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“Ahogy gondozza, úgy veszi hasznát.” Hagyományos ökológiai tudás és gazdálkodás Gyimesben

Author(s): Kinga Öllerer / Language(s): English / Issue: 21/2016

The reviewed book meets the increase expectation of studying traditional ecological knowledge of the Hungarian-speaking Csángó [Tsango] ethnics, comparing it to Western science, and thus bringing further substantial proof of how traditional ecological knowledge can complement and help deepen scientific findings.

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“The Meadow is the Mother of the Field.” Comparing Transformations in Hay Production in Three European Agroecosystems

Author(s): Tommy Lennartsson,Anna Westin,Anamaria Iuga,Elizabeth Jones,Scott Madry,Seth Murray,Eva Gustavsson / Language(s): English / Issue: 21/2016

This research compares the production of hay in three historical European agroecological systems: in northern Romania, central Sweden and eastern central France. We analyse hay production in relation to the entire production system, the local natural conditions, and the variety of ways by which hay production was transformed over time. We found broad commonalities, but also discovered significant differences in each of three historical trajectories. Introduction of fodder crops, crop rotations and mechanization are important drivers of changes in all three areas, although the timing, sequence and causation vary from place to place. There are significant differences in the organization of farm labour, in the role of beef and dairy production, the role of political reforms and the climatic constraints of outdoor grazing which affected the transformation of fodder production. This paper highlights the potential of an integrated, interdisciplinary approach for better understanding the complex interaction of people, their social and economic contexts, and their environment.

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„Rzeczpospolita Ptasia” jako przykład produktu ekoturystycznego kreowanego w Euroregionie „Pro Europa Viadrina”

Author(s): Sylwia Graja-Zwolinska,Marlena Kulinska,Aleksandra Spychala / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 24/2015

Euroregions have great potential which allows them to create a wide range of different tourism forms, including ecotourism. You can see it among others in “Pro Europa Viadrina” Euroregion, set up in 1993 by three organization: two Polish and one German. The unique natural values exhibited by different forms of the protected areas (among them: national parks “Ujście Warty” and “Unteres Odertal”, numerous landscape parks and nature parks), peculiar cultural values (for instance: watermills in Odra – Sprewa Region), and also the activity of different organizations (among them: Nature Club, Brandenburgia Nature Lovers Union) offers great possibility for ecotourism development. „Rzeczpospolita Ptasia” has been functioned on the Euroregion area since 2002, an initiative which primarily promotes the richness of fowl existing in Warta estuary region. For the last some years the representatives of local society (especially Słońsk municipality inhabitants) created a complete ecological tourism product. This idea has been appreciated on a pan-European forum, winning the first prize in the competition organized by European Commission, searching the best tourism destinations. This article presents the essence and the characteristics of ecotourism product elaborated on the basis of literature analysis moreover by the authors experience gained during field research in the area of Warta estuary. It shows the development of “Rzeczpospolita Ptasia” during the last some years, it emphasizes its main strengths and also stresses the meaning of local entrepreneurship in tourism market specialization. „Rzeczpospolita Ptasia” ecotourism product is an example of good practice which is worth promoting and popularizing so that it could become a source of experience and inspiration for other ecoregions.

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ФАКТОРЫ РАЗВИТИЯ ПОМЕЩИЧЬЕГО ХОЗЯЙСТВА ЛАИШЕВСКОГО УЕЗДА КАЗАНСКОЙ ГУБЕРНИИ В ПОРЕФОРМЕННЫЙ ПЕРИОД

Author(s): Yelena Valerevna Mironova / Language(s): Russian / Issue: 3/2014

Using unpublished materials, we consider manor farms in the Laishevsky uyezd in the second half of the 19th and the early 20th century. By analyzing factors and patterns of development of manors of the nobility, we come to a conclusion that manors in this uyezd were in favorable geographical and socio-economic conditions. However, due to a number reasons such as loan debts, lack of agronomic knowledge among owners and stewards, landowners’ engagement in state service, the reduction of manor land ownership look place.

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Феномен вредительства в социально-политическом контексте и современном дискурсе гуманитарного знания

Author(s): V. V. Kondrashin,O. A. Sukhova / Language(s): Russian / Issue: 19/2017

On the basis of the documents of the Archive of the Russian Federation President and regional archives authors come to a conclusion about the key importance of “sabotage” of the concept for the understanding of the era, in the context of large-scale reflection of the social project that engulfed Soviet society in the 1920s — 1930s. Its purpose advocated the formation of a meaning of social and cultural space, necessary to compensate for the social cost and sacrifice and for the rebalancing of the system of social and political interaction. The appeal to customary law, to a picture of the world of the traditional society, was needed for optimal regulation of social behavior and strengthening executive discipline in the conditions of forced industrialization. These documents indicate the existence of a direct relationship between the start of a massive politicization of economic processes and increased repression and the policy of collectivization. “Saboteurs” were punished for the organization of counter-revolutionary sabotage in the machine-tractor stations and state farms of a number of areas of Ukraine, the North Caucasus and Belarus, expressed in the deterioration and destruction of tractors and agricultural machinery, deliberate contamination of fields, setting fire machine-tractor stations, machine-tractor workshops harvesting and threshing in order to undermine the material situation of the peasantry and the creation of the state of hunger in the country and so forth. In the future, the arbitrariness of ordinary executors of party guidelines served as the basis for the organization of the extermination of an entire layer of the nomenclature, which was entrusted with the mission of breaking the unpopular former system. Objectively, their fate was sealed from the outset, and all top managers at the district level have been punished. In the process of the Great Terror among the accused will appear, as a rule, the secretaries and chairmen of district committees, MTS director, heads of departments of land and livestock departments.

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Фестивалът на дивите цветя – нови посоки за развитие на селото

Author(s): Yana Yancheva / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 3/2018

In this article I present the potential of the Wild Flower Festival in the area of the villages of the upper bank of the Arda River as a new type of ‘production’ and an alternative non-agricultural way for development in the rural context. The article follows the history and mission of the festival in its development, the specialized events and the interactions between the main social actors – external NGO specialists and local stakeholders. It reflects the impact of the festival on the local communities through the mobilization of knowledge and experience, the appreciation of local cultural specifics, targeted actions for preservation of the natural and cultural wealth of the Rhodope Mountains. The article explores how local natural and cultural resources are being used as a new type of production in rural areas.

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Физичко-географска својства Сувоборског краја са аспекта развоја шљиварства

Author(s): Jelena Kovacevic-Majkic,Milovan Milivojevic / Language(s): Serbian / Issue: 1/2006

Plum production is one of the most developed branches of agriculture in Suvobor region, and with that characteristics, it is of crucial importance for the development of this area. Especially on southern slopes of Mt. Suvobor, there are favourable natural conditions for plum production. According to geological base (considerable areas of serpentinites) hydrogeological characteristics and regional hydrological conditions are different in various parts of Suvobor region. From sustainable development point of view, it is necessary to take into consideration the results of hydrological researches about real amounts of water, water balance and possibilities of their usage in order to improve the plum production. Water quality, according to the possible influence of serpentinites, could be a limiting factor for plum growing development. Making water objects register and estimation of water quality, favourablly contribute to improvement of this branch of agriculture.

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ФИНАНСИРАНЕ НА АГРАРНИЯ СЕКТОР – АСПЕКТИ СЛЕД ПРИЕМАНЕТО НА БЪЛГАРИЯ В ЕС

Author(s): Milen Vlaev / Language(s): Bulgarian / Publication Year: 0

The purpose of this report is to analyze the more important structural changes in the bank lending of agribusiness in Bulgaria for the period since Bulgaria's accession to the EU and to identify the potential problems and challenges as a result of the economic crisis in our country, on this basis to propose recommendations for improving the financing of the sector.

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Финансиране на веригата на стойността в земеделието – възможност за подобряване на достъпа до финанси на българските агрофирми

Author(s): Damyan Kirechev / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 3/2018

The article focuses on funding opportunities for the value chain in agriculture. Students are studying the financial instruments of the value chain in agriculture. The idea is that adopting innovative solutions to finance agriculture will improve access to agribusiness finances, create higher value in agribusiness, stabilize incomes and increase competitiveness. Financing the value chain in agriculture implies focusing on the use of an integrated and strategic approach, including: integration into the finance supply chain (financial institutions); structural aid from the government to strengthen the supply chain; enhancing information systems for protection against risks; enhancing cooperation and co-operation, etc. Achieving long-term economic benefits and fair value distribution in agriculture implies focusing on raising the role of different stakeholders such as government, financial institutions, processors, traders, and others.

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Фізичні властивості овочів як основа прийняття рішення щодо їхньої технологічної переробки (на прикладі кабачків)

Author(s): Tetyana Nepochatykh / Language(s): Ukrainian / Issue: 8/2017

The article is devoted to the study of physical properties (porosity, physical and true density) of zucchinis of different kinds. Close relationship between these indicators were proven theoretically and practically. It is recommended, considering the dependence of the true density of vegetables on the moisture content, take into account the ratio of bound and free moisture in them, because their density is different in size. This is especially important for the rate of process of diffusion of sugar syrup into raw material during the production of candied fruits.

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ФІЛОСОФСЬКО-ІСТОРИЧНІ АСПЕКТИ КУЛЬТУРНО - МИСТЕЦЬКОГО РОЗКВІТУ В УКРАЇНІ У ХVIII СТОЛІТТІ

Author(s): Lidiya Potapova / Language(s): Ukrainian / Issue: 2/2018

The article examines the philosophical and historical aspects of the development of theatrical, chronicle art in the eighteenth century in the context of social and political changes, reveals the inner life of society through the philosophy of culture. The purpose of the article is to reveal the peculiarities of the cultural development of Ukraine during the national revival of Ukraine with the help of analysis of chronicle sources, the cultural phenomena of theatrical and fair art, the role of I. Mazepa in the development of book printing and public education, the first universities. The research methodology is subject to the purpose of the article and is based on a descriptive method, historical and analytical is also used. cultural-contextual approaches. The novelty of the study. The author tried to conduct for the first time in the presented article a dialectical connection between the multilayered historical cultural picture of the 18th century. and the theatrical art in the socio-historical context of Ukraine. The role of political and historical figures (for example, I. Mazepa) is not identified with their social activities, but is revealed in the context of the prospects for national development. Conclusions. Proceeding from the purpose of the article, we come to the conclusion that there is a kind of "national psychological form" due to the multi-layered and differential nature of the socio-political context of the nation.

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Фітотоксичність субстрату породних відвалів кам’яновугільних шахт за впливу попелу теплоелектростанцій і гумату калію

Author(s): Yaroslav Shpak,Iryna Zapisotska,Volodymyr Baranov,Olha Terek / Language(s): Ukrainian / Issue: 3/2017

The influence of ash from the Dobrotvir thermal power plant dumps and potassium humate "STB-45" on the phytotoxicity of the rock dumps substrate of coal mines in Chervonograd mining region has been researched. Sudan grass Sorghum bicolor subsp. drummondii (Nees ex Steud.) has been used as a biotester. The increase of the stem height, leaf area, length and mass of roots under the influence of the addition of ash dumps to the substrate has been discovered. Application of the humate only has increased just the leaf area and the mass of roots. Adding ash with humate significantly increased the value of all the studied morphometric parameters and the influence on the mass of roots was more effective than under the use of the ash only. It has been found out that adding humate increases chlorophyll a in leaves. Adding ash and humate with ash demonstrated increasing chlorophyll a together with the simultaneous reduction of feofityn a. Increased values of morphometric parameters of the Sudan grass, increase of chlorophyll content, combined with the reduction of feofityn, indicates the reduction of stress for plants, caused by phytotoxicity. It has been discovered that the use of coal ash from thermal power plants together with potassium Gumat "STB-45" for reducing phytotoxicity of dumps is more effective than the use of just one of the meliorants.

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Флористичка и вегетацијска разноврсност Груже

Author(s): Snežana Vujadinovic,Mirjana Gajic / Language(s): Serbian / Issue: 2/2005

Plant life of Gruza is diverse and floristically rich. Due to the lack of the economic development, Gruza is an ecological oasis of Sumadija. Improvement, protection and balanced use of forest and grass vegetation is the task not only of forestry and agriculture, but of a series of other actions, connected directly or indirectly with this natural resource.

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ФОРМИРОВАНИЕ ПРИОРИТЕТНЫХ ФАКТОРОВ ОПТИМИЗАЦИИ И ИНТЕНСИФИКАЦИИ ФУНКЦИОНИРОВАНИЯ ПТИЦЕВОДЧЕСКИХ ПРЕДПРИЯТИЙ

Author(s): Natalia Prozorova / Language(s): Russian / Issue: 2/2015

It is proposed the formation of priority factors to optimize and intensify the operation of poultry farms on the basis of the creation of a single information and logistics center, which will create a functional relationship between the organizational and economic resources, marketing strategy and the efficiency of logistics operations that affect the competitiveness of the poultry farms.

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Формування конкурентних переваг молокопереробних підприємств на продовольчому ринку України

Author(s): S. Ostryanina / Language(s): Ukrainian / Issue: 23/2013

The purpose of this article is to adopt the milk processing enterprises competitiveness management mechanism in order to obtain competitive advantage. Short description of made work at this article. The notions of “competitive advantage” and “competitiveness” and their cause-and-effect difference are considered. The aim and main tasks of competitive advantages management are described. The competitive advantages classification and competitiveness creation factors are identified. Conclusions competitive advantages are comparable; modern milk processing enterprise is a complex industrial, economic and social system; competitiveness management mechanism is the base for the enterprise environmental adaptation.

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Формування споживних властивостей цукрового печива за рахунок використанням шроту з насіння гарбуза

Author(s): Yana Bachynska / Language(s): Ukrainian / Issue: 6/2018

Sugar cookies are the most common among flour confectionery, they have high energy value and insufficient content of basic nutrients. Excessive consumption of cookies can lead to a number of diseases. This necessitates the development of new food products of everyday demand, including flour confectionery products of high biological value. The paper studies the effect of pumpkin seed pomace on the production of sugar biscuits with the increased biological value. The results of the commodity examination of the developed cookie sample are presented and the comparison with traditional samples of sugar cookies of other producers is carried out. The expediency of using pumpkin seed pomace in the technology of sugar biscuit production has been proved to expand the range of high biological value confectionery products and products with the reduced level of caloric content. Through simulation it has been found that the optimum amount of pumpkin seed pomace is 2.76 % (18 g) of the weight of the flour. With an increase in the amount of pomace the ability to soak decreases, which is why this ratio will contribute to the enrichment of sugar cookies and the preservation of the quality of physics-chemical indicators. The addition of pumpkin seed pomace to cookies composition positively influenced the chemical composition of the ready product, saturating it with proteins, food fibers, polyunsaturated fatty acids, vitamins and minerals. After all, when consuming 100 g of the product there are tendencies in compensation of more than 10 % of daily norm in proteins, fats, carbohydrates; mineral substances - from 2.33 % to 25.78 %; vitamins from 3,35 % to 9,44 %, which is explained by the positive effect on the body and satisfying basic nutrients to different categories of the population. The dynamics of changes in the quality of the developed sample at the time of fabrication and after its storage was investigated. It is proved that organoleptic parameters change basically - there appears a taste and a smell of rancidity, which is explained by the oxidation of fats.

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Формування та реалізація лідерського потенціалу молоді об’єднаних територіальних громад України

Author(s): Svetlana Sliusar,Natalya Moroziuk / Language(s): Ukrainian / Issue: 40/2019

Object of research is the system of formation and realization of leader potential of youth of joint territorial communities of Ukraine. Methods which were used in the course of the research. In the course of the research the complex of general scientific methods and receptions was used, namely: comparative analysis and synthesis, abstraction, a method of induction and deduction, idealization, generalization, analogy, modeling and also special - expert poll, group, forecasting. Results of a research. Results of a research of the mechanism of activization of leader potential of youth which would involve all interested parties (public authorities, local self-government, business, the public, higher education institutions) for the sake of wellbeing and prosperity of the joint territorial communities (JTC) are presented in article. Conditions and problems of formation and realization of leader potential of youth of territorial communities of Ukraine and EU countries are investigated; it is studied scientific bases of domestic and foreign experiment on a role and places of youth in development of territorial communities; it is theoretically proved the system of formation and realization of leader potential of JTC; factors of formation and effective realization of leader potential of youth of JTC in various spheres are defined. Range of application of results: territorial communities of Ukraine which will use the recommendations about formation of leader potential of youth developed on the basis of a certain psychological portrait of the leader necessary for the Ukrainian society in the conditions of reforming. Conclusions. In the conditions of difficult political, social and economic conditions of development of Ukraine, considerably became complicated in recent years, all weaknesses of life in Ukraine amplified. Especially sharply there was a dilemma of future our state, basic change of the existing system of the public relations as pledge of an exit from a crisis situation and full development of the state. Among all pressing problems began to arise a question on what basis to build the future of Ukraine who has to be main «base» of construction of qualitatively new state. In this context, according to us, the main emphasis at the national level has to be concentrated on development of the system of formation and realization of leader potential of youth of the joint territorial communities (JTC) of Ukraine.

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Хидролошке карактеристике и проблеми хидроакумулационог система Чалма

Author(s): Stevan Savic,Dragoslav Pavic,Dragan Dolinaj / Language(s): Serbian / Issue: 1/2008

Srem, as traditional farming, orchard and wine-growing region, faces the problem of shortage of water needed for agriculture. During the seventies of the last century brook valleys in the southern part of Fruska Gora loess plateau were intended to be dammed. Thus, artificial lakes could have been formed. It took long period of time to put these projects into practice and numerous projects have not started yet. After the dams had been built and lakes filled with water, planners faced hydro-geological problems at many locations. Nevertheless, these accumulations fulfill their primary function, i.e. they ensure water for irrigation and protect agricultural land from floods. There is a hydroaccumulation system, Calma lakes, near the village of Calma. Its primary function was to ensure water supplies for agriculture, but eventually it got new significance which can be noticed in fish raising and sport fishing development.

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Ценова интеграция на пазара на пшеница и царевица във Франция и България

Author(s): Bozhidar Ivanov,Emilia Sokolova / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 2/2018

The price integration of the French and Bulgarian wheat and maize markets are explored and the magnitude and speed of price transmission and the characteristics of price behavior are determined. The main methods applied are based on cointegration analysis. Data from the European Commission and the National Statistical Institute is used.

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Ценови риск за производителите на основни зърнени и маслодайни култури в държавите от Черноморски регион

Author(s): Tanya Georgieva / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 2/2018

The geographic location and the combination of natural and climatic conditions in the Black Sea region are comparatively favorable for cereals and sunflower seeds production and trade. The region offers a diverse picture of macroeconomic policies that affect agricultural production. This raises the question of the impact of government policies on price levels and price risk rates faced by agricultural producers in Black Sea region countries. The purpose of this paper is to make a comparative assessment of price levels, price risk and the impact of macroeconomic policies on these variables for wheat, maize and sunflower growers on the basis of particular concept of price risk. The survey covers the period 2007-2014. The risk levels in Bulgaria, Romania, Ukraine and Turkey were measured by a coefficient of variation for the prices. In order to assess the impact of government policies on price levels, a Nominal Protection Ratio was used. The impact of world prices on producer prices has been assessed.

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