We kindly inform you that, as long as the subject affiliation of our 300.000+ articles is in progress, you might get unsufficient or no results on your third level or second level search. In this case, please broaden your search criteria.
The author addresses the issue of determination of cultural and morphological characteristics of Sarmatian migrants in the Southern Urals, the Lower Volga Region and the Lower Don.The innovations in Sarmatian cultures and their reflection on the craniological materials were studied by the methods of one-dimensional and multidimensional statistics.The results of the study of changes in the cultural complexes allowed the author to classify the migration of Sarmatian period, to trace the changes in the clothing complex and funerary rite associated with the migration, to identify the specifics of each of the Sarmatian cultures and thus to determine the cultural characteristics of migrants.The results of the anthropological research allowed the author to identify certain historical periods during which migrants were assimilating with the substrate population in the studied area. All of this led to a gradual change in their morphological appearance. First of all, the mixing occurred at the expense of migrants from the Southern Siberia, accompanied both by fixation of the long-headed Caucasoid component and Mongoloid-Caucasoid anthropological features, and later at the expense of some alien groups with the long-headed Caucasoid complex from the North Caucasus with physically identical population.
More...
This article presents a comparative analysis of the mirrors uncovered at the sites in the Crimean sub-mountain area and the Hungarian Plain, dating to the Sarmatian period. The most characteristic types of mirrors distributed in both regions have been established, and their chronological limits have been outlined. This research has revealed that the mirrors in question do not reflect any contacts between the populations of the Crimean sub-mountain area and Alföld throughout the first centuries AD. Although there were few mirrors of the same types distributed in both countries, they were received from different sources and in different periods. The main difference of the Carpathian Basin is the absence of ornamented mirrors with a side loop, which were widely distributed in the Sarmatian world, particularly among the population of the Crimean sub-mountain area.
More...
The presence of the population of Chernyakhov culture in Olbia in the final period of its history (second half of the 3rd — beginning of the 5th c.) has long been a contentious issue, although corresponding archaeological finds were known. A large amount of materials from this period practically has not been systematized, and it was not introduced sufficiently into scientific circulation. We have processed collections of the excavations of 1964—1971 on the territory of the Roman citadel, which were stored in the Institute of Archeology of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (Kiev). Gray clay pottery from the collections are fully consistent with the “classic” Chernyakhov samples. These are fragments of tableware (including three-handed vases), kitchen pots, pithoi. They are accompanied by imported ceramics (amphorae and red slip ware) of the second half of the 4th — first half of the 5th c.Archaeological materials show that after the destruction of the town by the barbarians and desolation in the 70s — early 80s of the 3rd c., there appears a small number of Chernyakhov population. But only after the invasion of the Huns in Eastern Europe (375) Olbia revived as a small fortified town, a trade and craft center inhabited by Goth barbarians. This assumption needs to be confirmed by studying the existing collections of the Olbia Reserve.
More...
This paper addresses eight coins excavated in Neizats cemetery in 2009—2013. This site is located in the central area of the Crimean Peninsula and dates from the turn of the 1st—2nd to the late 4th century AD. The cemetery was left by a mixed population, where Sarmatians and Alans predominated. There are 29 coins excavated in previous years and published before. The coins under study were minted in the Roman Empire (6 pcs.) and in the Bosporan Kingdom (2 pcs.). They date from the 2nd to the 4th century AD. One of the coins in question is the latest piece discovered in Neizats. The studied materials generally correspond to what is known of the use of coins in funerary rite by Crimean barbarians in the Later Roman period.
More...
The paper presents a discussion on the chronological indicators and features of the latest complexes of Frontovoye-3 burial ground (Nakhimovsky district, Sevastopol). This cemetery appeared around the end of the 1st century AD; it was completely investigated in 2018 (328 graves of the Roman time). The latest finds (some types of elements of belt sets, a glass cup with blue blobs) are dated around the beginning of the 5th century. In the extreme South-West of the burial ground, three groups of graves of the last quarter of the 4th — beginning of the 5th century have been distinguished. Similar date is represented by a number of other burial places of the South-Western and Piedmont Crimea. Obviously, the appearance of the Huns to the West of the Don (in 375 AD at the latest) and the resulting migrations had not initially affected the Crimea. Cemeteries of the settled population of the Piedmont Crimea and a number of cemeteries in the South-Western Crimea cease to function in the late 4th or early 5th century AD. Some of this population moved to the Southern coast of the Crimea, while the other founded several new cemeteries in the South-West Crimea.
More...
The research addresses the different known on the coins of Theothortses (285/286—309/310). They are interesting not only because they brought us information about the number, localization and the time when his mints were in function. These characters are, in fact, signs. Their study allows us to trace the migration processes that took place in the Northern Black Sea region and in Taurica during the reign of Theothortses. The appearance of new signs on coins can be explained by the establishment of contacts between this sovereign and tribal associations of barbarians.
More...
In 2001, in the center of Anapa (ancient Gorgippia) a massive cast leg of a bronze vessel in the shape of a lion’s paw was found in a pit dated by the first centuries AD. A number of analogies, found at different times in Italy and the provincial centers of the Roman Empire, allow us to define it as a detail of a samovar (authepsa) — a rare category of bronze ware of Roman Time. The leg from Gorgippia, judging by its shape and size, could belong to a portable samovar of type A1 according to the classification of T. Tomashevich-Buk. Excluding Italy, most of the finds of such vessels are concentrated in Thrace, Asia Minor, and North Africa; dated specimens date back to the 1st — 5th/6th centuries AD. The closest to the leg from Gorgippia are the stands of two boilers from the destroyed burials of the 3rd century AD, studied in the city of Kayseri in Central Anatolia. The molded parts of another vessel from the Kuban region, interpreted as parts of a samovar, most likely belonged to different vessels, one of which, if it was a samovar, was of a different — stationary — type.
More...
A bronze helmet was discovered in burial no. 284 (looted in antiquity) from a Maeotian cemetery found at a fortified settlement no. 1 near Lenin khutor on the right bank of the Kuban river. Manufacturing of the front part of the helmet and cheek-pieces with one loop and hinges followed Greek patterns, but the helmet does not have any well-marked neck-guard and ear cuts, which is typical for the local helmets of the “Mezmay-Dakhovskaya” series. In addition to the helmet, 4 pairs of iron bits with wheel-shaped and rod-shaped cheek-pieces, an iron spearhead, a combat knife and three ceramic vessels were found. These finds make it possible to date the burial within the 1st century BC and testify to the belonging of this assemblage to the category of elite burials of the Maeotian horsemen.
More...
In 2017, grave no. 104 was excavated in the cemetery known as Zayukovo-3 (Baksan district, Republic of Kabardino-Balkaria). The burial was carried out in a simple pit and contained bones of two women. A Han Chinese mirror was discovered among the grave goods, as well as bronze and silver fibulae, bronze and gold medallions, as well as a significant number of glass and carnelian beads. The burial dates from the middle, possibly, the second half of the 3rd century AD. A large number of grave goods and presence of items made of precious metals allows this burial to be attributed to the elite of local tribes. Combination of a Chinese mirror and products manufactured in the territory of ancient states in this burial may suggest that one of the branches of the Great Silk Road could pass through the Baksan Gorge in the 3rd century AD.
More...
The author of Getica uses double geographical names, e. g. Tyras–Danaster or Viscla–Vistula. What was the reason for such inconstancy: the author’s desire for diversity, slavish adherence to the source text, or attention to the specific connotations peculiar to each form? To answer this question some places of the text of Getica were investigated. The text of Cassiodorus is characterized by a bizarre alternation of various rhythms and almost verse sizes, pretentious style and clausulae, sometimes put in two or three in a row. Jordan’s interpolations, who retrospectively stitched the extracts he once made from the work of Cassiodorus, lack metre and any poetry, clausulae are random and absent exactly in those places where their presence is considered mandatory. The difference in the form of the name of the Vistula river (Vistula-Viscla) corresponds not only to the stylistic context, but also to the reconstructed sources of Cassiodorus: the Classical and Gothic ones, respectively. Cassiodorus deliberately uses the Gothic form of Viscla where its text should arouse listeners’ associations with the realities of Gothic traditions.
More...
The author considers the Roman period burials studied in the Romanovo-Pugachevsky Prud cemetery in Northern Sambia. These are two cremation graves with weapons. The first of them relates to 160/180—250/270 A. D., the second — to 300/320—400/410 A. D. An analysis of the burial rite was carried out, and the grave goods were studied in detail. Among the found weapons, there are spears of Scandinavian origin. The isotope analysis of strontium ratio in bone tissue and in environmental samples from grave 1.2016 showed that it can belong to either a local resident or a migrant from the territories further to the north.
More...
Аll currently known brooches from the Sambian-Natangian cultural area of type A-216/A-217 from Almgren Group VII are presented. Clasps of the monstrous type are rare and have never been produced in series. Scandinavia and the islands in the Baltic Sea are considered to be their place of origin, from where they have spread to neighboring European areas to the area of the Chernyakhov culture. Such brooches are generally rare. This applies in particular to the Sambian-Natangian culture, in the area in which they have never been manufactured and only imported. So far, only four finds of brooches A-216/A-217 from Almgren Group VII are known: a silver brooch with gold-plated details, found in 1886 at Grebieten; a silver brooch from the year 2000, part of the women’s burial No. 78 from the grave of Lauth-Bolshoe Isakovo; a silver and bronze brooch with gold-plated pressed parts, found in 2002 on Ushakovo-1 burial ground; and a fragment of a brooch made of silver, found in 2016 in Sychevka. Monstrous fibulas are not only interesting as unique pieces of jewelry art, but also valuable as stable chronological indicators, and provide useful information about cultural interactions and influences between the region of the Sambian-Natangian culture and the area of the Barbaricum in the late Roman period.
More...
The cultures of Early and Late hatched pottery on the territory of Belarus occupied Northwest and Central Belarus. Despite their kinship, there were fundamental differences between them, which also appeared in the orientation of relations with neighboring territories. For the culture of Early hatched pottery, relations with tribes of the Baltic region and Central Europe, especially with the Dnieper-Dvina culture, were predominant. The culture of Late hatched pottery in the early stage had closer contacts with the inhabitants of Zarubintsy culture, and after its disintegration — with the population of Central Europe. The western direction of relations in this last period is indicated by the finds of imported metal things of the provincial Roman types.
More...
The author publishes the materials of the 2nd century BC — 2nd century AD, which were found on the settlements Stayevo-4 and 5 (Michurinsk district, Tambov Region) situated in the headwaters of the Voronezh River. On these sites handmade and wheel-made ceramics, iron tips of arrows, fibulae (of middle La Tène scheme, Avcissa and Northern Black sea region types and others), fragments of mirrors and a bronze bell were found. The materials belong to the Late Scythian archaeological culture. Hillforts and settlements of this culture are widespread in the Upper Don region. The headwaters of the Voronezh River now are the extreme northeastern border of the late Scythian culture in this region.
More...
A cardinal change of the population takes place on the territory of the Upper Oka region in the first part and the middle of the 3rd century. Novo-Klejmenovo type sites give way to settlements of the early stage of the Moschino culture. The analysis of new finds makes it possible to consider the question concerning the fortune of the population of those sites and trace a possible vector of its migration. The materials published in this article focus on the grave having reference to the final stage of existence of the sites of Novo-Klejmenovo type. It is the first burial found in the process of studying this cultural group. Due to this discovery for the first time it became possible to correctly compare the finds from the territory of the Upper Oka region to the materials belonging to the cultures of the Middle and Lower Oka regions as well as to the finds from the Upper Sura region where almost nothing but burials have been explored.
More...
Several archival records and documents in the War Archives in Vienna portray the life and work of military clergy in the Habsburg armed forces. The paper presents the life and work of military chaplains from the Diocese of Bosnia or Đakovo and Srijem, Croatia, Marko Hummel and Ivan Kralj, who worked and operated in the Habsburg armed forces. Marko Hummel joined the aforementioned armed forces in the mid-19th century and performed religious services until his retirement, while Ivan Kralj served in the army for a much shorter period of time, since he supposedly had trouble with his superiors and due to the circumstances he encountered in Petrovaradin (Peterwardein). The main purpose of the following paper is to cast some light on a part of the Croatian church history that is frequently forgotten and to hopefully motivate further research of the topic.
More...
Cel badań: Celem badania było wskazanie kulturowych mechanizmów utrudniających wdrażanie programów powszechnych szczepień ochronnych oraz ujawnienie ich szerszego geograficzno-historycznego tła. Metoda badań: Badania wpisują się w nurt folklorystyki oraz antropologii kulturowej i jej subdyscypliny – antropologii medycznej. Analizie poddano treści wierzeniowe, na które składają się materiały ikonograficzne, zasoby elektroniczne bibliotek dotyczące historii profilaktyki szczepiennej oraz dostępne w Internecie wypowiedzi przeciwników szczepień, stosując podejście interpretatywne, które odwołuje się do systemu wiedzy, wartości i kategorii analitycznych, jakimi posługują się badani, celem odkrywania sensu ich działań. Wyniki badań: Analiza antropologiczna warstwy folklorystycznej przekazów o szczepieniach obnaża braki oficjalnych programów i kampanii proszczepiennych, nie uwzględniających żywotności oraz roli struktur mitycznych w stosunku do decyzji podejmowanych w kwestiach zdrowotnych. W przekazach tych uwidocznia się tradycyjny sposób postrzegania zjawisk zdrowotnych (choroby, epidemii), kategoryzacji przestrzeni (opozycja orbis interior/orbis eksterior), kolorów i ciała (jako odbicia makrokosmosu), profesjonalistów i technologii biomedycznych. Okruchy dawnego myślenia wierzeniowego, choć już nie tak mocno jak dawniej, nadal dają o sobie znać w nowoczesnym i laicyzującym się społeczeństwie zachodniego kręgu kulturowego, które gubi się w natłoku szumu informacyjnego nowych odkryć i szybko zmieniających się technologii oraz nagłaśnianych przez media afer w służbie zdrowia dotyczących fałszowania lub nieodpowiedniego przechowywania szczepionek. Wnioski: Folklor szczepionkowy jest próbą oswojenia chaosu, jaki towarzyszy szczepieniom jako technologii biomedycznej, poprzez przełożenie jej na wciąż czytelny dla ogółu język kulturowych skojarzeń, wierzeń i symboli. I choć nie niweluje do końca tej ambiwalencji, albo strachu przed szczepieniami, pozwala myśleniu potocznemu znaleźć dla nich miejsce w kulturowym uniwersum.
More...
Reviews: Verwandtschaft – Freundschaft – Feindschaft. Politische Bindungen zwischen dem Reich und Ostmitteleuropa in der Zeit Friedrich Barbarossas, hg. von Knut Görich und Martin Wihoda, Wien-Köln-Weimar 2019 (Tomasz Jurek, Poznań); Sébastien Rossignol, Maiestas principum. Herzogsurkunden als Medien der Herrschaftsrepräsentation in Schlesien, Pommern und Pommerellen (1200-1325), Wiesbaden2019 (Tomasz Jurek, Poznań); Libor Jan, Wer war Meister Heinrich der Walch? Ein fiktiver Notar in einer realenKönigskanzlei, Deutsches Archiv für Erforschung des Mittelalters 73, 2017 (TomaszJurek, Poznań); Janusz Bieniak, Zarębowie i Nałęcze a królobójstwo w Rogoźnie, Warszawa 2018(Tomasz Jurek, Poznań); Běla Marani - Moravová, Peter von Zittau. Abt, Diplomat und Chronist der Luxemburger, Ostfildern 2019 (Tomasz Jurek, Poznań); Dagmara Adamska, Wieś – miasteczko – miasto. Średniowieczne osadnictwo w dorzeczugórnej i środkowej Oławy, Łomianki 2019 (Tomasz Jurek, Poznań); Mateusz Goliński, Dzieje miast praskich do początku XV wieku, Kraków 2018(Marcin Starzyński, Kraków); Tyler Lange, Excommunication for Debt in Late Medieval France. The Business of Salvation, New York 2016 (Adam Kozak, Poznań); Acta correctoris cleri civitatis et diocesis Pragensis annis 1407-1410 comparata, ed. JanAdámek, Praha 2018 (Adam Kozak, Poznań); Statuta et acta rectorum Universitatis Carolinae Pragensis 1360-1614, edd. FrantišekŠmahel, Gabriel Silagi, Praha 2018 (Tomasz Jurek, Poznań); Přemysl Bar, Diplomacie, právo a propaganda w pozdním středověku. Polsko-litevskáunie a Řad německých rytířů na kostnickém koncilu (1414-1418), Brno 2017 (Sobiesław Szybkowski, Gdańsk); Polonica XVI wieku w zbiorach Biblioteki Raczyńskich. Katalog, opr. Dorota Gołębiewska, Biblioteka Raczyńskich, Poznań 2019 (Michał Bartoszak, Poznań); Tomasz Graff, Marcin Campius Wadowita (ok. 1587 – 1641). Duchowny i profesor Uniwersytetu Krakowskiego, Kraków 2018 (Tomasz Gałuszka, Kraków); Korespondencja i gazetki rękopiśmienne Jędrzeja Kitowicza z lat 1771-1776, Warszawa– Bellerive-sur-Allier 2017 (Zbigniew Chodyła, Poznań); Maria Pidłypczak - Majerowicz, Stare druki proweniencji zakonnej w Bibliotece Ossolineum, Wrocław 2019 (Michał Bartoszak, Poznań).
More...
I.1. Maciej, studniarz oraz niezidentyfi kowana bliżej Agnieszka, którzy pobrali się we Lwowie w trzecią niedzielę kwietnia 1554 r., otrzymali od losu jedyny w swoim rodzaju ślubny prezent: przeszli do historii jako pierwsza para nowożeńców wpisana do najstarszej zachowanej (a prawdopodobnie w ogóle pierwszej) metryki ślubów tutejszego kościoła katedralnego.
More...