect). There has never been a religious clash in Albania for any reason. Respect for the religious affiliation and religious belief of the other in the Albanian case is modeled as the guiding value of their identity and appears in everyday life as the acceptance of the other. For this reason, they are the best model of respect and acceptance of the other, regardless of religious affiliation. This is an ontological value, built over the centuries and continues to this day.Albanians have not converted, but have adapted to a religious belief for economic and survival reasons.Marriages with different religions and keeping two names (Christian and Muslim) are natural phenomena among Albanians. In Albania, there are in the family and tribe people with Christian and Muslim religions individuals with two names, Christian and Muslim: Kristo and Muhamed. Albanians have lived in peaceful symbiosis with the Slavs in the centuries of the latter’s influx into Albanian lands. They have also lived peacefully with other neighbors, Greeks or Romans. This is even though the neighbors have not always been peaceful with the Albanians.

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Aspects of Political Theology in the Spiritual Autobiography of Nicolae Steinhardt

Author(s): Iuliu-Marius Morariu / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2022

Important personality of the Romanian space, the Jew Nicolae Steinhardt that will discover the Christianity in prison and will be baptised in Jilava prison, will be not only an intellectual with ecumenical vocation, but also a writer that offers a rich testimony about the way how Communism from the Romanian space can not only ruin a life, but also make one to come closer to God and arrive to a deeper consciousness of the real values of life and spirituality that will therefore be connected to the cultural space, seen as an alternative and a form of survival in the Prison life. Both the experience that he had as an imprisoned for political reasons, like the one after his release will be emphasized in his discontinuous journal and therefore aspects like political theology will come as outcomes of his experiences or as forms of presenting the conclusions of his lectures.Contribution: Based on The diary of happiness, the most important and the most translated work of Nicolae Steinhardt (translated in 20 languages), that constitutes also an important part of the samizdat literature from Romania during the Communist period, the present research emphasizes the way how Steinhardt’s spiritual autobiography comes in contact with the political theology, bringing into attention the pillars of his conception.

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Рецензия на книгу А.А. Медовой "Феноменология музыкального опыта"

Author(s): Andrei Patkul / Language(s): Russian Issue: 2/2022

In my review, I analyze the main theses of Anastasiya Medova’s monograph entitled Phenomenology of Musical Experience (2021). The author of the book raises the issue of what it is that we generally hear as music, as well as many directly or indirectly related other issues with regard to both the essence and the ontological status of music. According to her, it is only the phenomenological methodology that can provide an answer to these questions, which deals with the specifics of a musical object always in the context of the specifics of musical experience. Particular emphasis in the review is placed on the concept of reduction, as it is used in relation to music. It is designed to clear the experience of all elements not related to music as such, including sensitive shape-associations that often arise while listening to music. Another important point in the study of A.A.Medova is her posing of the question as to the regional nature of music and its possible correlation with the sphere of aesthetic in general. In this regard, I point out that the author of the monograph seeks to justify the irreducibility of music to the aesthetic sphere and that her solution of the problem of the possible regionality of music remains insufficiently determined. I also emphasize that one of the points of interest in the book is that Medova works with specific material, notably with the interpretation of significant works of musical art and the analysis of important theoretical statements about the essence of music.

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Development of Professionally Oriented Intercultural Competence of Future Tourism Experts in the Conditions of Post-Industrial Postmodern Society

Author(s): Oksana Bihych,Yana Okopna,Madina Shcherbyna,Nelia Zuienko,Valentyna Chernysh,Bohdana Kuksa / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2022

The problem of formation of professional intercultural competence is relevant in the conditions of post-industrial postmodern society. The article highlights main trends in factors of intercultural competence. The article considers different approaches to determining the foreign language competence of tourism experts to intercultural competence. The analysis of theoretical and methodological approaches gives grounds to define the concept of German-language competence and qualifications of tourism experts. In the context of the study, the features of intercultural competence are identified. The objectives of the article are to determine main aspects of the formation of professional German-speaking competence of future tourism experts. In the course of the research the world and domestic experience of professional competence formation of future tourism experts and formation aspects of foreign language professional competence are analyzed. Also, based on the study, it can be argued that there is no single approach to the future tourism professionals formation of intercultural competence. Methods of analysis, synthesis, a research method and method of content analysis were used in the research. Based on the study, it is proved that levels of intercultural competence are controlled processes in the context of the use of modern educational technologies. Future tourism experts combine knowledge and skills in professional terms to achieve a high level of qualification. The results of the study are the basis for extracurricular activities in the formation of foreign language competence.

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Professional Activities of Practical Psychologists: Philosophical Counseling in the Context of Postmodernism

Author(s): Yana Chaika,Oksana Patlaichuk,Olga Stupak,Alla Lazareva,Oksana Voitsekhovska,Liudmyla Shkil / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2022

The current state of Ukrainian society is characterized by socio-economic instability, there are dynamic, unique processes in which each person is involved. In this connection, there are increasing demands on the professionalism of specialists in the field of practical psychology, their philosophical counseling in the context of postmodernism, aimed at helping people become the subject of their life, work, social and value relationships, to teach them to find meanings and maximize self-actualization. This is represented in the change of priorities in the professional development of practical psychologists, its focus on the development of specialists' subjectivity, their ability to independently solve professional and life tasks. An important role in enhancing the development of professionalism is the understanding of the essential characteristics of existential professional activity, expressed most often in professional meanings and values. The basis of a meaningful professional and personal life is the key ability of the practical psychologist to see and accept the needs of the profession and life and to find the most correct explanations for them. The purpose of the article is to investigate the importance and necessity of the activity of a practical psychologist, its peculiarities, the study of types of psychological aid: counseling, psychological rehabilitation, correction, psychotherapy, training, education and prevention; as well as the need to identify the main areas of professional activity of practical psychologists in the context of postmodernism.

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Variety Vocal Art in the Context of Integration into Society of the Future

Author(s): Nataliya Drozhzhina,Olena Yeroshenko,Serhii Davydov,Vasyl Shchepakin,Halyna Breslavets,Viktoriia Osypenko / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2022

The urgency of the research is determined by the intensive development of new technologies as prospects for further development of society. Art accumulates intellectual, spiritual, material, and value heritage of previous epochs and determines the perspective features of the future. Vocal art is thereby one of the manifestations of individual ideological rethinking. Variety as a socio-cultural phenomenon combines different styles of music, genres, types, and aspects of professional music and vocal performance, which is important for the research in the context of social rethinking of future social development. Objective of the article is to determine specifics of pop vocal art, its long-term development as an aspect of integration into society of the future. The article reflects the essential characteristics of the concept of pop vocal art and worldview perception of art as an aspect of the future society. In the process of research a method of abstraction, descriptive method, methods of analysis and synthesis were used in the theoretical substantiation and characterization of pop music as a vocal art. The method of generalization and systematization was used to determine the results of the research. The results became the basis for asserting the importance of pop vocal art in the further development of society.

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Pas de souci. Remarques sur Sorge chez Martin Heidegger

Author(s): Alain Harly / Language(s): French Issue: 2/2022

The paper gives a psychoanalytic account on the notion of “care” as it is found in the Heideggerian work and as expressed by the German notion of Sorge. It starts with the observation that in today’s current discourse “care” became an all-purpose word designed to reassure anyone found in a difficult situation, indicating that all will be good. This simplified manner of defining “care” risks to devaluate its true value for the human being. The encounter with death is worrying in a deeper and more structural manner than that of a simple problem waiting to be solved. The paper tries to reinforce the value of “care” as being the reminder of this ultimate and unsolvable encounter with death, using Heidegger’s philosophy but also other philosophical sources. It than exploits the psychoanalytical implication of “care” as valued in philosophy, concluding that “care” may be understood as the very sign of our division, of our wanderings, of our singular way of being caught up in a desire which is fundamentally the desire of the Other, that is to say an unconscious desire.

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Metafizyka dziś

Author(s): Daniel Roland Sobota / Language(s): Polish Issue: 22/2022

According to the large number of mutually confirming diagnoses that began to appear in the second half of the twentieth century, we live today in a “society of the spectacle” in which the spectacle determines the dominant model of social life. The development of digital media has radicalised this situation to a far-reaching extent, without fundamentally changing its truth. Today we are only participants in a virtual show. This self-characterisation of the latest era in world history invokes, and radicalises too, the metaphor of the theatrum mundi. The central question of the article is whether, if the world is all game and untruth, metaphysics – which is supposed to be the domain of truth – is possible (and how). Today’s metaphysics can be variously understood, including ultimately as a metaphysics of the spectacle, in other words, as a metaphysics of the day. This could be a metaphysics of appearing and showing, a metaphysics of phenomenality, of the word, or phenomenological metaphysics. The reason I have highlighted the phenomenological approach is, first, the fact that the main theme in phenomenology is the appearance of that which appears and, second, the increasingly recurrent conviction that this appearance should be examined not purely “theoretically” but through specific, fully attentive and involved action that prevents the knower from assuming merely the passive position of a spectator (as was the case before). Knowing is a question of doing. This is why I see phenomenology, understood in this context as specific performative action, as best suited for addressing the metaphysical challenge of the spectacle-based nature of contemporary reality.

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Coming out jako rytuał przejścia - nowa metafizyka kształtowania tożsamości

Author(s): Joanna Anczaruk / Language(s): Polish Issue: 22/2022

The aim of this article is to analyse the diary narratives from the volume Cała siła, jaka czerpię na życie (All the Strength I Draw for My Life: Testimonies, Accounts, Diaries of LGBTQ + People), using Mircea Eliade’s religious studies methodology. By extracting recurring motifs from the texts and juxtaposing them with elements of the initiation scenario, the article shows that the act of coming out can be treated as a modern version of the rite of passage. This analysis is presented along with ideas on the possibility of practising metaphysical reflection in modernity. By referring to the concepts of Emmanuel Levinas, Paul Ricoeur, and Hans-Georg Gadamer, the article demonstrates how modern spirituality can be approached as a condition that allows people to search for the Other and the sacred through the hermeneutic conversation that occurs while reading a text. In this way, the process of shaping identity is understood as an opportunity to open oneself to otherness, spirituality, and metaphysics.

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Czy w globalne ocieplenie należy wierzyć?

Author(s): Roman Chymkowski / Language(s): Polish Issue: 22/2022

This article analyses books and speeches by Al Gore, former Vice President of the United States and winner of the Nobel Peace Prize. Gore consistently warns of an impending ecological disaster whose cause is a robber economy which does not take into account the ecological consequences. In particular, global warming caused by the burning of fossil fuels, which are the basic energy source of the modern economy, is a threat to life on Earth. In Gore’s opinion, the ecological crisis accompanies a spiritual one, and both of these crises stem from the philosophy of the Enlightenment, which is responsible for alienating civilisation from its natural environment (Löwith, Taubes). Gore’s warnings of ecological apocalypse form a manifesto of the economic, political, and moral revolution that is needed. The fight against the effects of global warming presupposes fundamental changes in the way of life of every human being, as well as a moral renewal based on reinterpreted religious traditions, especially Christian ones. From this point of view, Gore’s project can be described in terms of the politics of faith (Oakeshott).

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Zwrot ontologiczny w naukach społecznych jako próba pomyślenia nowego porządku społeczno-politycznego ludzi i rzeczy

Author(s): Bartosz Kamiński / Language(s): Polish Issue: 22/2022

The aim of this article is to try to conceptualise a new political order – one separated from the individualism and profit considered in neoliberal narration, which seems to be based on the epistemological tradition. The author uses the theories of Bruno Latour and Andrzej W. Nowak to visualise how, via an “ontological turn” in the social sciences, a new social and political order, opposed to neoliberalism and capitalism, could be conceived. The philosophical foundation to which the author will refer is Baruch Spinoza’s Ethics, particularly as read by Gilles Deleuze. The new order within “the ontological turn” will be shown as a practical approach which does not appropriate objects but uses them as part of wider thing–human relations. These are ties between humans but also between humans and things, considered as an assemblage of these components. This is a project of non-substantial metaphysics in which the hierarchy of beings based on private property is rejected.

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Nowa aluzyjność i symulacja metafizyki – hipermodernistyczne doświadczenie na przykładach z kręgu Café Forgot

Author(s): Jędrzej Latecki / Language(s): Polish Issue: 22/2022

Classical metaphysics is no longer a credible basis for the practice of philosophy. Nevertheless, it is sometimes present in the form of aesthetic references. By evoking a specific vision of the world and values, it can shape the experience./ This article describes a phenomenon that the author calls the “New Allusiveness and the Simulation of Metaphysics.” Starting from empirical observation of youth fashion as presented on Instagram, the author draws attention to the ambivalent attitude of female artists towards metaphysicality. Their attitude appears to rely on an affirmative evocation with the simultaneous impression of fear or of the grotesque. Starting from the perspective of the cultural logic of hypermodernism, the author sees the need for a new kind of relationship to the values associated with modernism and postmodernism. The author notes that there has been a change in attitudes to irony and a lack of interest in depth. These have been replaced with a sense of hope, with faith, presupposition, and the possibility of meaning and order; however, being kept at a distance and lined with cynicism, they take on a simulacral character.

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„Zrobiliśmy rewolucję trochę i zmieniliśmy obraz wróżki”

Author(s): Agnieszka Stecko-Żukowska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 22/2022

As social, economic, and environmental crises deepen, there is a growing demand in societies for spiritual practices that institutional religions can no longer serve. The aim of this article is to present and analyse – with the use of theoretical tools from cultural studies, communication and media sciences, and the sociology of religion – the impact of social media on the contemporary magic, esotericism, and occultism practiced through these media. Based on observations and interviews conducted on TikTok and Instagram using grounded theory methodology, the author presents examples of the use of the technological functions of social media platforms as vehicles for magic activities. She also proposes a division of the Polish witchcraft community into three generations, which differ in the way they conceptualise their profession. The article also points out the functional and discursive similarities between the practices of the youngest generation of social media witches and the popular trend of self-development and personal growth.

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Philosophical and Cultural Analysis of Oksana Chepelyk’s Art Project “Refraction of Reality”

Author(s): Svitlana Stoian,Iryna Maslikova / Language(s): English Issue: 18/2022

The article carries out a philosophical and cultural analysis of the creative works by Ukrainian artist Oksana Chepelyk on the example of her art project “Refraction of Reality”. Ukrainian artist tries to reflect on the problem of modern human’s existence in a technocratic world. The artist actively uses latest media technologies to visualize the total inclusion of a person in the technocratic reality. Despite the criticism of many modern thinkers, among whom the most radical position about modern art is taken by Jean Baudrillard, the authors this research justify necessity of improvement reality via new media technologies. The modern person, in particular the creative person, is clearly aware that it is impossible to change the surrounding reality with all its innovations, and it is only possible to adapt to these changes, using technologies to their advantage, minimizing their harm as much as possible.

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Modern Academic Sinology in Ukraine: Philosophical Research Area in the 1990s – 2020s

Author(s): Heorhii Vdovychenko / Language(s): English Issue: 18/2022

The article offers an overall score of the main philosophical achievements of Ukrainian academic Sinology from the very dawn of the independent Ukraine’s era up to this day. The contribution of its leading figures to the study of the history of Chinese philosophical education, science and culture since the very beginning to the present day is the main object of the research. Over thirty years of philosophical Sinology’s development at the A. Yu. Krymskyi Institute of Oriental Studies of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (NAS of Ukraine) and the H. S. Skovoroda Institute of Philosophy of the NAS of Ukraine, first of all scholarly works of V. Kiktenko and S. Kapranov, are in the spotlight here. The article also deals with the Sinological studies of their colleagues both from these two institutes, namely V. Pyrohiv, V. Hamianin and A. Usyk, and from other domestic academies, as the ones of O. Shparyk from the National Academy of Educational Sciences of Ukraine, the Institute for Pedagogical and Adult Education. The scholarly heritage of V. Sednev as doctoral student of the Institute of World Economy and International Relations of the NAS of Ukraine and the one of O. Boichenko from the Center for Humanitarian Education of the NAS of Ukraine are also reviewed here. It is noteworthy that the life paths of not only these two, but also many other Ukrainian Sinologists were closely connected exactly with the Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv and Chinese studies in it. We have already explored the progress of philosophical Sinology both at this and a number of other universities in the capital of Ukraine, for example the National University of “Kyiv-Mohyla Academy”, and at some regional Ukrainian institutes and universities. This study revealingly testifies to their fruitful cooperation both with Sinologists of the NAS of Ukraine and with the Ukrainian Association of Sinologists, arose on the basis of this cooperation.

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Czy genetyka dowodzi, że zygota to człowiek? Teorioargumentacyjna analiza uzasadnienia kryterium genetycznego w Deklaracji o przerywaniu ciąży

Author(s): Piotr M. Sękowski / Language(s): Polish Issue: 60/2022

In the Declaration on Procured Abortion, 1974, the Catholic Church argues that the zygote is human because it has a human genotype. The article presents a logical analysis of this argument. It shows that this argument is largely faulty. Thomism plays the function of warranty in this argumentation. The enthymematic Thomistic assumptions are necessary for the inference from premise to conclusion at all. Moreover, it turns out that this argument presupposes a Thomistic interpretation of biological concepts that is inconsistent with modern biological knowledge. Thus, the statement contained in the Declaration has not been effectively argued on the grounds of biology, and it even seems that biology undermines it. It is possible only as a metaphysical statement and only on the basis of certain metaphysics.

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Riturile educaționale și inițiatice hinduse. Cazul particular al ritului de trecere Upanayana

Author(s): Hilda Hedvig Varga / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 1/2021

The paper focuses on the topic of educational and adolescence rites in Hinduism, to which the most important rite of this interval of human existence is added: initiation. The educational rites ‒ Vidyārambha (learning of the alphabet), Vedārambha (beginning of Vedic studies) ‒ highlight the time when the individual is at the onset of his growth. The rite of adolescence Keśānta/Godāna (first shaving) represents the celebration of the transformation of the body in this complex process of becoming. Initiation (Upanayana) is, by far, the most intricate rite of passage, which marries the religious sphere with the social and moral one: it opens the gate towards philosophical and theoretical knowledge, it bestows upon the initiated the privilege of moving forward to the next existential stage – that of head of a family (gṛhastha) – through the second birth (dvija), and prepares him for living in a community in which he needs to contribute. Thus, man sets off into the unknown accomplished in every aspect of life, assuming, with responsibility, his active role in the society whose member he is. His becoming ends once the rite of returning home (Samāvartana) is performed, after which the individual is free to rejoin his community, gathering all the fruits and benefits of the knowledge acquired during initiation.

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Patočkova naděje v duchovním rozlomu druhé republiky

Author(s): Milan Drápala / Language(s): Czech Issue: 2/2022

The third commentary on the article "Česká naděje na duchovní vlast" [The Czech Hopes for a Spiritual Homelnad] by the philosopher Jan Patočka examines the place of Patočka’s contemporary reflections on the post-Munich crisis in the cultural and spiritual framework of the Second Czechoslovak Republic. He focuses on Patočka’s criticism of the interwar Czechoslovak Republic against the backdrop of Czech spiritual development, on his distant attitude towards the national conservative revolution carried out by the regime of the Second Republic and on the philosopher’s conception of hope in the context of the contemporary search for solutions. He points to the central importance of the idea of a European education with its tendency towards universalism for the thought of Jan Patočka, who found in it a hopeful perspective for Czech inner renewal and spiritual endeavour.

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