„IDEA ZACHODNIA” I GEOGRAFICZNY OBRAZ „POLSKI PIASTOWSKIEJ” W POLSKIEJ POLITYCE PO II WOJNIE ŚWIATOWEJ

Author(s): Jakub Potulski / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 25/2018

The aim of the article is to identify geographic and geopolitical images that areparticularly important to the Polish society (i.e. The Jagiellonian idea and the Westernidea), to indicate their sources, dynamics and use by political elites depending on thechanging external and internal context. The presentation of the dynamics of geopoliticalideas functioning within the Polish society and the analysis of ways to use them tolegitimize a specific internal and external policy is a case study showing the complexityof legitimization processes, and at the same time is to enrich knowledge about thedynamics of geopolitical images occurring within Polish society and used by politicalelites for achieving their goals.

„Innovative identities“? The issue of cultural and linguistic fragmentation in Montagna Friulana (north eastern Italy)

Author(s): Igor Jelen,Ernst Steinicke,Erica Specogna / Language(s): English / Issue: 3/2016

The current globalization realty is characterized by the constant coming up of new identities, that are appearing at any scale, almost as a side-effect of parallel phenomena signifying increasingly cultural indeterminateness. This paper argues that this phenomenon is connected to a condition of periphericity, namely to a sense of vulnerability that arise outside the umbrella once provided by modern state; furthermore this paper argues that this phenomenon is indifferently affecting any culture, not considering ethnic and linguistic derivation. Such situation figures out a sort of paradox of the globalization, which, while extending the hegemony of a uniform code, would induce per reaction the flourishing of local cultures, sometimes evidencing a self-referential character, other times configuring the main stain for a new territorial consciousness.

„Ins Jenseits Begleitend“: Hundemitbestattungen der Lengyel-Kultur von Alsónyék-Bátaszék

Author(s): István Zalai-Gaál,Erika Gál,Kitti Köhler,Anett Osztás / Language(s): German / Issue: 1/2011

In this paper, the authors discuss the dog offerings and dog burials found at the Lengyel culture (Late Neo litic/Early Copper Age) cemetery and settlement of Alsónyék-Bátaszék (sites 10/B and 5603/1). The role and symbolism of dog in the Neolithic and Early Copper Age are concerned based on archaeological, anthropological and archaeozoological data. The authors also analyse the social status of individuals next to whom the dogs have been buried. In addition to the presentation of Lengyel culture finds, a review on the Neolithic and Early Copper Age dog finds from Central and South-East Europe is given.

„Istočno pitanje“ i balkanski odgovori u idejno-historijskoj perspektivi

Author(s): Safet Bandžović / Language(s): Bosnian / Issue: 83-84/2020

Prošlost i sadašnjost su nerazdvojne, jedna tumači drugu. Mnogi procesi „dugog trajanja“ prevazilaze lokalne okvire i regionalne granice.To se odnosi i na složeno „Istočno pitanje“, njegov sadržaj i rukavce koji prelazi granice više stoljeća. Mada je veliki dio svog razdoblja Osmanskocarstvo držalo i do jedne četvrtine onoga što se naziva Evropom, nije smatrano članom evropskog međunarodnog sistema. Ono što je na Zapadu poznato o ovom carstvu, muslimanima i Balkanu, naročito ono što je govorila nauka, ali i ono što je govorila kvazinauka i popularna literatura, nikada nije bilo beznačajno. „Istočno pitanje“ je „višestoljetniproces sukobljavanja Istoka i Zapada, Prednje Azije i Europe, kršćanstvai islama, dviju kultura i civilizacija“. U biti, to je „nastojanje da se Osmanlije i islam izbace iz Evrope“. Stav da su muslimani „tuđinci“ u Evropi dio je mentaliteta poznatog pod imenom „Istočno pitanje“, koje je u Evropi živjelo od Kučuk-Kajnardžijskog mira 1774. do Lozanskogugovora 1923. godine. Mentalitet „Istočnog pitanja“ je nastavio da živi i dalje. Može se koristiti kao „referentni okvir“ za sažimanje i razumijevanje historije muslimana Balkana do kraja XX stoljeća. Ono što je na Zapadu poznato o Osmanskom carstvu, muslimanima i Balkanu, posebno ono što je govorila nauka, ali i ono što je „nudila“ kvazinauka i popularna literatura, nikada nije bilo beznačajno. Nema nacionalizma bez stereotipao “drugima”, bez njih nema stereotipa o “sebi”, niti interesnih manipulacija. Tomovi naučno utemeljenih djela ništa, pak, ne mijenjaju u odnosu prema historiji ukoliko su društvene i političke okolnosti takve daje poželjna drugačija “svijest” i “kultura sjećanja”. Načini prikazivanja historijskih događaja mogu da oblikuju i viđenja aktuelnih društvenih dešavanja. Historija se nikada ne ponavlja doslovno, iako se neke paralele teško mogu izbjeći.

„Jakaż to piękna, piękna wojna”

Author(s): Mateusz Szczerba / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 746-747/2017

„Jakie znaczenie ma religia?”. Religia w badaniu stosunków międzynarodowych

Author(s): Anna M. Solarz / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 4/2017

An overview of books and academic journals allows one to come to the conclusion that scholars have taken note of and analysed the role of religion in international social relations more or less since the end of the Cold War, that is since the 1990s, particularly after the Al-Qaeda attacks of 11 September 2001. Events of key significance to the world order in recent decades have also become a pretext for giving more attention to religion. This is not a coincidence. International relations as a discipline is still searching for its place in science. Driven by the ambition of constructing global visions and theories, it must first of all transcend its original Eurocentrism and hence encounter religion and religiousness, among other things. The author of the article sees a need for an interdisciplinary approach to the study of the international reality as well as going beyond positivist research methods. She outlines the origins and development of international religious demographics and addresses the problem of including religion in international relations literature. She claims that although much is already being written on the subject, we are still at the beginning of the road. The challenge is worth taking up; on the one hand, it forces scholars to look beyond the boundaries of their discipline, and may significantly impact its identity on the other.

„Jazyk a kultúra na Slovensku v slovanských a neslovanských súvislostiach.“

Author(s): Šimon Marinčák / Language(s): Slovak / Issue: 4/2012

„Kiművelt emberfők” a térben – A diplomások* területi eloszlása valóban a kiegyenlítődés irányába mutat?

Author(s): Ádám Németh,Zoltán Dövényi / Language(s): Hungarian / Issue: 02/2018

The research results of the recent past proved that the inequalities in the spatial distribution of people with tertiary education have been decreasing since the political transformation in Hungary. At the first glance it seems to be good news because it could be perhaps an indicator of the convergence and catch up at the periphery. The purpose of our paper is to give an insight into this trend, analyze its main reasons and spatial patterns (without being exhaustive), and reveal therefore its mechanisms. Our most important conclusions can be summarized as the follows. Although we also proved the existence of the process in question on national level, we found in fact a strongly asymmetric phenomenon. In fact the peripheral, most disadvantageous settlements do not benefit from the fact that the spatial dispersion of people with diploma has become less concentrated indeed; they are only ‘passive viewers’ of the process. The decrease of the weight of Budapest and other large cities has been compensated first and foremost by the ‘strengthening’ of the already developed, prosperous settlements around the higher education centres. Therefore the decreasing level of spatial concentration of high-skilled people in Hungary, showed by the Gini, Hoover as well as Hirschman-Herfindahl Indices, can be considered rather the outcome of the ‘suburbanisation of diplomas’.

„Libańczycy” i ich losy w perspektywie biograficznej

Author(s): Jakub Gałęziowski / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 05/2015

The text discusses the accounts given by the so-called “Lebanese”, as those Poles who at some point of their lives found refuge in Lebanon call themselves. The accounts were recorded in Poland, Great Britain and Lebanon. “The Lebanese” explained the motives that drove people or their families forced to leave their place of stay when taking decisions regarding new destination. Also, the text describes in detail the impressions of the narrators from the new places they found themselves in and how they coped in new reality (on the example of Great Britain and Poland which was a Communist-ruled country at that time). The text aims to familiarize the audience with this subject, about which not much has been said so far.

„Lost everyday life" – problems using materials diaries in research on occupational everyday life, based on the example of Krakow – observations on the margins of the study

Author(s): Anna Czocher / Language(s): English / Issue: 1/2014

Materials about the nature of personal relationships are an important source of information about everyday life. This article bring information on daily life and attention is focused on the city of Krakow. In addition leading themes, personal relationships contain a lot of information about the difficulties with the supply and quality of housing, the attitude towards the changes taking place in the city, functioning within the official public life and privacy. The purpose of this article is not to criticize source materials such as memoirs, or reflections on the formation and functioning of the memory of the war and occupation.

„Más nemzeteknél, mint a szászoknál…” - Ortodoxia és lutheranizmus kölcsönhatásai a dualizmus kori Erdélyben

Author(s): Barna Ábrahám / Language(s): Hungarian / Issue: 04/2017

With their well organized economic and social life, mentality, and particular system of values, the Saxons have played a distinguished role in the nation-building process of Romanians in Transylvania. While until the middle of the 19th century the relationship had been dominated by antagonism and the struggle of the Romanians living on the Saxon territory for political emancipation, the emergence of modern, bourgeois Hungary brought about a positive turn in this respect. The Romanian elite recognized and tried to adopt the organization of Saxon cooperatives, schools and scientific life, and to use their experience, generally showing up the Saxons’ solidarity and democratic way of thinking as a model to be followed, especially as they identified as one of the main sources of such virtues the public activities of the Lutheran pastors. They were convinced that the Romanian priests would not emerge as the effective leaders of their own communities unless they were elevated to the social status and prestige of Saxon pastors (or Hungarian and German Roman Catholic priests, for that matter), and, last but not least, equal them in modern and comprehensive education.

„Moldova între geografie și istorie”. Lecția inaugurală pentru anul academic 2014-2015

Author(s): Ion Sturza / Language(s): Romanian / Issue: 1-2/2014

„Nie ma wolnej Polski bez wolnej Ukrainy”. Polityka Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej wobec kwestii ukraińskiej, 1918–2018

Author(s): Andrzej Szeptycki / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 1/2018

„Nowy Duch” w Starym Porcie – rewitalizacja Starego Portu w Reykjaviku

Author(s): Agnieszka Konior / Language(s): English,Polish / Issue: 28/2017

The article concerns the revitalization of the Old Harbor in Reykjavik, an area which isextremely important for all citizens of Iceland, for strategic reasons, but also taking intoconsideration protection of the national heritage. The aim of the case study is to presentthe revitalization process which was carried out in the Old Harbor – from a post-industrial space toa vibrant area designed for tourists and citizens, with mixed-use of the space. The article is basedon an analysis of existing data, interviews with people involved in the revitalization processand direct observation conducted in Reykjavik from May to July 2014. The author attempts to provethat the revitalization process of the Old Harbor in Reykjavik can be regarded as a good example ofactivities taken by private investors to revitalize a post-industrial space and connecting newfunctions with protection of elements indicating historical functions of the area.

„PO KATASTROFIE SMOLEŃSKIEJ”: POLSKO-ROSYJSKA WOJNA INFORMACYJNA A GEOPOLITYKA FEDERACJI ROSYSKIEJ WOBEC POLSKI W LATACH 2010-2015

Author(s): Grzegorz Baziur / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 15/2016

„STACJE GÓRSKIE” – ICH GENEZA I EWOLUCJA

Author(s): Andrzej Kowalczyk / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 1(2)/2009

The paper discusses the background for the emergence of such ‘mountain resorts’, their types and changes in their mode of operation. Some theoretical and practical issues will be illustrated with examples derived from Europe, North America, Asia and Africa.

„SZOKI DEMOGRAFICZNE” JAKO DETERMINANTA EWOLUCJI SYTUACJI GEOPOLITYCZNEJ – PRÓBA UJĘCIA TEORETYCZNEGO

Author(s): Roman Szul / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 19/2017

The article is an attempt of analysis of the evolution of the geopolitical situation of the world from the earliest times to modern times through the lens of “demographic shocks”. By demographic shocks inadequacy of the number and dynamics of the population on a given territory in relation to some other phenomena of this territory is understood. These phenomena are capacities of sustenance of the population, needs of the economy, geopolitical status of political organisations (states, empires). As demographic shock also relevant from the political point of view changes in the composition of the population, especially ethnic composition, are considered. In particular the following developments are analysed: 1) impact of insufficiency of sustenance capacities of the population on migrations and conquests, from the ancient times to empires of the last centuries, to recent migration to Europe and America, 2) impact of shortage of labour force on import of labour force starting from the slave trade and ending by bringing of “guest workers” to Western Europe after the Second World War, 3) impact of deficit of population in relation to geopolitical status, based on examples of falls of empires of ancient times (Carthage, Rome) and modern times (Portuguese, Spanish, French, British), 4) impact of the “surplus” of population in relation to the geopolitical status based on examples of rise and expansion of big empires, 5) impact of the change of ethnic composition of the population of an area on the political situation of this area as illustrated by the impact of the increase in the share of Muslin population on the political situation in the Balkans.

„Tam przemówi do mnie dusza Wołynia”? Scenografia polityki na Targach Wołyńskich w Równem w 1934 roku

Author(s): Joanna Stacewicz-Podlipska / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 3/2017

The Fifth Volhynian Fair was organised in Równe in 1934, i.e. in conditions of a radicalisation of the prevailing social mood and a decline in support for the large-scale political project realised in Volhynia by voivode Henryk Józewski. The project, known as the Volhynian experiment, assumed the possibility of retaining the specific social structure of Volhynia, within which the Ukrainian-Polish-Jewish genius loci of the region would be protected. This “trial programme” of sorts was to serve as a matrix for the Polish policy towards the national minorities. Its success was decisive for the future of a number of correlated activities, which foresaw within the so-called Promethean programme the exploitation and steering of pro-independence tendencies within the USSR for the sake of waging a struggle against international communism. In 1934, when the vitality and political forces of Józef Piłsudski, the patron and protector of Józewski, conspicuously deteriorated and the Volhynian experiment was becoming increasingly inconvenient for the Organisation of Ukrainian Nationalists, the voivode faced the threat of losing the mandate of both sides – Polish and Ukrainian. In this situation, the Fifth Volhynian Fair was turned into a representative platform resounding with praise for his policies and proving to be a powerful propaganda volley. Józewski was supported by an “art-decoration commission” composed of Teresa Roszkowska and Aleksander Jędrzejewski, who designed a setting that, according to their concept, accentuated the historical cohesion of the region. Thanks to words, gestures, and images, the Fifth Volhynian Fair was to become a performative structure transforming the socio-political reality of Volhynia according to a lucidly profiled vision of the Eastern Borderlands.

„Tu było skrzyżowanie…”. O widmobraźni przestrzennej w Warszawie

Author(s): Łukasz Bukowiecki / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 2/2016

In his groundbreaking book The Image of the City (1960), the American researcher Kevin Lynch, creator of the theory of mental maps, explores the urban dwellers’ mental images and the ways in which these images correspond to the material forms perceived in urban spaces. Bukowiecki argues that in the case of a city such as Warsaw, where the dramatic events of the twentieth century have completely reshaped the urban fabric, we must broaden the scope of our analyses of images of the city to include the social image of objects that are immaterial, imperceptible, or spectral. This approach to reading the city, which has much in common with grounded theory and which has been applied by architecture critics, literary scholars and ethnologists dealing with the space of Warsaw, can be described as an exercise in the haunted spatial imagination.

„Ufajcie demokracji”. Oblicza rumuńskiego buntu

Author(s): Bogumił Luft / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 748/2017