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Review of: Vytenis Almonaitis. The capture of the Marienwerder Castle, or where the Teutonic Order's expansion to the East was stopped // Acta Baltico-Slavica. T. 41. Warszawa, 2017, s. 1–30.
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This article contains a brief overview of the research on Polish press from the years 1501–1729, and discusses its directions and results conducted by historians and press experts after 1945. A citation analysis is widely used in the evaluation of the research output. The interest in the oldest Polish press is relatively high. A total of 55 scholars worked in the field, publishing 102 works (including 16 books), cited 524 times (including 267 times below the half-life period). Eight authors had the largest contribution: Konrad Zawadzki, Kazimierz Maliszewski, Jan Lankau, Władysław Myk, Adam Przyboś, Jan Pirożyński, Janusz A. Drob and Urszula Augustyniak. The most frequent subjects of research were ephemeral publications, “Merkuriusz Polski” and handwritten newspapers, as well as other periodic newspapers and press from Gdańsk.
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Stefan Kiesielewski (1911–1991) began his regular work with the monthly „Kultura”, edited by Jerzy Giedroyc (1906–2000), in the 1970s, although his occasional presence did not go unnoticed at least a decade earlier. The two editors knew each other since before the war and from the bi-weekly “Bunt Młodych” (later “Polityka”). Despite differences in political views, which further increased after 1945, Giedroyc printed Kisielewski’s fiction, columns, articles, interviews, letters and opinions about the Parisian circle. His largest collection of work is the series of columns Wołanie na puszczy (A call on the wild) and Widziane inaczej (Seen differently). This was the type of journalism that Giedroyc most highly valued in Kisiel. Disputes concerned articles on the role of the emigration, possible systematic reforms in Poland and the consequences of the country’s geopolitical position. In the name of the editor-in-chief, Juliusz Mieroszewski had “protested” against them. Kisielewski’s work was published during the period of heightened censorship of his work in Poland.
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The Negrilesti – „Schoolyard” site, situated at 15kms north of Tecuci, in the south-eastern region of Moldova, was investigated in 2018, in two important areas, C3 („Pine”) and B4-B5 („Kindergarten”).The archaeological research conducted in the Summer of 2018 had as objectives the verification of the current condition of the site, the assessment of the degree to which the unauthorised interventions had affected the archaeological complexes and the archaeological prospecting of the area on which a kindergarten is due to be constructed.In the C3 area („Pine”), three digging units were opened to assess the extent to which the site had been affected by natural and anthropic factors. In the three digging units, Cas.M/P/2018, Cas.1/P/2018 and Cas.2/P/2018, 40, dwelling complexes dating from the Early Neolithic, the Bronze Age, the fourth century AD and the eighth-tenth centuries AD, as well structures from more recent periods of time, were unearthed.In the B4-B5 area („Kindergarten”), two verification surveys were conducted west of the school in Negrilesti and 10m south of the former boyar’s manor, respectively. The two areas, SG1 (27m/2m) and SG2 (10/4m), were located on the surface on which a kindergarten is due to be built. The two digging areas revealed tombs from the Late Medieval Age, traces of a Post-Roman Age dwelling and a Bronze Age dwelling with archaeological material belonging to Noua Culture. Furthermore, 11 digging units were drawn, but due to lack of labour force, the works were stopped. Geophysical prospecting was also conducted on the southern side of the surface on which the kindergarten is due to be constructed.
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During the last 50 years several research expeditions were conducted along the Călmăţui River pointing out the vast number of places bearing traces of the prehistoric inhabitants. Intrusive researches were carried out so far in 15 settlements (13 in the second half of the 20th century, two in the last two years), some with extraordinary results. Part of the discoveries have been published in the form of excavation reports, some have remained unknown.The artefacts presented here are the result of the 1957 survey made by I. T. Dragomir in the Chalcolithic settlement from Largu. A 30 x 2 metres trench was executed during this survey, in order to observe the stratigraphic sequence. Few Chalcolithic features were revealed during the excavation of the 1-1.20 m archaeological deposit. The results of the survey were briefly published.The current paper presents the main typological characteristics of the ceramic inventory unearthed in 1957. The ceramic assemblage is rather small (compared with similar Chalcolithic settlements) and the degree of fragmentation is high (usually one shard per vessel). The pottery types that have been identified bear good analogies both south of the Calmăţui valley (in the Gumelniţa cultural environment) and north of it (in the Precucuteni and Cucuteni environments).
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The article, based on documents left by epistolary legacy and research papers, describes the life and socio-political activity of one of the famous Ukrainian nobility, Elizabeth Ivanivna Skoropadskaya-Miloradovich (1832-1890) who was a philanthropist, public figure and one of the founders of the Shevchenko Society in Lviv and was also the aunt of the last Ukranian Hetman, Pavlo Petrovich Skoropadsky. The article offers a methodical presentation of various references to E. Miloradovich and analyzes her political views and active public position, describes her everyday life, her entourage and her family. Furthermore it illustrates that the Miloradovich house was a real centre of scientific, public and cultural life in Poltava.
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Costache Negri, a distinguished personality of Moldavia and later of Romania, belonged to the generation of 1848, being one of those people who dared to turn their ideals into deeds, aiming at the modernization of the country. At the middle of the nineteenth century, he held important functions in Galati, contributing to the development of the town. He owned many properties; one of these, situated on Mihai Bravu Street, is intriguing today. Is that building, cxonsidered as a historical monument, the former house of Costache Negri? Through archival documents and by comparing some old photographic representations, we will investigate the historical truth about that house which allegedly belonged to Costache Negri.
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Based on press publications, the article presents the women’s attitude towards the Legislative Sejm elections. Maria Moczydłowska, born in Łomża, was one of eight female members of the Legislative Sejm. She sought the mandate in the Częstochowa constituency. The example of Moczydłowska was the pretext to analyse and present how women were involved in the elections in such small centers as Łomża and Częstochowa, away from the capital. The article also covers the presence of the electoral topic in the regional press.
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„Kobieta Współczesna. Ilustrowany Tygodnik Społeczno-Literacki” [Contemporary Woman. Illustrated Social and Literary Weekly] was a magazine published in Warsaw in the years 1927–1934, edited by Emilia Grocholska, addressed to women’s intelligentsia. During its publication period, the editors carried out continuous agitation for women’s equality, political awareness and appealed to its Polish readers for their active participation in the political life of their country. The magazine demanded participation in parliamentary elections to the upper and lower house, and in local elections. It informed about the political life of women in the world.
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„Przyjaciółka” – a weekly addressed to rural women, housewives with low education – was the most widely read periodical in the period of the Polish People’s Republic. The article aims to answer the question to what extent one of the most popular women’s magazines of that period took up the issue of elections and the participation and interest of women in politics. The analysis was subjected to press releases appearing about two months before the parliamentary and national councils elections, as well as about two weeks after them, as the subject of politics was addressed mainly in the electoral period. The research includes content published in the years 1956–1976 using the press content analysis method (according to the methodology of Walery Pisarek), the qualitative and quantitative methods.
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The historical conditions in Poland resulting from the geographical location between two powers fighting against each other in the past (Russia and Germany) left a permanent trace in the cadastre documentation for the lands of former partitions. This is particularly visible in the areas of the former Prussian partition and the former Austrian partition where one can still find, apart from the documentation of the present systems, also documents of the former cadastre systems. Data from these systems is currently used quite often in various geodetic works and legal issues, including for the needs of contemporary systems (EGiB) as well as land and mortgage registers (KW). In this paper,an attempt is made at verifying the criterion of balancing spatial data (space) based on the example of randomly-chosen equivalents prepared for cadastral objects of the record units of Krowodrza and Nowa Huta in Krakow. The scope of the analysis mainly covers equivalents for the transformation from the Austrian system of land tax to the system of land and building register (EGiB) maintained in "large" precincts or in modernised technology as well as for relations that entail the shift from a system (EGiB) kept in "small" or "large" precincts to the system kept following the modernisation process. The research is aimed at demonstrating the discrepancy between the adopted criterion of equivalency at the level of 10% of the difference in space and the corresponding difference in the value of lands, depending on the function of the area.
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The relics of the warrior saint Theodor Tyron were brought to the Novo Hopovo Monastery in the mid-16th century at the latest. The first records of the relics were found in a panegyric dating from 1555. Three manuscripts of the Tale of Theodore Tyron record a legend referring to the events occurring prior to the transfer of the saint's relics to Hopovo, as well as to their fate in the Fruška Gora monastery. The relics were kept in a casket and displayed in the bema, bestowing it a memorial character. Such manner of displaying the relics had already been established in the Žiča Monastery and was practised in numerous monasteries of Fruška Gora.
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The paper presents the data on the cult of the goddess of Dardania (Dea Dardanica) in Kosovo and Metohija. The existence of the cult was authenticated in Kosovo and Metohija by votive arae found in the Smira village near Kosovska Vitina and in the ancient settlement Vendenis (Vindenae) near the Glavnik village in the municipality of Podujevo. A certain number of epigraph records shows the prevailing respect for the Dea Dardanica cult in this area.
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Roman communication which connected the valley of the Drinjača River to Sarajevo field was very important during the mid III century. Many milestones from this communication testify to this. There are 30 discovered milestones in total on this communication, 12 of which are epigraphic. At the time of discovery, most of the milestones were in situ. The oldest of all milestones was from the period of Philip I reign (Marcus Julius Philippus) between 244 and 249, while the youngest one was built in honour of Marcus Claudius Tacitus, at the end of 275 or in the first half of the year 276. The milestones from this communication did not mark a reconstruction of communication, as it was believed earlier. At the time of very frequent changes on the throne, during the mid III century, the milestones gained honorary character. Their function was to express loyalty to the monarch.
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