ГИС просторне анализе дистрибуције висине снега: истраживање на западним Родопима, Бугарска

Author(s): Valentina Nikolova,Aleksandar Penkov / Language(s): English / Issue: 1/2016

The aim of the present research is to show the advantages of information technology in investigating the snow cover. The snow data is usually taken from the measurement in meteorological stations which are often sparsely and insufficient. The problem in the analysis of the snow cover is how to present point data spatially and what is the most appropriate model. The area of the present research is the western part of Rhodopes mountain (Southern Bulgaria). The relief is variable from low to high mountainous and the climate is influenced by the high altitude and Mediterranean air advections. The spatial analysis of the distribution of snow depth is done in ArcGIS by application of Spatial Statistics Tools and Geostatistical Analyst. We considered altitude, aspect and slope as explanatory variables that could be used for determination of the territorial distribution of the snow depth. These factors are determined on the base of digital elevation model and the relationship between variables is evaluated by application of regression analysis, ordinary less squares (OLS) analysis and geographically weighted regression (GWR). The high values of R2 (above 0.7) show the representativeness of the model. A map of spatial distribution of snow depth is created by Map algebra in GIS environment, applying the regression equation of the relation snow depth - altitude. Inverse distance weighted and ordinary kriging interpolation are also carried out. The research shows that spatial presentation of point snow data and its interpretation should be done taking into account the relief and the exposition of the territory.

Гласник Српског географског друштва

Frequency: 4 issues / Country: Serbia

Глобална међузависност и преструктурирање индустријске производње

Author(s): Radmila Miletić / Language(s): Serbian / Issue: 2/2008

The main objective of this paper is to emphasize particular aspects in connection with deindustrialization and globalization processes during transformation of the economic structure in postindustrial age. Conceptions and main features of globalization are presented, i.e. growing interdependence on the global level, then primary characteristics of industrial globalization as one of the forms of globalization process, and in general some brief considerations about the influence of the economic globalization on deindustrialization. In modern economic environment, transformation of production includes, besides other structural changes, modification of the geography of manufacturing and new industrial space - development of the newly industrializing countries, and new spatial forms of production allocation and possibilities for linking of various activities and services (technopolis, industrial, technology and science park, etc.).

ГЛОБАЛЬНОЕ СОТРУДНИЧЕСТВО В СОХРАНЕНИИ БИОРАЗНООБРАЗИЯ

Author(s): Alina Yuryevna Yakymchuk / Language(s): Russian / Issue: 2/2015

In this paper the prospects and opportunities of improving of conservation at the global level have been studied. The sources and amounts of financing of natural protected areas have been analyzed. The possibility of increasing efficiently use financial resources has been considered. The categorical apparatus of the concept of "biological diversity" has been improved. The author's own concept of biodiversity has been given. It is shown that the current system of conservation is not entirely effective and should be adjusted globally. The mechanisms for intensifying global cooperation in the field of biodiversity conservation have been ordered. The main directions of solving the problem of preservation of the gene pool and cooperation in this sphere have been ordered. An important task has economic incentives for the maintenance of the natural state of natural protected areas.

Гносеологија регионалне географије

Author(s): Dragutin Tošić,Marija Nevenić / Language(s): Serbian / Issue: 5/2008

In this paper are identified and analyzed, based on the Kuhn`s comprehension of the scientific revolution and scientific paradigm, the phases of regional geography development and its influences on Serbian regional geography. It is also given an overview of continuity-discontinuity of understanding the region from the paradigm of classical horologism to the paradigm of functionalism – space organization. Separately have been emphasized the problems of understanding the region, regionalization and regionalism in Serbian geography. It is observed that our regional geography is slowly releasing the traditional point of view of the region as an exclusively chorological unit and does(not) accept functional region as an objective reality.

Гносеолошки модел класичне антропогеографије као општегеографске науке према концепцији Војислава С. Радовановића

Author(s): Mirko Grčić / Language(s): Serbian / Issue: 12/2015

Vojislav Radovanović belongs to the classics of Serbian anthropogeographic school and his extensive work is topical today, not only because of plenty of facts collected at the territory of Macedonia and Serbia in early and mid XX century, but also for conceptions and methods, as well as depth of thought and logic of his observations. The main goal of this research paper is to shed light on research principles of classics of Serbian anthropogeography, led by Jovan Cvijić and to consider the model of classic anthropogeography according to V. Radovanović, which is representing the foundation of modern geography in Serbia.

Годишно съдържание

Author(s): Author Not Specified / Language(s): English,Bulgarian / Issue: 6/2017

Город — не точка на карте и не строчка в статистической таблице

Author(s): Mariya Sergeyevna Savoskul / Language(s): Russian / Issue: 5/2016

Идея данного выпуска журнала возникла в ноябре 2015 года на конференции «Мозаика городских пространств: экономические, социальные, культурные и экологические процессы», кото- рая прошла на географическом факультете МГУ имени М. В. Ломоносова. Одной из самых инте- ресных стала секция «Микроурбанизм», на которой обсуждались различные вопросы восприятия городской среды жителями города, практики использования городских пространств различными социальными и возрастными группами, формирование локальной идентичности, отношение к общественным и личным пространствам в городе, активизация гражданской активности жителей и процессы территориальной самоорганизации.

ГОРОД И ПУСТОТА: КИЕВ КАК СТОЛИЦА И ОБЛАСТНОЙ ЦЕНТР

Author(s): Alla A. Petrenko-Lysak / Language(s): Russian / Issue: 3-4/2016

The Kyiv city is analysed in this article. We describe Kyiv as a capital city, the main city in the country. But Kyiv is also the main town of the homonymous province — Kyiv region. The concept of the "value of void", proposed by L. Salmin, is the basis of our analysis. Accordingly, Kiev is considered as a city of void, in which the idea of a city square (Maidan) is pronounced — as an empty space which can be used for various purposes: from fairs to protest meetings, from the meeting place to the transit area .

ГОРОД САКСИН: МЕСТОПОЛОЖЕНИЕ И НАСЕЛЕНИЕ (ПО ПИСЬМЕННЫМ ИСТОЧНИКАМ И МАТЕРИАЛАМ САМОСДЕЛЬСКОГО ГОРОДИЩА)

Author(s): Dimitrii Viktorovich Vasilev / Language(s): Russian / Issue: 3/2015

A substantial amount of materials has been gathered in the recent years during the archaeological excavations. It is possible to determine the specific geographical location of the city of Saksin based on these materials. Abu Hamid al-Gharnati’s words about this city and the region of Saksin add to the results of archaeological research. The city of Saksin can be confidently localized in the settlement of Samosdelka within the delta of the Volga River, as evidenced by al-Gharnati’s descriptions of the river bed width, many rivers full of fish, and “mountains” (Baer’s Hills). The ethnic origin of Samosdelka ceramics corresponds to ethnoses mentioned by al-Gharnati: Oguzes, Bulgars, Suvars, and Khazars.

ГОРОДА И РЕГИОНЫ РОССИИ КАК (ПОСТ)ИНДУСТРИАЛЬНЫЕ БРЕНДЫ

Author(s): Mikhail Yur'yevich Timofeev / Language(s): Russian / Issue: 5/2013

The article investigates the role and place of the industrial potential and heritage cities and regions of Russia with their branding and rebranding. The refinement of the concept of "brand" is given. The analysis of (post-) industrial resources in terms of a system approach is made. Industrial component of brand architecture is compared with other symbolic resources.

ГОРОДСКАЯ И СЕЛЬСКАЯ ИДЕНТИЧНОСТИ ПРИАЗОВЬЯ: УСТНО-ИСТОРИЧЕСКИЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ

Author(s): V. N. Konstantinova / Language(s): Russian / Issue: 5/2013

The article presents the methodology and results of the oral history expeditions aimed at studying the urban and rural identities in the context of the research of the Northern Pryazovya citizens’ perception of peasant settlers and their place in the social structure of cities. Materials of these oral history expeditions give the opportunity to see through the eyes of the Northern Pryazovya inhabitants, of the first half of the twentieth century, the urbanization processes of this period; to make some observations about how deeply in the minds of the urban population of this region rooted myths and stereotypes about peasant-settlers and vice versa. The urbanization processes have been one of the most significant characteristics of the Northern Pryazovya history from the last quarter of the XVІII century. It is substantiated that the rural element played a prominent role in the urban colonization of the region; the character of perception by traditional rural population of Pryazovya of new settlements in a certain extent influenced the course of urbanization; the formation of «urban lifestyle» has undergone a significant impact on the part of the rural population life of the region; the categories «Own» -«Alien» were among the key in the perception by the peasant population of the region of the urban citizens; the cities since the time of their appearance played a role of outposts of policy of unification and centralization in the region, which was one of the reasons of the ambiguous attitude of the local peasants to the urban way of life.

Городские агломерации в региональном развитии: теоретические, методические и прикладные аспекты

Author(s): Andrey Vladimirovich Shmidt,Valentina Sergeyevna Antonyuk,Alberto Francini / Language(s): Russian / Issue: 3/2016

The article focuses on the analysis of the major process of modern socio-economic development, such as the functioning of urban agglomerations. A short background of the economic literature on this phenomenon is given. There are the traditional (the concentration of urban types of activities, the grouping of urban settlements by the intensive production and labour communications) and modern (cluster theories, theories of network society) conceptions. Two methodological principles of studying the agglomeration are emphasized: the principle of the unity of the spatial concentration of economic activity and the principle of compact living of the population. The positive and negative effects of agglomeration in the economic and social spheres are studied. Therefore, it is concluded that the agglomeration is helpful in the case when it brings the agglomerative economy (the positive benefits from it exceed the additional costs). A methodology for examination the urban agglomeration and its role in the regional development is offered. The approbation of this methodology on the example of Chelyabinsk and Chelyabinsk region has allowed to carry out the comparative analysis of the regional centre and the whole region by the main socio-economic indexes under static and dynamic conditions, to draw the conclusions on a position of the city and the region based on such socio-economic indexes as an average monthly nominal accrued wage, the cost of fixed assets, the investments into fixed capital, new housing supply, a retail turnover, the volume of self-produced shipped goods, the works and services performed in the region. In the study, the analysis of a launching site of the Chelyabinsk agglomeration is carried out. It has revealed the following main characteristics of the core of the agglomeration in Chelyabinsk (structure feature, population, level of centralization of the core) as well as the Chelyabinsk agglomeration in general (coefficient of agglomeration, index of agglomeration, coefficient of the development of the population, growth rates of agglomeration). The analysis of the internal environment of the agglomeration has shown that the industry of the majority of the cities-satellites is unprofitable; the space of the urban agglomeration is very heterogeneous. The research proves that the creation of the agglomeration will allow to solve the problems of the production diversification at the territory, to perform the effective land use, to optimize transport and housing-and-municipal infrastructure.

Государство — регион — отрасль — предприятие: каркас системной устойчивости экономики России. Часть 1

Author(s): Natalya Yevgenyevna Buletova,Irina Valerievna Gorelova,Ada Vladimirovna Golomanchuk,Yelena Roaldovna Orlova / Language(s): Russian / Issue: 2/2015

In the article, the factors of a stability of the Russian economy are investigated from the systematic positions as a multilevel, multisubject and multidimensional socio-economic system. The concept of economics system stability as abilities to keep prerequisites for growth with the support and effective use of system structure of economy is formulated. The leading role of all economic subjects of different levels (including government as a subject of the international relations, regions as subjects of Federation, enterprises as economic entities) in economic stability is shown. The need of «extension» of a network of subjects due to strengthening of the subjectivity of economic fields is emphasized. Research of an internal basic system structure of an economic subject and external structure of its immediate environment in socioeconomic, administrative-and-managerial, and market spaces with the use of the results of the new theory of economic systems leads to a conclusion of similarity of these structures. It is shown that each of these system complexes includes (together with a subject) four systems of various types — object, environmental, processed, and designed. The system environment of a subject in the administrative-and-managerial space of inter-level interactions has the same structure. It gives the chance to reduce a problem of subjects’ resistance to a question of balance of system structures of the complexes forming an internal filling and an external environment of subjects. The method of balance index of similar complexes is given. Recommendations on a choice of the measures of economic policy for providing economics system stability of Russia during the crisis are formulated. It is shown that such policy has to be developed with the principles of a subject-preservation, system balance of internal filling and external environment of subjects, a corporate solidarity of subjects despite their level in the administrative hierarchy.

Государство — регион — отрасль — предприятие: каркас системной устойчивости экономики России. Часть 2

Author(s): Georgy Borisovich Kleiner / Language(s): Russian / Issue: 3/2015

In the article, the factors of a stability of the Russian economy are investigated from the systematic positions as a multilevel, multisubject and multidimensional socio-economic system. The concept of economics system stability as abilities to keep prerequisites for growth with the support and effective use of system structure of economy is formulated. The leading role of all economic subjects of different levels (including government as a subject of the international relations, regions as the subjects of Federation, enterprises as economic entities) in economic stability is shown. The need of "extension" of a network of subjects due to strengthening of the subjectivity of economic fields is emphasized. Research of an internal basic system structure of an economic subject and external structure of its immediate environment in socioeconomic, administrative-and-managerial, and market spaces with the use of the results of the new theory of economic systems leads to a conclusion of similarity of these structures. It is shown that each of these system complexes includes (together with a subject) four systems of various types — object, environmental, processed, and designed. The system environment of a subject in the administrative-and-managerial space of inter-level interactions has the same structure. It gives the chance to reduce a problem of subjects’ resistance to a question of balance of system structures of the complexes forming an internal filling and an external environment of subjects. The method of balance index of similar complexes is given. Recommendations on a choice of the measures of economic policy for providing economics system stability of Russia during the crisis are formulated. It is shown that such policy has to be developed with the principles of a subject-preservation, system balance of internal filling and external environment of subjects, a corporate solidarity of subjects despite their level in the administrative hierarchy.

Град и миграции - визуализации на пространството

Author(s): Meglena I. Zlatkova / Language(s): Bulgarian / Publication Year: 0

The paper problematizes on the urban spaces, analyzing the discourses of: (national) majority, minorities, the newcomers (migrants), the others, emphasizing on the forms of visualization. The case of the towns of Tsarevo and Pomorie in Bulgaria and Edirne in Turkey are presented by the two migrant groups that have crossed the Bulgarian-Turkish border and settled in particular urban neighbourhoods. The visual approach in the urban anthropology requires a specific methodology starting from the material environment of the city and its public spaces to the social and cultural relationships of the urban inhabitants and the invisible aspects of their symbolic layer as memory and heritage. The paper analyzes the strategies and valorization and legitimation of the heritage of migration and heirs, who trace their places of everyday life and festivity. The fieldwork research was done among the heirs of the so called “Thracian Bulgarians”, living in Tsarevo and Pomorie and the Turks, born in Bulgaria and resettled in Turkey in Edirne.

Град и наследства: градът-разказ, сцена, културен пейзаж

Примери от Рига, Латвия

Author(s): Valentina Ganeva-Raycheva / Language(s): Bulgarian / Publication Year: 0

The paper presents a field research discourse on the city as a territory. The analysis is based on the thesis that the territory and the heritage are not given a priori, but they are an essential part of the activities of the local communities and state policies for construction, valorization and instrumentalization of resources. The paper presents not only particular objects, considered as a heritage, but the city as a territory that is inherited. The field of the inheritance is enlarging from the undeniable heritage (the historical center with UNESCO sign) to the places and neighborhoods, defined as distinctive for certain type of space, as well as those, valorized as a way of life. Particular consideration is given to the practices and the creation of heritage sites that emphasis on the problem about the city as a stage of cultural activities, human relationships and interaction with the environment (the urban landscape).

Градинарството в едно планинско село през 40-те и 50-те години на ХХ век: социални аспекти

Author(s): Yana Yancheva / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 3/2018

The paper deals with practices of vegetable gardening in the village of Mezdreya, Northwestern Bulgaria, before collectivization in 1958. The main question is how gardening affects social relations and, conversely, how getting into particular social relationships “makes” the garden. The interrelation between the plant world in gardens, the gardening practices, the economic interests of families, the social relations within and between families, people’s lifestyle, etc. have been studied. The article presents the interactions between families in the process of growing vegetables in irrigated gardens and in seed exchange, the association between neighbours and collective work in common benefit, the distribution of labour activities in the family by sex and age.

Градоустройствен и архитектурен облик на град Плевен през ХV–ХVIII век

Author(s): Mladen Vasilev / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 1/2013

This topic focuses on some facts about the existence and development of the town of Pleven in the period between 15th and 18th centuries that are little known and unpublished so far. The appearance of the town and its urban space is a demonstration of the allotment between the three main ethno-confessional communities – Eastern Orthodox, Muslim and Jewish. The article focuses on the discovery of the remains of St. Georgi monastery in Kaylaka Park near Pleven which was destroyed by the Ottomans in the late 18th century and the yet undiscovered exact location of St. Nikolay Mirlikiiski in the Ottoman Pleven Municipality.

Градоустройство и модерност: Пловдив в навечерието на ХХ век

Author(s): Ivanka Miteva / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 3-4/2017

In 1878, besides being the capital of Rumelia, Plovdiv was also the largest and most industrially and culturally developed city in the Bulgarian lands. Over the next two decades, until the end of the 19th century, in this really big Bulgarian city many different things happened, but two remarkable events have significant and crucial importance for its future development – The Unification of Bulgaria in 1885 and the agricultural and industrial exhibition in Plovdiv in 1892. The Unification changed its status from a metropolitan to a provincial city and the exhibition – a demonstration of modernization efforts – presented, albeit in a minimized way, the model of the new urban space and its development perspective. What did Plovdiv look like on the eve of the 20th century – like a European or like an Oriental city? The answer to this question is the aim of this study, based on a multitude of different historical sources.