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Although many critics have underscored the connections between the work of Yves Bonnefoy and Italy or Greece, none have analyzed the possible of a connection – however slim – with Romania. Our essay examines the relations, often overlooked, between the French poet and certain Romanian poets, taking a cue from unpublished interviews. In the first part, we underline the existence of a spiritual and poetic community between Yves Bonnefoy, Lermontov and Mihai Eminescu. In the second part, we pinpoint the various moments in which the existential and artistic paths of Yves Bonnefoy and of Paul Celan come together, revealing an unknown interpretation on the part of the French author of Celan’s poem Mandorla. In the third part, we try to identify the hidden relations between the work of Yves Bonnefoy and that of Benjamin Fondane, particularly in Baudelaire et l’expérience du gouffre, in order to demonstrate the degree to which the French writer may be included in Fondane’s critical and philosophical posterity.
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This paper deals with evolutions that appear to become significant in relation to the way in which degrees of comparison are expressed in Modern Standard Arabic. It deals mainly with structures that represent different types of deviations of what would generally be considered the norm of Modern Standard Arabic: the use of periphrastic structures where single units might have been expected, the adverbialization of the elative ’akṯar within structures conveying the comparative degree, the erosion of the norm-sanctioned use of specifying complements after annexations conveying the superlative degree headed by ’akṯar, the apparent reluctance to use verbal nouns as specifying complements when they are associated with the passive voice. In searching for possible or plausible reasons for these tendencies and phenomena, we have highlighted the plurality of domains and disciplines that can shed light on them: phonetics, morphology, syntax, rhetoric, stylistics. We have also advanced some expectations concerning the way in which some of these phenomena might evolve.
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Review of: EMILIA PARPALĂ, „Un palat de ecouri”: literatura din perspectivă semiotică, stilistică, imagologică, Craiova, Editura Universitaria, 2020, 302 p.
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This article is devoted to functions served by characters’ proper names in Jingo by Terry Pratchett. The analysis of 258 characteronyms is based on the theory of two acts (Gibka 2019). For the study to be conducted, the models of the naming act and the act of using a name in Jingo were created. The first part of the article deals with secondary permanent functions which are performed from the moment a character is named. The second part of the article focuses on secondary momentary functions which emerge in individual uses of particular proper names.
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In Poland, the turn of the 20th and 21st centuries was a period of extensive social and cultural transformations including, among others, a change of human attitude to domestic animals, especially dogs. The progressive contemporary process of anthropomorphising these animals is diverse and has its own linguistic exemplifications. In this context, the article, which is methodologically rooted in cultural linguistics, discusses an interesting issue, namely “humanisation” of the dog by assigning to it some proper names previously belonging exclusively to humans. The increasing use of transonymic zoonyms (originally anthroponyms) and zoochrematonyms, represented in the text by the names of companies whose services are dedicated to dogs (with appellatives appropriate for the description of human existence in the descriptive part of the onym), may be regarded as a sign of a shift in the anthropocentric paradigm of the worldview followed for centuries.
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This descriptive study, conducted using corpus linguistic research methods, examines the ways the Polish public perceives science. Starting from selected assumptions of Critical Discourse Analysis and the Linguistic Picture of the World, whereby language is seen primarily as a social practice and as a carrier of knowledge, opinions, beliefs and attitudes, we analyse the data obtained during public consultations on science communication which were held in 2019 in Poland, as part of the CONCISE project. The combined quantitative and qualitative analyses focus on selected collocations of a high-frequency noun nauka (‘science’) and aim to identify patterns of reference and agency within the discourse. The findings revealed citizens’ expectations concerning science, including its clarity, accessibility, understandability, visibility and credibility.
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Rhetorical questions do not represent an independent type of questions and do not have a specific grammatical form but occur as a complex phenomenon with blurred boundaries that are set by the situational context. They violate the maxim of quality and do not fulfil the conditions for successful questioning since they have nothing in common with real questions except for their grammatical form. In the theoretical part of the article, their specificity and types are briefly presented, whereas the empirical part discusses their conventionalized structure and a few illocutionary indicators that point to rhetoricity as well as to the reinterpretation of the utterance.. The findings clearly show the ironic potential of rhetorical questions.
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The aim of the article is to verify which contemporary onymic tendencies of marketing chrematonymy can be seen in the names of restaurants submitted to the competition for a restaurant name in the Łódź Orientarium organized on the city’s official Facebook profile in February 2022. The research base is 1,200 naming creations. The following names can be distinguished in the analyzed material: those referring to the place where the restaurant is to be located; those based on vocabulary from the semantic field ‘food’ those highlighting locality; those pointing to the owner of the restaurant; those using broadly understood cultural connotations, as well as names-postulates thanks to which the Internet users manifested their views. The proposals lacked examples that would illustrate the interior design or characterize the owner, there were only few referring to specializing in a specific cuisine or dishes served. Many names contained positive evaluation. The Internet users applied all possible formal methods of creating onyms, i.e. transonymization (adding new lexical meaning to words), onymization (turning generic names to proper names), and also used new words and word combinations.
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The article presents names of Orthodox saints which are the basis of toponyms in the south-eastern Bialystok region. The most numerous group of proper names are family names (50), then there are derivative names (14) and patronymics (6). The most popular Orthodox church names from which toponyms were created include: Grigorij (local names: Gryćki, Hryce, Hryniewicze, Hryniewicze Duże, Hryniewicze Małe, Gregorowce), Simieon (→ Siemianówka, Sieniewice, Siemiony, Siemieniakowszczyzna), Wasilij (→ Waśki, Klopoty-Waśki, Wasilkowo, Wasilków), and also Ioann (→ Iwanki, Iwanówka, Waniewo). These oikonyms preserved various linguistic changes which came into being because of mutual linguistic influences (Belarusian, Ukrainian, Polish) in this area, and thus ultimately contributed to shaping modern anthroponomic toponyms. These toponyms show not only the ethnic, cultural and linguistic diversity of the border population, but above all they are authentic. Their significance relies on their longevity and presence in the contemporary naming.
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The paper focuses on the poetic depiction of Slavs and Slavic reciprocity in the poetry of P. O. Hviezdoslav with a national and social theme. The aim is to abstract the authoring strategies, which are applied in the representation of Slavonicity at the lexical and morpho-syntactic level. The research sample consists of 42 poems written between 1868 and 1914 with an explicit Slavic focus. Methodologically, the research falls into the field of general linguistics (stylistics). The results show the dominance of the anthropomorphic principle in metaphorical representation, which also demonstrates the postulates of cognitive linguistics. On the other hand, the functional application of verbal categories is primarily related to the degree of unification of the lyrical subject with the Slavs, but also to the accentuation of their unity/numerosity, (un)favourable state and (lack of) prospects for the future.
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This inquiry aims to determine the ways and means through which the accuracy category manifests itself in the news genre and to identify internal contradictions formed by the interaction between logical and semantic components of the expression. The objectives were as follows: to determine how the accuracy category is presented through the categories of subject, time, and place of action, what are the transformative possibilities of these categories in the field of adequate transmission of meaning, which linguistic means actualize the accuracy category or, on the contrary, “blur” it. Continuous sampling, analysis and synthesis, transformational, and descriptive methods were used in the research process. We confirm that the subject in the headline is delivered explicitly and implicitly in the conclusions presenting the research results. “Nonsubjectivity” is realized using indefinite (non-personal) forms of the predicate or can be determined through a locus. For news headlines, the locus is an essential component, its place in the sentence can adjust the semantic accents of the statement. The time category in analyzed titles is almost always explicit. The accuracy category is most clearly manifested in direct indications of time and place and in two-syllable sentences where the subject of the action is specified.
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The aim of this article is to demonstrate the relationship between Simple Forms as understood by André Jolles and the notion of the liveliness of idioms and then to investigate the liveliness of idiomatic units. The liveliness of idioms, a linguistic concept that includes the mental presence and usability of idioms, appears compatible with such elements of the concept of Simple Forms as verbal gesture, actualization (proverb – idiom), continuity and multiplicity (variants, modifications), mental occupation. The myth, the proverb and the proverbial saying (idiom) are addressed under Simple Forms. After a characterisation of the idioms of mythological origin in German, the example of the idiom between Szylla and Charybdis and its variants illustrates the liveliness of the idioms in the 19th and 20th–21st centuries. The study is lexicographically and corpus-linguistically based.
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In this study, Turkish historical comics and historical costume adventure films adapted from these comics will be examined formally from a structuralist perspective. The physical and personal characteristics and identity formations of Tarkan and Kara Murat characters and how concepts such as nationality, the other, love and religion are formally handled in the works will be examined. It will be revealed whether these works, which are a reflection of the Turkish cultural history to be taken with the structuralist perspective, which is one of the many examination methods applied on different eternal genres, and Propp's fairy tale analysis method, continue to have the formal structure of fairy tales in the process of becoming audiovisual works from oral literature. is intended.
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The paper analyzes Predrag Piper’s contribution(s) to the research of the Slavonic Serbian age in the research papers published over the years of his fruitful research. In his works, Piper focuses on the sociolinguistic and linguo-cultural interpretation of the intersecting and contrasting literary and linguistic tendences and features of the time. The focal points of his research are the works of Dositej Obradović, Jovan Sterija Popović, as well as Zaharije Orfelin
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Verbs of motion are one of the most difficult grammar issues for people who are learning Russian as a foreign language. Regardless of their status (be they university students or participants in an intensive course) and their interests (that is, getting a diploma in the field or the goal of fluently speaking Russian for travelling & work), people that wish to know and master Russian language for both general and specific purposes (with the latter also encompassing studying terminology) should learn this grammar aspect, namely verbs of motion. The main reason for such an approach to foreign language learning is that verbs of motion, as their name states, have to do with the idea of moving around and travelling, thus being one of the basic-knowledge notions and they are also used in specialised contexts, where more often than not their meaning as well as their translation changes. The given paper consists of a short theoretical part, where we discuss the types of verbs of motion, their structure (concerning unidirectional-pluridirectional pairs, imperfective and perfective aspect, verbs with or without prefixes) and an applied part, where we illustrate the aforementioned issues in practical examples, that we analyse contrastively in both Russian and Romanian languages.
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Used for centuries as means of clarifying certain phenomena and occurrences or the causes for unexplained events, myths have adorned human reasoning with metaphors and allegories that kindle imagination and hope. Throughout historical eras, myths have been continuously adapted to the public, starting with ancient myths up to the modern ones that include urban myths, and they have served various purposes such as justifying the origin of words, rituals or even actions. Most of the myths with which we are familiar incorporate surrealistic creatures, among which one can discover vampires or werewolves, whose existence proves difficult to demonstrate since they inhabit the deserted realms of the Americas or the isolated European communities. Even though there is little evidence that Krampus haunted the houses of misbehaving children or that a reminiscent dinosaur swam in the Loch Ness, these mythical occurrences were reinterpreted within amusing approaches to taboo topics that might elicit wonder or cynicism. Such comic interpretations of one of the latest modern myths, the extra-terrestrials abducting cattle for experiments and the famous marks left by their UFOs, or the so-called “crop circles”, together with other Ancient or Medieval myths, can be identified in some of the episodes belonging to Murdoch Mysteries television series.
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The purpose of the study is to determine the resources of the information influence of the content of the blogosphere of the Internet publication "Censor.NET". To realise this goal, it is necessary to solve the following tasks: perform a thematic analysis of the multimedia content of the blogosphere; analyse the performance of content topics; establish a typology of visual materials; determine the productivity and artistic features of using different types of content visualisation. The research methodology lies in the use of general scientific methods of analysis, synthesis, logical generalisations, the application of which made it possible to establish the thematic focus, typology of visualisation of textual information, their role in the implementation of informational influence on users of the blogosphere of the Internet publication "Censor.NET". The use of synchronous slice and statistical methods made it possible to establish quantitative indicators of the leading topics of posts in the blogosphere and types of visualisation of the analysed text. The synchronous slice is formed on the basis of a sample population. Visualisation was used to present the results of the study, in particular, regarding the topic of posts in the blogosphere and the types of visualisation of the analysed text. The scientific novelty of the work consists in the synchronous monitoring of the thematic direction and forms of visualisation of the content of the online publication, which makes it possible to evaluate its possibilities of exerting an informational influence on readers. Conclusions. The content of the blogosphere on the "Censor.NET" platform is a combination of textual and visual information. The thematic structure of the blogs indicates the top problems that are related to the political, military, socio-economic conditions of life in the country caused by the Russian-Ukrainian war. The content of the blogs indicates a high level of social instability, the expectation of aggression, as well as the activities of the Ukrainian authorities in relation to today's complex challenges. The most common visualisation methods include photos, screenshots, and videos. The specificity of the multimedia content of the blog is determined by the features of the blog platform and the nature of the publications. A blog with an optimal ratio of text and visual information helps to attract a wide target audience of readers, to exert an informational and emotional influence on them.
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The article is devoted to the analysis of historical and law origins of terminological pluralism in the reflection of the cooperation of the population with the occupier. The relevance of the presented material is due to the addition of Article 1111 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine on collaborative activities, the presence of terminological diversity in historical, law, sociological research and legislative work, as well as the ongoing occupation of part of the territories of Ukraine by the Russian Federation.. The aim of the article is to shed light on the genesis of the terminological pluralism that refer to various forms and types of interaction between the population and the occupier (cooperation, collaboration, collaborationism, collaborative activity) and to study the possibility and expediency of their projection on the law dimension. The research strategy involves the use, first of all, of general scientific methods of cognition. The main role in achieving the goal of the article was played by a special historical method and methods of linguistic research. In the process of research, it was established that the main reason for terminological pluralism is the attempt to distinguish different types of interaction with the occupier depending on their ideological and motivational characteristics, circumstances and context of interaction. This, in turn, is connected with the "hellish" complexity of the problem of collaboration with the occupier. It is concluded that the term "collaborative activity" introduced in criminal law is not successful in view of the existing historical approaches and linguistic aspects of borrowing foreign words. The need to consider collaborationism as a generalized concept denoting the natural phenomenon of cooperation with the occupier is substantiated. Determining the breadth of collaborationism is a matter for lawyers. This phenomenon should be considered primarily in the legal sphere. Everything that is beyond legal condemnation cannot be recognized as a component of collaborationism.
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The aim of this paper is to present the intricate relationship between language, identity, and social dynamics, with a specific focus on African American Vernacular English (AAVE) as portrayed in Lorraine Hansberry’s play A Raisin in the Sun. The paper highlights how language serves as a powerful tool for characterizing individuals and reflects their aspirations, affiliations, and generational conflicts. The characters in the play are analyzed in terms of their language use, revealing distinct patterns. Ultimately, the paper discusses the significance of language in shaping identity and emphasizes how African American characters in the play navigate linguistic challenges while striving for social mobility and self-acceptance in a racially biased society.
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