“Ospiti indesiderati”: il diritto d’asilo a 70 anni dalla Convenzione ONU sui rifugiat

Author(s): Benedetto Coccia,Antonio Ricci / Language(s): Italian Issue: LXI/2022

For many, in seventy years, the Geneva Convention of July 28th, 1951 and the New York Protocol of December 31st, 1967 have made the difference between death and life, between danger and safety, between despair and hope. Seventy years later, the right of asylum seems to have followed a downward trend which, after a phase of great expansion and convergence between the States adhering to the Convention, united by the desire to protect European refugees produced by the Second World War, today show its progressive decline and debasement. A factual confirmation of this downward trend today is found in the growing resistance to the reception of refugees from Syria or from the African continent, which has made asylum one of the most controversial issues in the decision making process within the European Union. Asylum policies are now characterized by systematic doubts about asylum seekers’ credibility. The launch of Frontex in 2004 and its subsequent developments, under the banner of the official mission to combat “irregular immigration”, have in fact contributed to further limiting the arrivals of refugees, who generally do not have alternative channels of entry to those used by the so called “economic migrants”, and the strengthened “rhetoric of abuse”. Starting from the results of the recent research project “The future of the Geneva Convention on refugee status 70 years after its establishment”, carried out in 2021 by the authors in the framework of the collaboration between “S. Pio” Institute – IDOS, this contribution will try to analyze the substantial change that has taken place in the image of asylum seekers and refugees, on a cultural and political level, which from subjects deserving of protection, as had happened at the time of the promulgation of the Geneva Convention, has seen them decay to unauthorized international migrants, in other words to “undesired guests”.

„Gość w dom”, czyli odwrócona podróż w czasie wojny 2022 na przykładzie Bałut

Author(s): Maria Antonina Łukowska / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

The reality of the pandemic has changed the social face of Bałuty. Forced isolation meant that residents found the familiar and familiar “tame” space largely altered, without their knowledge or acceptance. At the end of the epidemic, as a result of the war in Ukraine, many refugees arrived in the country, Łódź and Bałuty, changing their familiar and accepted social structure. Male labour immigration changed to refugees of women, children and the elderly, who are “guests” and perhaps permanent residents. These two factors have triggered different reactions and attitudes and forced native residents to make a “reverse” journey, so to speak, to their own neighbourhood or settlement. The author looks at the issue from the position of ethnoscience using both emic (interviews, narrative tradition based on post-memory) and ethical sources (studies).

Гръцко-български сдружения за приятелство в България след 1989 г. и ефектите на пандемията от COVID-19

Author(s): Daniel Fokas / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2021

The article offers a survey of the activities of the associations for friendship between Bulgarians and Greeks in Bulgaria in the last decades. These associations are viewed as a contemporary form of mutual cultural communication between the two peoples and the meaning of the two communities as a “bridge” between Bulgaria and Greece is highlighted. The study focuses on the present condition of these processes and on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on them. It examines concrete examples of changes in the activities of the associations in Sofia, which are indicative for the life of the communities with Greek self-identification in Bulgaria in the pandemic situation.

Да преосмислим Европейския съюз? Доклади от Четвъртата международна научна конференция на катедра „Европеистика“, Софийски университет, май 2017 г.

Author(s): / Language(s): English,Bulgarian

This book presents reports from Rethinking the European Union?, International Conference of the European Studies Department, Faculty of Philosophy at Sofia University “St. Kliment Ohridski”. The conference was organized in May 2017 with the support by Hanns Seidel Foundation. The collective book was a project of the European Studies Department at Sofia University “St. Kliment Ohridski” and Jean Monnet Center of Excellence in teaching and research on the Europeanisation of the countries of Southeast Europe (2016-2019), co-financed by the Erasmus+ program.

Допунска реч о српским периодицима у Румунији

Author(s): Stevan Bugarski / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 3/2011

In the two existing surveys of Serbian periodicals issued on the present territory of Romania – the all-embracing one, from 1976, due to Mirco Jivcovici, and the literary one, from 1993, due to Spasoje Grahovac, confined to the XIX century), three periodicals have been omitted: one of the Serbian Orthodox Bishopric of Timişoara, from the beginning of the XX century (1910-1919), issued in Timişoara; one from the inter-war period, informative in character („Nedeljne novosti”), issued in Variaş, Timiş county (1930); and a post-war one, markedly political („Pod zastavom internacionalizma”), issued in Bucharest (1949-1954) by political refugees from Yougoslavia. The paper describes these periodicals, pointing out for each of them the motivation of establishment, the place of printing (with a mention of the printing house involved), the format and the print run, the editorial staff and the location of its office, the professed programme, the contributors, the content, and the circumstances of cessation of appearance.

Европейский ислам Тарика Рамадана: новый европейский мазхаб?

Author(s): Arzu Sadykhova / Language(s): Russian Publication Year: 0

Европейският съюз – нов старт? международната конференция на катедра „Европеистика“, Философски факултет, СУ „Св. Климент Охридски“, май 2015 г.

Author(s): / Language(s): English,Bulgarian

This book presents reports from the International Conference of the European Studies Department, Faculty of Philosophy at Sofia University “St. Kliment Ohridski”. The conference was organized in May 2015 with the support by Hanns Seidel Foundation and with the assistance by the Representative Office of the European Commission in Bulgaria. The conference participants discussed in their reports contemporary issues of the EU related to the culture and identity, accession of new member states, neighbourhood policy, association agreements.

ЕВРОПСКА УНИЈА НА ПРЕСЈЕКУ ПРОШЛОСТИ И БУДУЋНОСТИ - ПРИЛОГ РАСПРАВИ О БУДУЋНОСТИ ЕВРОПСКЕ УНИЈЕ -

Author(s): Manja Đurić Džakić / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 45-46/2020

Каква је будућност Европске уније? Да ли Европска унија може потражити рјешења за своју будућност у својој прошлости? У тражењу одговора на ова питања аутор рада анализира развој Европске уније кроз развој европских интеграција путем уговора између држава чланица, савремене проблеме Европске уније као што су економска криза, миграције и Брегзит и приједлоге за њен будући развој садржане у Вијелој књизи о будућности Европе и друге пријелоге о будућности европских интеграција који се могу пронаћи не само у садашњости него и у прошлости. Аутор користи метод анализе и синтезе, индукције и дедукције, анализу садржаја, комуникацију, историјски метод и метод компилације.

Женский вопрос на страницах периодики литовско-польских татар в межвоенный период

Author(s): Galina Miškinienė / Language(s): Russian Publication Year: 0

Женщины — наемные работницы в домохозяйствах Москвы и Санкт-Петербурга

Author(s): Yuliya F. Florinskaya,Nikita Mkrtchyan,Marina A. Kartseva / Language(s): Russian Issue: 2/2022

The employment of domestic workers, especially women, is widely discussed in the foreign literature. However, little is known about employment of female domestic workers in Russia. The paper looks at the specifics of the recruitment of the female domestic workers and their main areas of employment in the context of their origin (local workers, internal migrants, foreign migrants). The empirical basis of the study is data of a household survey conducted in Moscow and Saint Petersburg. We found that local and migrant female domestic workers occupy different employment niches with migrants being more likely to be hired by low income households. The COVID-19 pandemic has reduced the supply of foreign workers, and the cost of their labor has increased.

ИНСТИТУЦИОНАЛНА ПОЛИТИКА НАСОЧЕНА КЪМ ЛИЦАТА ТЪРСЕЩИ УБЕЖИЩЕ В БЪЛГАРИЯ

Author(s): Desislava Koleva-Stefanova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2020

This development is an analysis of persons with long-term residency permits in Bulgaria, based on Eurostat data. Key European and National strategy papers, measures and actions that could be used more rationally in the ongoing active and passive policy to address the problems related to the adaptation of these people are presented in the way of sustainable and inclusive growth.

Как миграцията се отразява върху новата многогодишна финансова рамка Съюзи в рамките на Европейския съюз

Author(s): Atanas Pavlov / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

This analysis provides an assessment of some of the most important elements of the EC proposal for new 2021-2027 MFF and new system of own resources, mainly focusing on the issues regarding migration and their impact. Also, the analysis provides an overview and comparison between the new MFF and the current one. For the expenditure side of the EU budget, the European Commission has proposed a long-term budget of €1,135 billion in commitments (expressed in 2018 prices) over the period from 2021 to 2027, equivalent to 1.11% of the EU27's gross national income (GNI). This level of commitments translates into €1,105 billion (or 1.08% of GNI) in payments (in 2018 prices). Superficially, this amounts to an increase on the 2014-2020 MFF, which is an estimated 1.02% of EU-28 GNI (commitments), but a number of factors make comparisons difficult. On the revenue side of the EU budget, the Commission has taken the political opportunity presented by Brexit to propose a gradual phasing-out of most of the correction mechanisms that discount certain Member States' contributions to the EU budget. The proposal for a new own resources decision also takes up the recommendation of the High-Level Group on Own Resources to introduce new own resources explicitly linked to EU policies.

Личное дело выселенца - исторический источник по изучению режима спецпоселения

Author(s): Leila Yakubovna Arapkhanova / Language(s): Russian Issue: 38/2022

This article explores an important archival source, the personal files of deportees, the original form of the document compiled by the NKVD characterizing the identity of a person who is on special settlement. These are massive official documents of a personal nature, applied to all adults deported during World War II from different regions and republics of the former USSR. The author reveals previously classified personal files and documents on the legal status of special settlers. The introduction of new documents into circulation made it possible to shed light on many aspects of the life of deportees related to their social and legal adaptation in new places of settlements. A personal file clearly demonstrates both the conditions of detention at the special settlement, and changes in the regulatory framework governing the life of this category within the framework of the special settlement system in the USSR. In accordance with the ongoing changes, a special commandant introduced each special settler to the new standards, who were given receipts. The file contains four receipts that allow one to divide the period from 1944 to 1957 into four stages. The article emphasizes that for post-deportation generations, the presence of personal files containing personal data was a good opportunity in restoring not only history, but also genealogy. It has both important scholarly, socio-legal, and political significance for the study of destinies, both of individuals and of entire nations. As examples, some documents are contained in the personal files of the evicts.

Максими за учтивост в речите на Саад Ал-Харири и Франсоа Оланд относно бежанците

Author(s): Mohammed Abdulsada,Balsam Yacoub / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2022

This study explores the politeness maxims implied in two refugee-centric speeches given by Lebanese prime minister Saad Al-Hariri and French president François Hollande. Drawing on Leech’s (1983) six-maxim politeness approach, the study aims at recognizing these maxims, describing their forms, and uncovering the intended purposes. The research, additionally, elaborates on sympathy as a key element in the pragmatic analysis of the two speeches sampled for analysis. To do so, a careful investigation of the words, phrases, and sentences is conducted so as to sort and highlight all sympathetic forms. Then, a brief comparison is made between the two speeches in terms of sympathy and politeness. To do so, a quali¬tative methodology is followed in the analysis, where frequencies are reached. First, the research intro¬duces the preliminaries of the study as to the definition of key terms, elaborates on politeness, draws on Leech’s politeness theory, and reviews a few related studies. Then, a sample of two speeches is chosen, analyzed, and investigated for politeness. Finally, the paper reaches a few conclusions and findings, in addition to some further studies. The paper finds that the two speeches under study are very sympathetic towards refugees and that the relevant references carry multiple forms of politeness maxims. The paper, also, reports a noticeable difference between the Arab discourse and the European discourse concerning refugees and their suffering.

МАРГИНАЛИЈЕ О ГРАЂАНСТВУ И ГРАЂАНСКОЈ ПОЛИТИЦИ У БОСНИ И ХЕРЦЕГОВИНИ ЗА ВРИЈЕМЕ АУСТРОУГАРСКЕ УПРАВЕ

Author(s): Ilijas Hadžibegović / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 11-12/1976

Дозволите ми, као прво, да допуним своје претходно излагање у којем ми je промакло, na нисам споменуо да у процесима миграција, односно досељавања странаца у Босну и Херцеговину након окупације, значајно мјесто припада Јеверјима. Они се појављују као важан економски фактор у босанскохерцеговачким градовима, гдје се готово искључиво и насељљвају.

Марта Стојић Митровић, Европски гранични режим и екстернализација контроле граница ЕУ: Србија на Балканској миграцијској рути

Етнографски институт САНУ, Посебна издања, књ. 97, Београд 2021, 148 стр.

Author(s): Teodora Jovanović / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 3/2022

Мерки на Европейския съюз по бежанската криза

Author(s): Atanas Pavlov / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

Over the past almost three years, the European Union and Europe as a whole have been faced with the challenge of reaching an agreement on a number of issues regarding the largest migration movement since the Second World War – the so-called "refugee crisis". The set of measures includes actions to address the root causes of the crisis and a significant increase in humanitarian aid both within and outside the Union. One of the key aspects of the EU migration policy management, which is included in the European Migration Program of May 2015, is the hotspot approach. The European Commission has introduced the "hotspot" approach in order to support Greece and Italy as first-line members in coping with the significant increase in the number of irregular migrants arriving at their external borders for the period from 2015 to 2016. The aim of this approach is to provide operational support to Member States to ensure arriving migrants are identified, registered and fingerprinted, and channelled into the relevant follow-up procedures. To a greater extent, the hotspot approach can be seen as positive for improving migration management in both Member States by increasing their migrants reception capacity, enhancing registration procedures and consolidating efforts to coordinate operational assistance. However, setting them up took longer than planned. In Greece, four of the five planned hotspots were operational in March 2016, with the last one coming into operation by June 2016. In Italy, four out of six planned hotspots were operational in March 2016, and two additional hotpots were still in the process of being set up but not yet operational at the end of February 2017. Despite the considerable support from the EU, at the end of 2016 the reception facilities in both countries were not yet adequate to properly receive (Italy) or accommodate (Greece) the number of migrants arriving. There is still a shortage of adequate facilities to accommodate and process unaccompanied minors in line with international standards, both in the hotspots and at the next level of reception.

МИГРАЦИЈЕ СТАНОВНИШТВА У БОСНИ Н ХЕРЦЕГОВИНИ 1878–1914. ГОДИНЕ

Author(s): Ilijas Hadžibegović / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 11-12/1976

Према расположивим изворима, тешко je утврдити тачан број странаца који су се уселили у Босну и Херцеговину од окупације до првог свјетског рата. У почетку о томе није ни вођена преЦизна статистика, Ипак, прве податке о броју странаца у Босни и Херцеговини дала je Земаљска влада у децембру 1880. године. Тада je у окупираном подручју било 4.510 аустријских и 11.765 угарских држављана, што укупно износи 16.275 припадника обију половица Монархије. Послије тога, у пописима становништва редовно je исказиван број странаца у Босни и Херцеговини.

Миграционна ситуация в постсоциалистическите страни от Централна и Югоизточна Европа

Author(s): Chavdar Milkov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2020

Modern migration processes and their consequences have rightly established themselves as one of the central fields of current policy in the European Union (EU). For centuries, Europe itself has been a continent of emigrants, with the inhabitants of European countries colonizing vast areas of the world in search of wealth, freedom and peace. Today, the trend is reversed: in the age of globalization, the Old Continent has become the ultimate goal of hitherto unknown, in scale and intensity, migration processes.

Миграционные исследования в России: обзор научной литературы

Author(s): Natalya Pavlovna Neklyudova,Olga Olegovna Sekicki-Pavlenko / Language(s): Russian Issue: 4/2020

Starting from the late 20th century, the modern era is called the «era of migration» thereby emphasizing the important role of migration processes in world development. Russian regions active participants in the migration exchange and the largest centres of both immigration and emigration. Accordingly, among Russian researchers population migration is considered a relevant and acute issue. The article aims to review scientific research in the field of population migration conducted in Russia from 2000 to 2019. The theoretical framework of the research includes publications covering the topic of modern migration processes. The practical basis is articles published on the website elibrary.ru. The study was conducted using bibliometric analysis, which is one of the most useful tools for studying the information flow. The total sample size was 18,174 scientific articles. We revealed that most of the publications (36 %) belong to the field of economics and economic sciences. The dynamics of publication activity on migration demonstrated an upward trend.The number of articles in the period 2000–2019 increased by 27 times. The leaders in the number of publications on migration topics are the journals «Migration Law» (245 articles) and «Journal of Economy and Entrepreneurship» (173 publications). Among scientific organisations, the undisputed leader in this list is the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, which published 637 works on migration in total, and Moscow State University with 572 papers. S. V. Ryazantsev presented the largest number of publications in the examined period. The results of this study can be used to improve the information support of specialists involved in studying population migration and strengthen scientific communication between researchers in various fields.