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The paper analyses the implementation of the environmental dimension of Agenda 2030 in the EU. The introductory section on UN Agenda 2030 - Environmental and Climate Change offers a detailed overview of the objectives, covering the environmental dimension of Agenda 2030 in a narrower sense, while the next section focuses on analysing the implementation of these goals in the EU through documents, strategies and indicators within Eurostat annual reports. The paper concludes that, despite the EU's commitment to environmental policies, especially in the context of climate change, further attention needs to be focused to implementing two elements: the climate change adaptation process and the proactive role of the EU in global climate action.
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European Union (EU) is fostering the quintuple helix approach as it recognizes sustainable development and innovation as important development priorities. The quintuple helix represents a new framework which includes new knowledge, more stakeholders with sustainable development at its center. The EU has put in place different policy measures, regulations and funds to support designing and implementation of innovation strategies and sustainable development in all Member States. The objective of this paper is twofold as it includes identifying key features of helix innovation model and its evolution over time, and exploring EU efforts to transform to the quintuple helix system. The purpose of this paper is to explain the new context of development where innovation and sustainability should be considered as key elements. Using the example of the European Union, this paper studies policies and measures that the EU has put in place in order to support innovations as well as inclusive, smart and sustainable development, which are significant parts of the quintuple helix approach.
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Research question: The aim of the paper is to identify the statistically significant drivers for gold panning revisit intention at the River Pek in Serbia as one of the key factors in determining a positive effect on the destination’s economic sustainability. Motivation: The paper measures the effects of learning, socialization, nature and prestige and their influence on revisit intention. Idea: The core idea of this paper was to empirically evaluate the relationship between recogized tourism motivation as an independent variable and revisit intention as a dependent variable, given that revisit intention represents an important indicator regarding the sustainablity of an emerging tourist destination. Data: Empirical research was conducted on a sample of 230 respondents. A convenience sample was used and was constructed of people who had visited the River Pek as members of organized groups. Tools: Analysis of the data was conducted in SPSS and Amos. The statistical analysis was implemented in two steps. Since this model contains one dependent and four independent variables, its validity has been tested by means of a confirmatory factor analysis. In order to test the significance and strength of the effects independent of the dependent variable, a structural equation model was applied. Findings: The findings of the research suggest that two variables are statistically significant triggers of revisit intention – nature and prestige. Obviously, tourists are likely to engage in the activity of gold panning due to having a desire to experience something new and exciting, which is considerably different from their everyday activities, as well as from other types of tourism. Contribution: The main contribution of the study is to describe in more detail the concept of gold panning and its potential – as a form of niche tourism – to contribute towards establishing the River Pek as a sustainable tourist destination. The study also contributes to existing literature through the implementation of quantitative research of the motives for gold panning.
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The importance of environmental accounting has been recognized on a global scale, and thus environmental reporting has become legally required. The implementation of environmental accounting results in environmental information that has become part of the company’s non-financial report, as well as a component in creating a comprehensive overview of the company’s business activities. The aim of this paper is to research into the environmental accounting and reporting within Croatian listed manufacturing companies. It analyses the manner in which companies report environmental information, as well as the share of environmental information in the financial reports of listed companies in 2017, focusing on the manufacturing industry as the one with the most significant environmental impact. The results show that listed manufacturing companies do not use environmental accounting sufficiently, which consequently leads to insufficient environmental reporting. Listed manufacturing companies in the Republic of Croatia mostly report environmental information in a quantitative manner. The results of the analysis of environmental information show that companies’ reports often contain information on pollution and exhaust gases, while sustainability information is the least present information. In addition, few companies report on sustainability related to natural resource stocks and consumption and recycling. Thus, it is clear that caring for natural resources and protecting the environment for future generations are a low priority for management in the Croatian listed manufacturing companies. The companies surveyed report environmental information differently depending on the sub-sector they belong to. Furthermore, the implementation of environmental accounting and reporting has not increased on the basis of legal regulations.
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This research investigates macro factors’ influence on energy and alternative energy stocks. The market risk premium, industry risk premium, and the percentage change in oil price from January 2003 to December 2019 are examined for their impact on energy stocks’ risk premium by applying the multifactor model analysis. The results suggested that market sentiment plays an important role on both fossil and alternative energy stocks’ return but at unequal level. The impact of oil price change is rather low. Surprisingly, the industry risk premium is not statistically significant in this study. The results suggest that fossil energy stocks and alternative energy stocks are not integrated. Investors could gain diversification benefit from holding these two subsectors together. The unexplained part is still high, accordingly, the uncounted variables in this study should be further explored.
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The main purpose of the current publication is to formulate a scenario model for the analysis of the opportunities for low-carbon economy establishment in the countries with transition economies. The model studies risk factors such as shadow economy level and populism based on the implementation and development of Balkan countries’ economic policy and at the same time shows future climate changes tendencies and uncertainties of climate models. A transdisciplinary approach is implemented in the study. Climate change perception and understanding about the low-carbon economy are examined through the public opinion and analysis of mass-media publications. The results of the research are important in order to clarify the multicultural divergences as a factor for risk and uncertainty in the implementation process of the policy for climate change. In this way, geographical aspects of risk and uncertainty, which are not only related to the economic development of the relevant countries, could be brought out.
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The purpose of this study is to determine the resilience of oil intensive Romanian communities to oil price fluctuations. The methodology employed is based on identifying the communities with the most extensive oil extraction activities using GIS (Geographic Information System) software. We then apply a random effects panel regression model to check the significance of the oil price as a predictor of employment. Results indicate that the effect of oil price fluctuations is limited, with employment in the identified communities following the national trend. Unfortunately, our study is hindered by data availability issues and a short time series. Nevertheless, conclusions are backed by the country’s characteristics – a diversified economy, integration with refining operations, and the presence of related manufacturing and services activities. The study adds to the existing literature by focusing on a mature region with a long history of hydrocarbon extraction activities. We argue that the study of local communities in mature regions is of great importance in the context of the ongoing energy transition, particularly of those located within the European Union.
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This study examines the factors that tend to affect citizens intent and behavior towards recycling. There are several key factors that can influence this behavior, such as Individual perception and behavior towards recycling as well as the spatial planning of recycling bins and the recycling culture. Taking these variables into account a quantitative survey was carried out on a sample of 307 people in the municipality of Kavala from June 2018 to June 2019. The data were gathered through the use of a structured questionnaire implemented with the SPSS 20.0 and the techniques applied were Correlation Analysis, Regression analysis and ANOVA analysis. The results of the survey showed that “Recycling Behavior” and “Recycling Culture” are the factors that affect the behavior towards recycling the most according to the citizens of Kavala. On the other hand “Spatial planning of recycling bins” seems to be indifferent to the participants while “Individual perception about recycling” is the least agreeable factor. One of the most basic and uncontrolled constraints is the objectivity of the responses given by the individuals who completed the questionnaires. It is worth mentioning the negative reaction of many male respondents when they were informed about the subject of the survey. In a way, the researcher tried to obtain the most objective answers possible through clarifying questions. In addition, some of the difficulties faced by the researcher were the negative responses about answering the questionnaire using as an excuse the lack of time, while individual cases of respondents (10) refused to participate in the research because its issue was not of their concern or interest. This survey shows citizens' behavior towards recycling following the implementation of recycling measures by the Municipality of Kavala.
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After the gas crisis in 2009 Slovakia tried to diversify the sources and directions of gas supply. The Slovak authorities are aware that its position as a transit country grows less and less; this country is particularly important for transit of Russian gas, passing over Ukraine. Therefore, it is important to expand the infrastructural connections linking Slovakia with other Central European countries, also as part of the North-South Corridor project. According to the analysis neither now nor in the foreseeable future there is a country that could replace Russia as the most important gas importer. If the volumes of natural gas sent through Slovakia are significantly reduced this may lead to instability of gas supply to this country.
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