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CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE (CVD) IS THE NUMBER ONE CAUSE OF DEATH WORLDWIDE.[1] AND ITSPREVALENCE IS PREDICTED TO RISE EXPENDENTIALLY IN THE COMING YEARS. THERE IS A COMPLEXINTERPLAY BETWEEN THE UNDERLYING HEALTH DETERMINANTS THAT COULD TRIGGER ANYPATHOPHYSIOLOGICAL ABNORMALITY LEADING TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF DISEASE[4]. THIS ARTICLEFOCUSES ON THE TWO WAY TICKET THAT IS OXIDATIVE STRESS (OS) AND SOCIAL DETERMINANTS IN THEDEVELOPMENT OF CVD.IT IS BECOMING INCREASINGLY CLEAR THAT SOCIOECONOMIC FACTORS PLAY A MAJOR ROLE IN THEDEVELOPMENT OF CVD. IN ADDITION, A MULTITUDE OF RESEARCH PAPERS HAVE SHOWN DISADVANTAGEOUSSOCIAL FACTORS CAN TRIGGER AN INCREASE IN ROS PRODUCTION. OUR KNOWLEDGE OF hROS HAS EVOLVEDIN THE PAST DECADES TO THE POINT THAT WE NOW HAVE WELL DOCUMENTED EVIDENCE SUPPORTING THEROLE OF hROS (E.G. PEROXYNITRITE, HYPOCHLORITE, HYDROXYL RADICAL) IN THE MECHANISM OFENDOTHELIAL DYSFUNCTION, VASCULAR COMPLICATIONS, MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION, CONGESTIVE HEARTFAILURE AND STROKE[4].ON THE OTHER HAND, SOCIAL DETERMINANTS ARE YET ANOTHER FACET OF THE SAME MATTER. RECENT DATAEMPHASISES THE CAPACITY OF SOCIAL DETERMINANTS AND SOCIAL CONFIGURATION TO DETERMINE THEDEVELOPMENT OF CVD[3]. MOREOVER, THE DYNAMIC NATURE OF HOW THE SOCIAL ENVIRONMENT ACTSUPON DISEASE NECESSITATES AN INDEPTH INVESTIGATION.AS A CONSEQEUNCE, IN ORDER TO PROPERLY ADDRESS THE INCREASE IN CVD, BOTH PATHOPHYSIOLOGICALAND SOCIAL ASPECTS SHOULD BE TAKEN EQUALLY INTO CONSIDERATION.
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ONE OF THE POSSIBLE COMPLICATIONS OF PANCREATITIS – BOTH ACUTE AND CHRONIC, THEPSEUDOCYST, MAY EVOLVE TO IMPRESSIVE SIZES AND POSSIBLE LIFE-THREATENINGCOMPLICATIONS (RUPTURE OF THE PANCREATIC PSEUDOCYST, INFECTION, PSEUDOANEURYSMSOF THE NEIGHBOURING ARTERIES AND INTRACYSTIC HEMORRHAGE).THIS ARTICLE REPORTS THE CASE OF A 66 YEARS OLD MALE PATIENT WHO WAS ADMITTED WITHTHE DIAGNOSIS OF PANCREATIC PSEUDOCYST LOCATED TO THE BODY AND TAIL, FOLLOWINGRECURRENT BOUTS OF ACUTE PANCREATITIS, WHICH DURING THE ADMISSION EVOLVED TOSPONTANEOUS FISTULIZATION TO THE DUODENUM. THE SUBSEQUENT COURSE OF THE PATIENTWAS COMPLICATED BY AN INTRACYSTIC HEMORRHAGE, MANIFESTED BY THE PASSAGE OF MELENA.THE PATIENT WAS SUCCESSFULLY MANAGED CONSERVATIVELY AND WAS DISCHARGED FOLLOWINGA 14 DAYS HOSPITAL STAY.
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The study of the system tasks of a doctoral dissertation is a topical issue for the research advancement of the contemporary knowledge-based economy. The purpose of the present study is to understand the basic system components and links in the research guidance of doctoral students for writing their dissertation thesis (PhD research, writing and defense), such as mentoring procedures, primary systematization of work activities, research structure and so on, and to indicate their place and role in the doctoral research process. The research object of the paper covers the PhD student processes in all phases of the PhD training (mentoring, research, writing and defense of a dissertation), while the research subject of the paper is the extrapolation of the general content of selected basic system links of the doctoral dissertation. The analysis includes the following highlights: a) system tasks in doctoral training; b) primary systematization of the PhD thesis; c) system positioning of the research structure; d) main system tasks of the doctoral student activities; e) composition of the doctoral thesis; f) systematic functional technology of the research completion; g) the scientific character as a strategy for successful PhD research and defense.
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Since 1990 our country sharply increase the proportion of families who are not formally married. As a result of this rapid increase and the proportion of children who registered the statistics as "non-marital".The purpose of this article is to analyze regional differences in areas in the level of non-marital births and dynamics of these differences in our country during the period 1995-2015.To achieve the above objective solve several tasks: Comparative analysis of the dynamics of changes in the size of the share of non-marital births between Bulgaria and some European countries. Study the dynamics of non-marital births in Bulgaria - total and for regions. Exploring the differences between regions in the level of non-marital births in a given year. The basis of the methodology is the statistical approach. Used as elementary statistical measurements for studying the development of time series - absolute growth, growth rate, integral coefficient of structural differences and stronger methods such as regression and correlation analysis. The results of the survey show very rapid adoption of the model of cohabitation in Bulgaria. Bulgaria quickly, just 20 years from 1990 to 2010, overtook countries like Sweden and France in the next five years even overtake them in terms of the proportion of children born out of wedlock. The majority of the population of our country adopts new standards and model of coexistence. In all areas the proportion of children born out of wedlock is increasing. There is reason to accept as true the hypothesis that the concentration of the Muslim population in some regions It affects the dynamics and the level of non-marital births. An important result of the study is that in recent years have seen a slowdown in growth. Most likely reach the threshold of non-marital births, about who will keep her level. It is not excluded in the future process of increasing the share of non-marital births gradually "die down" due to depletion of its potential. Possibly even a return to lower shares, which was established in four regions.
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Quality of life is the general well-being of individuals and societies,outlining negative and positive features of life. It has a wide range of contexts, including the fields of international development, healthcare,politics and employment. Quality of life observes life satisfaction, including everything from physical health, family, education, wealth, religious beliefs,the environment, to employment and finance. This article deals with the issue of quality of life of professional soldiers serving in the Armed Forces of the Slovak Republic. The quality of life of professional soldiers is greatly affected by the peculiarities of military service, specific features of military organizations and the society as well.
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Hybrid warfare, conducted in Ukraine since 2014, has become a new geopolitical phenomenon which threatens the Euro-Atlantic security that appeared after the collapse of the bipolar world. The paper discusses how the Russian Federation takes advantage of hybrid warfare to achieve its political objectives and to further its own interests. The paper also contains an assessment of the threat of hybrid warfare in Poland and determines what undertakings are necessary to effectively counter threats coming from Russia.
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Faced with the greatest security challenges of this generation, the Nord Atlantic Alliance is currently implementing the most significant strategy for strengthening its collective defense capabilities since the end of the Cold War. While the public attention has focused on NATO's military adaptation, the concerted efforts to strengthen the Alliance's ability to withstand and recover from a military attack, have so far been less visible.
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In the article, with the aim of technical supply of military facilities, the algorithm and the mathematical model of automobile cargo transportation planning and the method for the evaluation of effectiveness are introduced.
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The historic destinies of Azerbaijan are mostly bound up with the Caspian Sea. Already in XII Century State of Shirvanshah established naval fleet in the Caspian Sea in order to defend country from the sea. The component part of Armed Forces – Fleet took an active part in repulsing attacks to the country from the sea though in X – XII centuries the fleet consisted of several scores of ships. It had been investigated that the most striking trace in the history of Naval Affairs in Azerbaijan was left in 1175 when pirates tried to invade Shirvan from the river Volga.
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The paper outlines the profile of a a great operational thinker and practitioner, the three star general of artillery Ali-Agha Shikhlinski’s. His military carrier, his inventions, operational thinking, and his targeteering approach to warfare are studied. His two key methods of artillery firing, which were great inventions for his time, are also explained.
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