Сједињенe Америчкe Државe: град на брду или капиталистичка империја – Фредерик Даглас и Вилијам Де Бојс

Author(s): Stevan Gajic / Language(s): Serbian / Issue: 17/2017

african american political thinkers Frederick douglass and W.E.B. du Bois saw the United States of america and its mission and role in the world in almost diametrically opposite ways. For the former, the USa are—in a puritan national-messianic key—to become the beacon for all mankind, as a republic in which an individual, liberated from all chains, would have the opportunity to realise oneself according to personal abilities. Yet douglass did not remain on these positions without his doubts throughout his life. du Bois, however, saw the USa as a place of eternal struggle of african americans for their realisation and elevation of their unequal status; a struggle not only for their bare existence, but also for their identity, in a country which was made by and for the white founding fathers. He considered USa a place where the battle for emancipation would always be unequal and a country in which the status of african americans could gradually improve, but could never be fully and definitively improved. This paper is dealing with the essential search for identity of african americans in the USA, as well as with different approaches to and possible solutions for this problem.

Српско друштво и глобализација: између културног и политичког идентитета

Author(s): Vesna Trifunovic / Language(s): Serbian / Issue: 3/2011

The societies in transition are referred to search for an external support to establish an internal order. These societies need some time to develop new political structures of their own, until then, they are referred to search for an external support so as to have an internal stabilization. In the perspective of the new world order, as in the previous epochs, relying on the support of others has its own price: it is often required from the societies which rely on others not to act in accordance with the assumptions of their own existence. By pinning all their hopes on the model of the community of states, like the European Union, and deetatisation of the economy and the areas, as a process which will lead to the connection on a global level, the states/societies in transition have carelessly lost one part of their power, which can be an introduction into the process of their disintegration. By making protectorates and so- called mandate areas, as the consequences of the external factor’s acting on the territory of the states/societies in transition, it comes to the demolishing of the stable statehood, whose indicator can be the loss of cultural independence. The delicate line of the connection between the global state territory and its part which has the character of the mandate area, requires its comprehensive insurance, above all, strong cultural action which will make possible to keep the cultural and religious identity of the ethnical- cultural groups on the whole territory. As the European charter of human rights says, cultural rights are guaranteed and, hence, it is surprising that the initiative of some member states of the European Union (Jun 2011) is that the Serbian cultural heritage, that is, medieval monasteries of the Serbian orthodox church in Kosovo and Metohija, should be taken by force from the treasury of the cultural heritage and, by intervening of UNESCO, declared to be the inheritance of the culture that they do not belong to – so- called Kosovo’s (Albanian’s). At the same time, it is surprising that there is not a continuous global state politics which will be directed to the presentation and protection of the Serbian cultural heritage to its own and world public – that would be a strong contribution to the establishing of the internal order in the Serbian society.

Српско-мађарски бракови у Будимпешти и околини

Srpsko-mađarski brakovi u Budimpešti i okolini

Author(s): Mladena Prelic / Language(s): Serbian / Publication Year: 0

Ставови Срба повратника о етничком идентитету Срба и Хрвата

Author(s): Sladana Baroš / Language(s): Serbian / Issue: 1/2005

Етнографски подаци се односе на ставове српског повратничког живља Ливањског поља о томе ко смо и какви смо ми Срби, с једне стране, а са друге – ко су и какви су Хрвати. Наиме, реч је о томе шта испуњава садржај етничког идентитета на когнитивном плану из перспективе српске групације у Ливањском пољу, тј. какво је етничко окружење у условима отежане егзистенције.

Стварање државног идентитета Новорусије

Author(s): Lazar Dražeta,Bogdan L. Dražeta / Language(s): Serbian / Issue: 2/2018

This paper deals with the case of revival and instrumentalization of the territory of Novorussiya, originally a historical region at the southwestern border of the former Russian Empire. The process of creating Novorussiya’s state identity is still carried out, hence the aim of this research is the analysis of that phenomenon. Nowadays Novorussiya is no longer just an alliance of two self-proclaimed republics at Donetsk and Lugansk regions in the eastern part of Ukraine, but the idea of returning to the “general Russian principles” through the renewal of the Russian language, culture, moral values and the alliance of the Eurasian people. This process is based upon the concept of the neo-Eurasianism as geopolitical and historically founded idea of the reintegration of the post-Soviet and Russian imperial space. Cultural backround for this project is the Russian concept of multiculturalism, i.e. the “Russian World” (Russian: Русский мир). This concept is based upon the Russian language, the Cyrillic alphabet and the coexistence of different ethnic groups. The notions of Novorussiya, Little Russia, Great Russia, and Ukraine were also explained from a historical perspective, while Pridnestrovye (Transnistria) has been analyzed as a precursor to the socio-political model of Novorussiya. This model encompasses multi-ethnicity, separation from the previous nation-state, pro-Russian position as well as economic and cultural self-sufficiency. The usage of the news sources and literature about geopolitical situation in the world indicates that the creation of Novorossiya’s state identity fits the principles of multi-ethnic and multi-polar world. As the civil war in Imperial Russia erased the notion of Novorossiya from the historical stage, so the civil war in Ukraine brought the same notion back. Hence, this study may provide a new impetus for future research that will direct its attention to the current social and cultural processes in Eurasia.

Суспільно-практичні характеристики суб'єкта влади

Author(s): Yaroslav Moshkola / Language(s): Ukrainian / Issue: 3/2010

The article provides a definition of "government entity", given the elements of this notion of interdependence. Stresses the close relationship of the subject and object of power. Selection of Essential features of the subject of power, focuses on the following essential properties of the latter as a social identity and its dependence on other properties.

Сучасна українська ідентичність у соціокультурному вимірі

Author(s): Kysliuk Konstantyn / Language(s): Ukrainian / Issue: 8/2017

The purpose of the article is a modeling of current Ukrainian identity in a broad socio-cultural context. Methodology. The research methodology is a comparative analysis of various indicators of Ukrainian identity in the period of 2014–2016 by materials for numerous sociological studies and determination of their compliance with the modern deep socio-cultural trends. Scientific Novelty. The scientific novelty is the author’s multilevel model of the current Ukrainian identity, which reflects the cultural characteristics of the country. Conclusions. The author has shown that the transition from opposing models of current Ukrainian identity to a single one, consensus model, but with different levels of reflection is completed. Formal political level identity covers 70% of residents of Ukraine. Actual language and cultural identity is inherent about 50% of the citizens of Ukraine. The real ethnical identity – under 25% of Ukrainian. The heterogeneity of current Ukrainian identity is partly offsets by the historical and present loyalty the regions to Kyiv. In the 2014–2016, the open confrontation to Centre occurred only in external interference. Instead, the political class does not play the leading role in the process of national consolidation; moreover, it only plays up to them. The variability of current Ukrainian identity is quite accurately consistent with the deep multi-structure of Ukrainian culture, its «post-modernity».

СУЧАСНІ ТЕОРІЇ ОСОБИСТОЇ АВТОНОМІЇ В КОНТЕКСТІ ПРОБЛЕМИ ПІСЛЯПОСТМОДЕРНОЇ РЕКОНСТРУКЦІЇ ІДЕНТИЧНОСТІ

Author(s): Anna Martyusheva / Language(s): Ukrainian / Issue: 2/2013

In this article we observe the range of contemporary theories of autonomy, which is widely discussed in the English-speaking community, but almost not represented in Ukrainian and Russian-speaking ones. These theories are based on the content-neutral procedural approach, which gives them the postmodern accent. At the same time some scientists propose to limit it by substantial additions. We try to look at the problem of after-postmodern identity reconstruction on the background of this discussion.

Схватање спољне слободе у делу Владимира Јовановића

Author(s): Predrag R. Terzic / Language(s): Serbian / Issue: 2/2013

In his works, Jovanovic highlights the principles on which the fundamental rights should be protected and the freedom of individuals within the state which guarantees it to them. He also advocates for the expansion of the freedom space to those nations that are under the foreign regimes. Freedom for Vladimir is not only the right to unconstrained economic, political and social development, it is an effort to complete the liberation of the Serbs, and other Slavic people. Therefore, patriotism does not appear here as a counterweight to liberalism, but as its supplement or a complement, or as an instrument for spreading liberal ideas. On the other hand, the Serbian freedom can not be understood solely as a national exclusivity of Serbs at the expense of other nations. Jovanovic, completely in the spirit of patriotism, stands for the liberation of the Serbian people from the Austrian and Turkish authorities, however, he does not thereby negate the need for tolerance and cooperation. For Vladimir, freedom is a primary value, and the national freedom is only a part of the path, the phase of the process that results in the realization of the universal freedom. Exactly in the discrepancy of the time when the national liberation movement of the individual Balkan nations was founded, and in the lack of the collective action directed towards their liberation, Vladimir Jovanovic saw the main obstacle for the final collapse of the Turkish Empire. Jovanovic considers the mutual cooperation of the Balkan nations desirable and possible, only if these states harmonize their mutual interests. Thus understood Federation of Balkan states should after the liberation of the Balkans from the Turkish government become a neutralized territory, following the example of Switzerland and Belgium, and it would be in the interests of great forces to guarantee the neutrality of the Balkan states. Jovanovic met with Garibaldi, and in London he talked to Glad- stone, Russian emigrants Bakunin, Agarev and Hercen, and Hungarian revolutionary Kossuth, general Tir and Ferenc Deak. By defining a principle of national liberty as the supreme value, Vladimir understands the danger that when it comes to the areas with mixed nationalities, the dominant people achieves a new kind of supremacy over minorities. Faced with this possibility, he opts for the realization of the principle of equality of nations, based on the Swiss model. Vladimir Jovanovic emphasizes the “political maturity” of the Serbs when it comes to Democracy and thus reaffirms their desire for freedom, but thus, on the other hand, denies its need for the super powers’s tutorship. Vladimir believes, traditional Serbian establishments and traditional customs (fraternity, slava, councils, etc..) may contribute to the creation of a democratic system in Serbia.

СЪВРЕМЕННАТА ИКОНОМИЧЕСКА МИГРАЦИЯ НА БЪЛГАРСКИТЕ МЮСЮЛМАНИ

Author(s): Sonia Hinkova / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 1/2017

The article is scrutinizing the causes and dynamic, but mainly the consequences form the economic migration on the Bulgarian Muslims. This influence is presented through its diverse impact among the different subgroups of the Bulgarian Muslims – ethnic Turks, Bulgarian- speaking Muslims (divided according their own self-determination on Bulgarians, Pomaks and Muslims) and Muslims form the ghettos (according their own self-determination predominantly Turks, but also Romas). Here are analyzed the Muslims preferences for some particular countries as a season-work or long-term employment destination. The study places particular emphasis on the influence of the immigrant communities over the religious and ethnic identity of the Bulgarian Muslims. This context makes possible the outlining of the substantial differences among the diverse subgroups of Bulgarian Muslims as well as the different perspective for “import” of ideas and specific practices.

Теоретизиране на завръщането: от икономическа рационалност към емоционална рефлексивност

Author(s): Maria Bakalova / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 3/2019

The research traces the development of theoretical knowledge about the RM within the proposed periodisation. It reveals the increased relevance of new paradigms, in which economic aspects of return are combined with socio-cultural and psychological ones. Economic and non-economic factors bearing on the returnees’ motivation are explicated with a focus on the on emotional reflexivity and non-rationalist motives. It is concluded that the theoretical understanding of return migration increasingly transcends the classic strictly economic accounts with their explanations focused solely on returnees’ economic rationality.

ТЕОРЕТИЧНІ АСПЕКТИ ВИВЧЕННЯ ІДЕНТИЧНОСТІ У ВІРТУАЛЬНИХ СПІЛЬНОТАХ

Author(s): Yulia Vasylivna Trach / Language(s): Ukrainian / Issue: 2/2018

Trach Julia, Candidate of Pedagogical Sciences, Associate Professor of the Kiev National University of Culture Theoretical aspects of identity research in virtual communities. The purpose of the article is to generalize theoretical findings on the study of identity as a sign of a group structure in virtual communities. The methodology is based on an approach developed within the framework of postpositivism, whose goal is to create tactics for research into the development of technical objects, which allows us to study the mechanisms of the development of technology as a result of the interaction of social groups. The scientific novelty lies in the generalization of foreign scientific developments on identity problems in the Internet space. Conclusions. Despite the availability of scientific developments on the problem of identity on the Internet, it is generally necessary to recognize the undeveloped nature of this issue. This is due to the terminological uncertainty of the concept of network identity, as well as the formation of two areas that advocate opposing theses on mergers and splits of identity in virtual communities. However, the study of identity formation processes is necessary as a way to search for additional arguments, which confirms that the processes of differentiation in the network are not only objective but also subjective. Despite the fact that the dominant factors of segmentation of virtual space lie in the plane of the objectivistic paradigm, without understanding the processes of identity formation, virtual communities can be considered as abstract statistical categories.

Теорија државне суверености Слободана Јовановића

Author(s): Boris Z. Milosavljevic / Language(s): Serbian / Issue: 3/2011

This paper deals with Slobodan Jovanovic`s theory of state sovereignty. Following the tradition of the general theory of state (Allgemeine Staatslehre), Jovanovic stresses the sovereignty of the state as a person. The sovereignty of a state is the authority and power of the whole over its parts, and hence the state is superior to the sovereignty of any one of its members, bodies or organs. Jovanovic criticizes Rousseau’s theory of popular sovereignty and the theory of natural rights. The aim is to consider specificities of Jovanovic’s theory of sovereignty of a state and his criticism of the theory of sovereignty of people.

ТЕОРИЈСКО-ХИПОТЕТИЧКИ ОКВИР ЗА ИСТРАЖИВАЊЕ ПОЛИТИЧКЕ СОЦИЈАЛИЗАЦИЈЕ У ПОРОДИЦИ

Author(s): Lilijana Cickaric / Language(s): Serbian / Issue: 3/2005

The aim of the article is to sum up theoretical and hypothetical framework for empirical research of political socialization process in the family in Serbian socity nowаdays. The investigation focuses on two theoretical concepts, political socialization and generation as a sociological paradigm. Two methodological approaches are applied. First is interactiv model of political socialization, based on analysis of relations between individual who is socialized, agents of political socialization, dominant political system and periferal social sub-systems. The second one tests interactiv relation of generation, lifecycle and effects of epoch. It is suitable for definution of certain historical periodes with activ role of political generations.

Трактат о постмодернизму, друштву и политици: Quaecumque ab x dicta essent, commentitia esse

Author(s): Ðorde Stojanovic / Language(s): Serbian / Issue: 3/2013

The main research intention of this monographic study is more comprehensive understanding of post- modernist discourse and refutation of the most common conceptual misconceptions and critical stereotypes associated with it. The first part deals with general epistemological and methodological assumptions associated with postmodernism, second part trying to define the basic principles of modernity and modernism, while the third part deals with the basic principles of post- modernity and postmodernism. Today, for a significant number of “theoreticians and practitioners”, of this or that academic orientation and rank, there is nothing that would attract so strong, persistent and blatant intolerance as is the case with the ideas of postmodernism. The intention of this monographic study, therefore, is to identify the focal positions of postmodern discourse and, in that process, to demystify or amortize all those superficial, ignorant and malicious interpretations that are associated with definition of postmodernism. This can, by changing perspective and by expanding intellectual horizons, contribute to a clearer siting of external and internal Serbian power construct, in which the Serbian state is „caught“ and by which Serbian state „hunts“, and complete understanding of the fragmentation of Serbian society and identity issues.

Транзиција и модернизација

Author(s): Uroš V. Šuvakovic / Language(s): Serbian / Issue: 3/2013

On basis of everything, it can be clearly concluded that the process of transition does not bring with itself forces of modernization and stimuli, but essentially arouse conservatism at many social fields. At all that, like technical- technological modernization may endanger social progress, reconservation of one society may bring the same danger for the survival of the society. The society must not rest only on traditionalism, on ossified and long ago surpassed values, but on progressive comprehension of tradition as preservation of the essential national values, characteristics, national and cultural identity, with modernization that is necessary for the real progress of that society. Therefore, modern comprehension of tradition and traditional comprehension of modernization are the answer to the question concerning the relation between these ideas. Unfortunately, the forces that were the bearers of the transition performed in Serbia after the year 2000 did not manage to understand this. The consequence is establishing of the “society of the peripheral capitalism”, Serbia in which the “regressive capitalism” is on the scene, the state in which modernization has not even started yet, although the transitional processes are in progress and some of them, like the privatization, have been already finished. That is why we can conclude with confirmation of our starting thesis that the transition is in its essence an anti- modernization process, at least regarding the manner of its implementation in Serbia.

Три (суштинска) критеријума у српском избору супранационалне интеграције

Author(s): Milomir Stepic / Language(s): Serbian / Issue: 4/2013

Serbian people and Serbian countries have been, during the 20th century, in the composition of two Yugoslav multi- national state formations, with negative experiences. In the beginning of the 21st century, the inclusion in to the third supranational integration in the last hundred years – the European Union, is being aggressively promoted. That is being supported by a number of slogans used as (pseudo) arguments, without taking into account the objective positive and negative effects of such an important act from the standpoint of the long- term Serbian national interests. Therefore, it is necessary to set the most important integration criteria, among which the following three are essential: 1) criterion of the logic of the order of integration (Serbian integration into the EU, without the prior national unification into one state, is out of order and thus not logical); 2) criterion of the civilization- geopolitical compatibility (Serbian people and its territories, because they belong to the Orthodox civilization and have a telurocratic geopolitical identity are in substantial disagreement against the Euro- Atlantic organisations of the thalassocratic Western civilization); and 3) criterion of the long- term perspective of integrations (Euro- Atlantic part of the world is in downturn, and it is thus more rational for the Serbian integration orientation to be Eurasian, to which the center of gravity of global power is being transferred). It is necessary to approach objectively and not dogmatically to the supranational integrations, either Euro- Atlantic, or Eurasian type. It is also necessary to analyse them strategically, because it is one of the most important questions of both people and the state, respectively. A wrong choice can have negative impact, which will reflect several generations.

Трима души в една лодка

Става дума най-вече за кучето

Author(s): Antoaneta Dimitrova / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 7/2017

This article presents the two-day talks in August 2014 between Gregor Gysi, a prominent politician of the Left Party in Germany, and Friedrich Schorlemmer, a Protestant theologian and a prominent member of the Civil Rights movement in the German Democratic Republic. They both talked about life in the GDR, about the Socialist Unity Party of Germany (German: Sozialistische Einheitspartei Deutschlands, SED), the State Security Service, the opposition and the attitudes of the citizens in the country. Gysi’s and Schorlemmer’s memories can be added to the so-called Remembrance Culture (from German: Erinnerungskultur ) and can help in search of the truth in the critical appraisal of the SED dictatorship and in coping with the past.

Туризм та формування нової ідентичності

Author(s): Liubov Bozhko / Language(s): Ukrainian / Issue: 2/2015

Identity is one of the key meanings in concept "person – society – culture". Therefore, the problem of identity is a key object of research attention. Due to the increasing role of tourism in society, actualized the problem of tourismimpact on forming of various forms of identity. Attempts to conceptualize the consequences of general population mobility, including tourism, made by different scientists: P. Berger, S. Huntington, S. Bauman, O.V. Lysikova, N.Y. Pokrovskiy, T.I. Chernyayeva, P.A. Sorokina, A.B. Fenko, A.F. Filippova and others. To date, studying scientific discourse, which is devoted to the problems of influence of tourism on forming various forms of identity, remains unexplored. The purpose of this article is an analysis of how the light of modern debates and mobile lifestyle affects the formation of different forms of identity. The article analyzes different approaches to the ratio of tourism and philosophy, in particular, the impact of tourism on the formation of different forms of identity. The philosophical view of tourism causes need to revise the traditional understanding of tourism as travel and leisure industry, puting in this understanding broader humanistic sense. A person who travels is not just a consumer of the tourism product that moves in space and time, but identity that joins the world of nature and cultural artifacts of other countries and nations, while traveling, having trips, hikes and visits. Such a person is the epicenter of philosophical reflections in tourism. According to the Russian researcher S.Y. Kamensky, modern mass tourism, acting as a spatial structure of socio-cultural interaction, in theory, is able to realize the model of culture, which was built in the dialogistic philosophy. Based on the concept of M.M. Bakhtin about "Nonidentical" of man, under which the real "I" always detected in the points of mismatch with itself, its identification with the "Оther", we can assume that tourism can be classified as the most important mechanism constructing identity in the modern world. Thus we can talk about the processes of self-identification as individual tourists, and the transformation of images of separate tourism regions and even countries. Immersion in tourist environment provides specific influence on the processes of self- identity of resort destinations. This is also confirmed by D. Bartel – Bucher in his studies. Thus, tourism is not only spatial means of achieving and comprehension of reality, but the mechanism of its transformation. W. Beck noted, that the speed with which modern man redefines itsel, associated with increased uncertainty of social reality, strengthening the role of chance and risk in human life, the unpredictability of the future. The process of acquiring own identity, which involves human experiences of integrity his "I", becomes in this connection in self-modeling – "experimental situation" with an uncertain outcome. D. Makkenel argues that act of sightseeing itself involves a person into the circle of familiar social representations, and thus helps him to construct a complete picture of the world from available to him fragmentary impressions. Recognizing the socially constructed status of identity, K. Volses uses the term "identity work", to emphasize the dynamic nature of self- identification. Some researchers noted that in today's tourism, especially in such its forms, as a cultural, evental, ethnographic, spiritual and enlightening (religious), educational, rural, ecological, one of the key motivations of travelers is the need for communication with local ethno-cultural (cultural) communities. Search of authentic identity is called among the priority goals of tourism trip. Emphasized, that numerous tourists realize their identity in the virtual space of the Internet. Discourse direction of tourists virtual communication indicates the constructing of a positive group identity, and in this case, the Internet serves for formation of behavior norms, which previously belonged to family and school. Also was paid attention to the criticism of tourism as a mechanism of identity. A number of western and Russian researchers point out the unreality of experience gained within the typical tourist programs. In their opinion, sights, which acting as semantic basis of tourism, is nothing more than a social construct, entended for stimulation of tourism consumption. It was concluded that modern tourism is a way of constructing identity and performs certain existential functions. Is alleged that with the increasing of mobility and the development of tourism business is being formed a new national self-identity that goes beyond one state and one denomination. Search of ideals in spiritual part of life of modern man is reduced to personal experiments with maximal possibilities of experimentation with different social roles and spatial movement in search of self-identity.

Турци у нашем огледалу. "Ропче моје, змијо од Турака"!

Turci u našem ogledalu. "Ropče moje, zmijo od Turaka"!

Author(s): Olga Zirojevic / Language(s): Serbian / Publication Year: 0

Identification of the Turks and a snake is stressed in this work. Folk singer equals the Turks with the animal with such a demonic character. He glorifies them both into the same mythological sphere, and at the same time gives them certain mythical character. Connection between a snake and water brings to another mythical animal - the dragon. There is no permanence in using the term a snake - a dragon. But, snakes are mostly the Turks, and dragons are mostly the Serbs.