Тенденции в корупционната среда в България 2013 - 2014 г.
Data on the evolution of the corruption environment in 2014 shows a deterioration in many indicators relevant to the quality of government and the functioning of public institutions.
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Data on the evolution of the corruption environment in 2014 shows a deterioration in many indicators relevant to the quality of government and the functioning of public institutions.
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The development of the municipal privatization process in 1996, despite its uneven pace and regional disparities, should be assessed positively. 2079 privatization procedures have been identified, of which 23 are for whole enterprises. The terminated procedures are 43. 121 contests for appraisers were announced. 2642 privatizations have been assigned. 2725 assessments have been adopted, some of which were awarded in 1995, 2575 privatization deals were concluded, of which 18 were for whole municipal companies.
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An examination is made of the emerging changes in the politico-economic systems of the Fourth Industrial Revolution as a result of the introduction of 3D printers, which are also known as additive technologies, because they create three-dimensional objects layer after layer. The emergence, nature and historical development of 3D printers are addressed. The areas of their application, which are increasingly expanding, are analyzed. The changes in the economic subsystem, which are supposed to require changes in the overall relationship between economy and policy, and thus transformations in the politico-economic systems as a whole, are outlined. These changes are addressed in terms of the new challenges that the countries will have to react to, as well as in terms of the unfolding transformations in the global divisions of labor and value chains that will have a radical impact on the geo-economic and geo-political balances in the world.
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The article discusses the international environment perspectives and their impact on the republic budget in Bulgaria. It is emphasized that the forthcoming financial crisis exerts influence in a heterogeneous way on the national economy over the period 1998-2007. It drives up the budget surplus except in 2003 when a budget deficit is registered. Our examinations show that the leading indicators for economic conjuncture grow at a high average annual rate. Their impact, however, measured through the correlation analysis, weakly influence the revenues compared to a moresubstantial effect on the expenses. The import of goods and services and the increase of the average salaries and wages ratio are directly related with it.
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The current report is focusing on the analysis of the dynamics of loans disbursed to non-financial corporations by commercial banks in Bulgaria. The period covered by the study is 2007 – mid-2014. The key factors forming the trends in bank lending to the business are reviewed. On this basis the main problems and prospects for growth of corporate loans are concluded.
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The primary objective of this study is to outline the trends in science education research based on content analyses of publications from 2011 to 2015 in four Bulgarian educational journals: “Chemistry: Bulgarian Journal of Science Education”, “Strategies for Policy in Science and Education”, “Bulgarian Physics Education” and “i- Continuing Education”. A methodology for content analysis of the selected journals is described using quantitative and qualitative parameters. A total of 290 research papers were analyzed in terms of the following criteria: 1. Degree of education; 2. Research topics and 3.Components of the process of science instruction, on which educators focused their research in trying to find decisions of specific issues. The criterion “Research topics” was decomposed to ten main research fields: 2.1. Training for science teachers; 2.2. Teaching of science; 2.3. Cognitive aspects of science learning; 2.4. Learning context and learner personality characteristics; 2.5. Educational objectives, curriculum, content knowledge, and assessment; 2.6. Reflective practice; 2.7. History, philosophy, epistemology and nature of science; 2.8. Educational technology; 2.9. Cultural, social and gender differences between students; 2.10. Informal learning. The results of this study found that most of the published articles were related to the secondary degree of science education. The research topic referred to the educational objectives, curriculum, content knowledge, and assessment was the most frequently investigated one in 2011 – 2015.
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The purpose of the present paper is to conduct a comparative analysis of the office property market in Bulgaria including other countries in the region in order to estimate its investment attractiveness and maturity. A wide range of indicators are used, incl. size of existing office space, rent levels, yields, investment volumes, as well as a pair of ratios that reveal the amount of investments in the sector as compared to the number of population and GDP of the countries. The results show that the market for office real estate in Bulgaria offers good opportunities for generating high returns for the investors. Yet, it still fails to be a draw for higher investment volumes as compared to other countries in Central Europe with more mature markets.
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The present study examines cime trends in Bulgaria between 2000 and 2010 based on a comparison between surveys of crime victims (National Crime Survey) and police statistics. In addition to overall crime trends data, the report presents data on ten different categories of crime, as well as regional specifics of crime in Bulgaria. Criminal justice and socio-economic data is also analysed in an attempt to explain the observed trends in crime.
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In this publication, the dynamics of the mortgage loans has been studied and the ratios mortgage loans to loans and advances and mortgage loans to total assets of the banks in Bulgaria in the period 2007 – 2018. A comparative analysis has been carried out of the mortgage loan dynamics in the banks in Bulgaria. Major trends in the development of mortgage crediting in Bulgaria have been outlined.
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The experience of the reform of the territorial device in Poland and Slovakia has been described. The experience of the administrative reform in Hungary and Romania has been analyzed. Czech experience in the reform of public administration has been studied. It has been determined that the main objective of the reform is the consolidation of the basic administrative and territorial units for optimization management.
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The purpose of research is to analyze the state of agricultural production in Kiev region based on the studyof the dynamics and structure.Methods of research. A system approach and methodology of economic and statistical analysis for the study of themain trends factors, that impact on the competitiveness and potential of the industry in Kyiv region, is used.The results of work. Agriculture remains one of the most important sectors in Ukraine’s economy.Therefore Ukraine’s economy is a great dependent on the level of economic agro-industry development. Kyivregion, with its favourable climatic conditions and investment potential, can increase agricultural production andthus provides its own growing needs and Kyiv in agricultural products.Conclusions. The agricultural production structure in Kyiv region is great oriented on grain and poultryproduction as the most profitable industries. However, this production structure is not optimal for theconservation of land, the creation and preservation of jobs in rural areas. Among producers dominate the greatagricultural farms, their concentration are great, to create additional pressure on the employment market in Kyivregion. Further development of the agrarian sector requires qualitative changes, that able to provide increasingcompetitiveness of agricultural production in the domestic and foreign markets and food security of the state.
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The trends and characteristics of training in higher education in Ukraine with due regard for its reforming in accordance with the requirements of the Bologna process are examined in the article. The directions of reforming the higher education system of Ukraine in accordance with the objectives of the Bologna Declaration have been characterized. The indices of activities of universities in Ukraine and financing of higher education have been analyzed. The classification of types of imbalance in the skilled labor market of young professionals have been made, which, in addition to traditional types - quantitative and qualitative imbalance - was supplemented by such species as territorial imbalance (lack of young staff necessary qualification within the depressed regions or their parts) and motivational imbalance (low motivation to work on as a result of irrational choice of field of study). The measures of improving and deepening the relationships with the real economy in the context of improving the quality of higher education have been proposed. The necessity of ensuring the conformity of job places with the requirements and expectations of young professionals on the level of payments and working conditions, career opportunities and professional growth, preventing disproportions and regional asymmetries regarding quality of training and quality of job places have been substantiated.
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It is substantiated that the competitive advantages of the countries and its subjects in modern conditions are provided not only by the capacity of the basic branches of economy, but by the quality of human resources. Global trends in the development of education in the modern world are manifested in the growing size of the education sector, the expansion of coverage of the population of higher education, increasing the educational period in a person's life (expected length of education), the realization of the concept of lifelong education, diversification of forms of organization and financing of educational activities. It is substantiated that the formation of intellectual potential in the process of globalization is a decisive factor in improving the competitiveness of national economies and the development of the global market at the present stage. The purpose of the article is to identify the key factors for the formation of intellectual potential in the structure of the global economy and to characterize key trends. The key factors that determine its development are highlighted, in particular, the number of students in higher education institutions, the level and status of higher education and science funding (both in general and per student), rating opportunities and results in global rankings and indices. The basic tendencies of change of these indicators are investigated. Priorities of formation of the intellectual potential of the state and opportunities for its development are determined. It is proved that in the current conditions it is important to improve the economic mechanism of functioning of the higher education system: the search for the optimal model of public funding aimed at ensuring the quality of education and overcoming differences in access to quality education. This requires a clear understanding of the desired results, goals and mechanisms for achieving them. A pressing issue for modern educational practice is the further elaboration of funding mechanisms based on performance, the development of simple, clear and clear goals that can be identified and defined as outcomes and benchmarks for funding educational institutions. The necessity of the state position to preserve and support our intellectual elite, accumulated over many years of educational potential, is substantiated. The experience of the advanced countries of the world shows that the creation of a cohort of powerful research universities can be an effective factor in the development of higher education and increase the country's competitiveness. Thus, the main factors of intellectualization can determine the competitiveness of the national economy, and the formation of intellectual potential in the education system is a necessary prerequisite for its growth.
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The research traces the development of theoretical knowledge about the RM within the proposed periodisation. It reveals the increased relevance of new paradigms, in which economic aspects of return are combined with socio-cultural and psychological ones. Economic and non-economic factors bearing on the returnees’ motivation are explicated with a focus on the on emotional reflexivity and non-rationalist motives. It is concluded that the theoretical understanding of return migration increasingly transcends the classic strictly economic accounts with their explanations focused solely on returnees’ economic rationality.
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The article describes the theoretical foundations of a system of indicators for assessing the competitiveness of small and medium-sized cities based on the study of foreign experience, proposed factors and criteria for evaluating the competitiveness of small and medium-sized cities of Belarus, which are adapted to the conditions of development of the Republic of Belarus, that will increase the integration potential of small and medium-sized towns.
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The main task of the article consists in the determining the essence of the notion «managing intellectual capital» and in the research of its basic components.In the article are examined current approaches to defining the essence of the notion «managing intellectual capital», described its interconnection with the concept of «knowledge management» and as a result formulated the author’s definition of the notion «managing intellectual capital». Also in the article are considered the main components of intellectual capital management process and described the impacts of external and internal environment on the management of intellectual capital. The main elements of intellectual capital management include: subject, object, principles, functions and management techniques. The main methods of management of intellectual capital are organizational-administrative, economic, social-psychological and legal.
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Formation of regulatory policy mechanism is important issue that is the basis for this study. The purpose of the article is to investigate theoretical and methodological aspects of the formation of regulatory policy mechanism.The mechanism of implementation of regulatory policy has been analyzed in the article. Generalization of the concept "mechanism" and own vision of the components of regulatory policy, taking into account current economic conditions have been presented in the research. Presentation of regulatory policy mechanism in visual form reflects the interaction of subjects and objects of management, in accordance to the external and internal environment. The effect of regulatory policy mechanism has been determined by the existing instruments, i.e. the principles, functions, levers, methods and influences resource, organizational, informational and analytical providing.Formation of regulatory policy mechanism concerning the theoretical and methodological aspects, on the one side, will ensure the overall effectiveness of the government which should be reflected in improvement of indicators of economic activity, on the other side will disseminate current regulatory policy that corresponds to the integration priorities. The functioning of the regulatory policy mechanism promotes synergistic effect - a necessary condition of creation of a competitive domestic environment.
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With the development of information society, a crucial role is played by knowledge, a growing general public interest in the determination of the performance criteria of scientific research, because rational use of scientific potential and its growth and positioning in the international arena depend on it greatly. That is why the purpose of carrying out this work is a synthesis of existing in Ukraine theoretical and methodological approaches to the evaluation of scientific activity and their comparison with other countries.The article analyzes the regulatory support evaluation of academic institutions and staff research activities. The approaches and indicators proposed by scientists to assess the impact of scientific activities are studied. The Forms, methods and evaluation trends of academic institutions and research performance used in highly developed countries are observed. The necessity of scientific activity evaluati on in Ukraine is defined.Summarizing the research, the following conclusions can be made: in Ukraine there are no optimal methodical approaches or clear criteria, which would give a real assessment of scientific activity effectiveness. The experience of highly developed countries demonstrates the need to create their own performance evaluation methods and performance research activities individually for each country. The use of the same evaluation criteria in Ukraine will allow us to follow the dynamics of the performance indicators of scientific activity that can help define problems, which do not give rational use of the existing scientific potential and prospects of further science development.
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The aim of the article is the formulation of basic theoretical and methodological approaches to the assessment of social and employment potential. The method of assessment of social and employment potential of the region is based on available statistical information that reflects the patterns of its components. Social and employment potential - a category that allows to reveal not only the potential of each individual subject of industrial relations, but also enhance the possibility of such additional benefits arising from the social relations. Analyzed its component structures, which formed by demographic, economic, intellectual, social and psychophysiological components. These potential components of the region are formed on the basis of specific components of personal potential of its carrier, namely, health, morals, activity, intelligence, organization, education, professionalism and resources of the time. Have been provided the calculation and analysis of partial indices of social and employment potential areas of Ukraine tracing trends of change over the past 10 years and offset ranking positions. We used the method of cluster analysis of social and employment potential in the regions of Ukraine, which allows to track overall trends for individual territorial social systems that will help identify the causes of problems and appropriate situations. The conducted research is important for public authorities, who can use the constancy of collecting statistical information on indicators that reflect the development of social and employment potential for the settlement, including under and we offer techniques to other terms that have helped to make forecasts of areas. This allows to form, develop and implement effective employment opportunities for people from employment in the economy of the region.
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The purpose of this paper is to substantiate the theoretical and methodological foundations of researching ecological and economic problems in international trade. Proved that such studies should be based on two main theoretical points: (1) on the general economic equilibrium theory and (2) a researcher shall consider the world economy as a closed ecological-economic system and the national economy – as an open ecological-economic system. In our model of the national ecological-economic system, we take into account the external economic factor which helped to analyse the national eco-economic system as an open system. In the article, the methodology of detection of absolute and comparative advantage of the country’s foreign trade is offered. The model of global ecological-economic system illustrates the isolation of the planetary economic system. On a global scale, all that is created by human being eventually becomes waste of either production (faster) or consumption (later). The methodological approaches and findings may be useful for the substantiation of sustainable ecological and economic development programmes.
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