Сједињенe Америчкe Државe: град на брду или капиталистичка империја – Фредерик Даглас и Вилијам Де Бојс

Author(s): Stevan Gajić / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 17/2017

african american political thinkers Frederick douglass and W.E.B. du Bois saw the United States of america and its mission and role in the world in almost diametrically opposite ways. For the former, the USa are—in a puritan national-messianic key—to become the beacon for all mankind, as a republic in which an individual, liberated from all chains, would have the opportunity to realise oneself according to personal abilities. Yet douglass did not remain on these positions without his doubts throughout his life. du Bois, however, saw the USa as a place of eternal struggle of african americans for their realisation and elevation of their unequal status; a struggle not only for their bare existence, but also for their identity, in a country which was made by and for the white founding fathers. He considered USa a place where the battle for emancipation would always be unequal and a country in which the status of african americans could gradually improve, but could never be fully and definitively improved. This paper is dealing with the essential search for identity of african americans in the USA, as well as with different approaches to and possible solutions for this problem.

СЪВРЕМЕННАТА ИКОНОМИЧЕСКА МИГРАЦИЯ НА БЪЛГАРСКИТЕ МЮСЮЛМАНИ

Author(s): Sonia Hinkova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2017

The article is scrutinizing the causes and dynamic, but mainly the consequences form the economic migration on the Bulgarian Muslims. This influence is presented through its diverse impact among the different subgroups of the Bulgarian Muslims – ethnic Turks, Bulgarian- speaking Muslims (divided according their own self-determination on Bulgarians, Pomaks and Muslims) and Muslims form the ghettos (according their own self-determination predominantly Turks, but also Romas). Here are analyzed the Muslims preferences for some particular countries as a season-work or long-term employment destination. The study places particular emphasis on the influence of the immigrant communities over the religious and ethnic identity of the Bulgarian Muslims. This context makes possible the outlining of the substantial differences among the diverse subgroups of Bulgarian Muslims as well as the different perspective for “import” of ideas and specific practices.

Съединението прави силата

Доклади от Петата международна научна конференция на катедра „Европеистика“, Софийски университет „Св. Климент Охридски“, 31 май – 1 юни 2018 г.

Author(s): / Language(s): English,Bulgarian

This book presents reports from ‘United We Stand Strong’, the Fifth International Conference of the European Studies Department, Faculty of Philosophy at Sofia University “St. Kliment Ohridski”. The conference was held between 31 May and 1 June 2018 with the support by Hanns Seidel Foundation. The collective book is а result of a project by the European Studies Department at Sofia University “St. Kliment Ohridski”, The Jean Monnet Centre of Excellence in teaching and research on the Europeanisation of the countries of Southeast Europe (2016-2019), co-financed by the Erasmus+ program.

ТЕКСТ ДЕПОРТАЦИИ И ТРАВМЫ В АВТОБИОГРАФИЧЕСКОМ ПИСЬМЕ. ДНЕВНИК АРПЕНИК АЛЕКСАНЯН

Author(s): Elza-Bair Guchinova / Language(s): Russian Issue: 1/2010

История Советского Союза полна насильственных перемещений людей — в индивидуальном и коллективном порядке. Людей выселяли семьями, селами, народами. Депортация в Сибирь и Среднюю Азию привела к тяжелым демографическим и этнокультурным утратам. В то же время эти события существенным образом повлияли на самосознание многих немцев, чеченцев, балкарцев, калмыков и других, побудив их воспринимать своих и чужих через жесткие границы этничности. Тема выселения народов и их виктимизации стала популярной среди историков, журналистов и издателей в постперестроечные годы для одних народов и не стала для других, поскольку у них не было своей формы государственности и других форм институализации групповых интересов или по другим причинам.

Теоретизиране на завръщането: от икономическа рационалност към емоционална рефлексивност

Author(s): Maria Bakalova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3/2019

The research traces the development of theoretical knowledge about the RM within the proposed periodisation. It reveals the increased relevance of new paradigms, in which economic aspects of return are combined with socio-cultural and psychological ones. Economic and non-economic factors bearing on the returnees’ motivation are explicated with a focus on the on emotional reflexivity and non-rationalist motives. It is concluded that the theoretical understanding of return migration increasingly transcends the classic strictly economic accounts with their explanations focused solely on returnees’ economic rationality.

ТЕОРЕТИЧНІ АСПЕКТИ ВИВЧЕННЯ ІДЕНТИЧНОСТІ У ВІРТУАЛЬНИХ СПІЛЬНОТАХ

Author(s): Yulia Vasylivna Trach / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 2/2018

Trach Julia, Candidate of Pedagogical Sciences, Associate Professor of the Kiev National University of Culture Theoretical aspects of identity research in virtual communities. The purpose of the article is to generalize theoretical findings on the study of identity as a sign of a group structure in virtual communities. The methodology is based on an approach developed within the framework of postpositivism, whose goal is to create tactics for research into the development of technical objects, which allows us to study the mechanisms of the development of technology as a result of the interaction of social groups. The scientific novelty lies in the generalization of foreign scientific developments on identity problems in the Internet space. Conclusions. Despite the availability of scientific developments on the problem of identity on the Internet, it is generally necessary to recognize the undeveloped nature of this issue. This is due to the terminological uncertainty of the concept of network identity, as well as the formation of two areas that advocate opposing theses on mergers and splits of identity in virtual communities. However, the study of identity formation processes is necessary as a way to search for additional arguments, which confirms that the processes of differentiation in the network are not only objective but also subjective. Despite the fact that the dominant factors of segmentation of virtual space lie in the plane of the objectivistic paradigm, without understanding the processes of identity formation, virtual communities can be considered as abstract statistical categories.

Теорија државне суверености Слободана Јовановића

Author(s): Boris Z. Milosavljević / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 3/2011

This paper deals with Slobodan Jovanovic`s theory of state sovereignty. Following the tradition of the general theory of state (Allgemeine Staatslehre), Jovanovic stresses the sovereignty of the state as a person. The sovereignty of a state is the authority and power of the whole over its parts, and hence the state is superior to the sovereignty of any one of its members, bodies or organs. Jovanovic criticizes Rousseau’s theory of popular sovereignty and the theory of natural rights. The aim is to consider specificities of Jovanovic’s theory of sovereignty of a state and his criticism of the theory of sovereignty of people.

ТЕОРИЈСКО-ХИПОТЕТИЧКИ ОКВИР ЗА ИСТРАЖИВАЊЕ ПОЛИТИЧКЕ СОЦИЈАЛИЗАЦИЈЕ У ПОРОДИЦИ

Author(s): Lilijana Čičkarić / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 3/2005

The aim of the article is to sum up theoretical and hypothetical framework for empirical research of political socialization process in the family in Serbian socity nowаdays. The investigation focuses on two theoretical concepts, political socialization and generation as a sociological paradigm. Two methodological approaches are applied. First is interactiv model of political socialization, based on analysis of relations between individual who is socialized, agents of political socialization, dominant political system and periferal social sub-systems. The second one tests interactiv relation of generation, lifecycle and effects of epoch. It is suitable for definution of certain historical periodes with activ role of political generations.

Трактат о постмодернизму, друштву и политици: Quaecumque ab x dicta essent, commentitia esse

Author(s): Đorđe S. Stojanović / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 3/2013

The main research intention of this monographic study is more comprehensive understanding of post- modernist discourse and refutation of the most common conceptual misconceptions and critical stereotypes associated with it. The first part deals with general epistemological and methodological assumptions associated with postmodernism, second part trying to define the basic principles of modernity and modernism, while the third part deals with the basic principles of post- modernity and postmodernism. Today, for a significant number of “theoreticians and practitioners”, of this or that academic orientation and rank, there is nothing that would attract so strong, persistent and blatant intolerance as is the case with the ideas of postmodernism. The intention of this monographic study, therefore, is to identify the focal positions of postmodern discourse and, in that process, to demystify or amortize all those superficial, ignorant and malicious interpretations that are associated with definition of postmodernism. This can, by changing perspective and by expanding intellectual horizons, contribute to a clearer siting of external and internal Serbian power construct, in which the Serbian state is „caught“ and by which Serbian state „hunts“, and complete understanding of the fragmentation of Serbian society and identity issues.

Транзиција и модернизација

Author(s): Uroš V. Šuvaković / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 3/2013

On basis of everything, it can be clearly concluded that the process of transition does not bring with itself forces of modernization and stimuli, but essentially arouse conservatism at many social fields. At all that, like technical- technological modernization may endanger social progress, reconservation of one society may bring the same danger for the survival of the society. The society must not rest only on traditionalism, on ossified and long ago surpassed values, but on progressive comprehension of tradition as preservation of the essential national values, characteristics, national and cultural identity, with modernization that is necessary for the real progress of that society. Therefore, modern comprehension of tradition and traditional comprehension of modernization are the answer to the question concerning the relation between these ideas. Unfortunately, the forces that were the bearers of the transition performed in Serbia after the year 2000 did not manage to understand this. The consequence is establishing of the “society of the peripheral capitalism”, Serbia in which the “regressive capitalism” is on the scene, the state in which modernization has not even started yet, although the transitional processes are in progress and some of them, like the privatization, have been already finished. That is why we can conclude with confirmation of our starting thesis that the transition is in its essence an anti- modernization process, at least regarding the manner of its implementation in Serbia.

Трансграничен изследователски проект „По пътя на българските градинари“

Author(s): Yordan Tyutyunkov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2019

Review

Транснационални наследства: селският дом и историята в Югоизточна Европа

Author(s): François Ruegg / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2021

Paradoxically enough, our present times combine conservation with the destruction of architectural heritage. The preservation of this heritage is closely related to the foundation of the nation state and serves to show the “national genius” embodied by the peasant. Simultaneously, the different disciplines that study the issues of architectural heritage show that there is a tendency of mutual disregard. Nevertheless, the transnational concept of the rural home in Southeast Europe (mainly Romania and former Yugoslavia) which I have studied and documented in the 1970-s, displays similar features in close geographical zones, and also in zones that are marked by the culture and history of imperial colonization: Austrian in the first case and Ottoman in the second. The perspective from the point of view of regional heritage makes possible to apply a trans-border approach in order to reveal connections of kinship between neighboring villages separated by political boundaries. In the article, the differences between certain cultural areas are explained with the support of history.

Три (суштинска) критеријума у српском избору супранационалне интеграције

Author(s): Milomir Stepić / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 4/2013

Serbian people and Serbian countries have been, during the 20th century, in the composition of two Yugoslav multi- national state formations, with negative experiences. In the beginning of the 21st century, the inclusion in to the third supranational integration in the last hundred years – the European Union, is being aggressively promoted. That is being supported by a number of slogans used as (pseudo) arguments, without taking into account the objective positive and negative effects of such an important act from the standpoint of the long- term Serbian national interests. Therefore, it is necessary to set the most important integration criteria, among which the following three are essential: 1) criterion of the logic of the order of integration (Serbian integration into the EU, without the prior national unification into one state, is out of order and thus not logical); 2) criterion of the civilization- geopolitical compatibility (Serbian people and its territories, because they belong to the Orthodox civilization and have a telurocratic geopolitical identity are in substantial disagreement against the Euro- Atlantic organisations of the thalassocratic Western civilization); and 3) criterion of the long- term perspective of integrations (Euro- Atlantic part of the world is in downturn, and it is thus more rational for the Serbian integration orientation to be Eurasian, to which the center of gravity of global power is being transferred). It is necessary to approach objectively and not dogmatically to the supranational integrations, either Euro- Atlantic, or Eurasian type. It is also necessary to analyse them strategically, because it is one of the most important questions of both people and the state, respectively. A wrong choice can have negative impact, which will reflect several generations.

Тридцять років незалежності України: соціально-економічні підсумки та стратегічні візії майбутнього

Author(s): Ya. A. Shalilo,Ya. B. Vasilyuk,O. O. Kolomiets / Language(s): Ukrainian

Ukraine gained Independence thirty years ago. This fateful event in the development of the Ukrainian nation became at the same time a powerful challenge for the people of Ukraine in terms of their ability to purposefully and consistently build the basis for the realization of their sovereign rights. Further development has shown that the idea of ​​the inviolability of the value of Ukraine's sovereignty as a young European state has taken root in the minds of the vast majority of citizens. Profound changes have taken place in all spheres of life: from public consciousness to the national economy. The ability of Ukrainian society to resolutely resist the hybrid influence of the Russian Federation (RF), the desire to overcome the "gravity" of the eastern neighbor, the desire to build their own direction of European integration showed that Ukraine has achieved much greater success in gaining real sovereignty than most other post-Soviet countries. // Political and mental sovereignty must be logically continued in building a viable integrated and competitive national economy, which allows to fully realize the potential of independence for making and implementing sovereign decisions on the future development of the country and nation. The paradigm of perception of the country's independence must change: it is no longer a question of "independence from" but of "independence for" - independence for the implementation of a sovereign strategy of social development based on the realization of national interests, consolidated common vision of the future. // In the field of practical realization of the potential of sovereignty, Ukraine still has a long way to go. During the three decades of difficult, not always consistent, often contradictory progress that has taken place since Ukraine's independence, the economy has accumulated complex contradictions that are currently hindering the construction of an integrated vision of the future, proper consolidation of efforts to achieve it.

Трима души в една лодка

Става дума най-вече за кучето

Author(s): Antoaneta Dimitrova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 7/2017

This article presents the two-day talks in August 2014 between Gregor Gysi, a prominent politician of the Left Party in Germany, and Friedrich Schorlemmer, a Protestant theologian and a prominent member of the Civil Rights movement in the German Democratic Republic. They both talked about life in the GDR, about the Socialist Unity Party of Germany (German: Sozialistische Einheitspartei Deutschlands, SED), the State Security Service, the opposition and the attitudes of the citizens in the country. Gysi’s and Schorlemmer’s memories can be added to the so-called Remembrance Culture (from German: Erinnerungskultur ) and can help in search of the truth in the critical appraisal of the SED dictatorship and in coping with the past.

Туризм та формування нової ідентичності

Author(s): Liubov Bozhko / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 2/2015

Identity is one of the key meanings in concept "person – society – culture". Therefore, the problem of identity is a key object of research attention. Due to the increasing role of tourism in society, actualized the problem of tourismimpact on forming of various forms of identity. Attempts to conceptualize the consequences of general population mobility, including tourism, made by different scientists: P. Berger, S. Huntington, S. Bauman, O.V. Lysikova, N.Y. Pokrovskiy, T.I. Chernyayeva, P.A. Sorokina, A.B. Fenko, A.F. Filippova and others. To date, studying scientific discourse, which is devoted to the problems of influence of tourism on forming various forms of identity, remains unexplored. The purpose of this article is an analysis of how the light of modern debates and mobile lifestyle affects the formation of different forms of identity. The article analyzes different approaches to the ratio of tourism and philosophy, in particular, the impact of tourism on the formation of different forms of identity. The philosophical view of tourism causes need to revise the traditional understanding of tourism as travel and leisure industry, puting in this understanding broader humanistic sense. A person who travels is not just a consumer of the tourism product that moves in space and time, but identity that joins the world of nature and cultural artifacts of other countries and nations, while traveling, having trips, hikes and visits. Such a person is the epicenter of philosophical reflections in tourism. According to the Russian researcher S.Y. Kamensky, modern mass tourism, acting as a spatial structure of socio-cultural interaction, in theory, is able to realize the model of culture, which was built in the dialogistic philosophy. Based on the concept of M.M. Bakhtin about "Nonidentical" of man, under which the real "I" always detected in the points of mismatch with itself, its identification with the "Оther", we can assume that tourism can be classified as the most important mechanism constructing identity in the modern world. Thus we can talk about the processes of self-identification as individual tourists, and the transformation of images of separate tourism regions and even countries. Immersion in tourist environment provides specific influence on the processes of self- identity of resort destinations. This is also confirmed by D. Bartel – Bucher in his studies. Thus, tourism is not only spatial means of achieving and comprehension of reality, but the mechanism of its transformation. W. Beck noted, that the speed with which modern man redefines itsel, associated with increased uncertainty of social reality, strengthening the role of chance and risk in human life, the unpredictability of the future. The process of acquiring own identity, which involves human experiences of integrity his "I", becomes in this connection in self-modeling – "experimental situation" with an uncertain outcome. D. Makkenel argues that act of sightseeing itself involves a person into the circle of familiar social representations, and thus helps him to construct a complete picture of the world from available to him fragmentary impressions. Recognizing the socially constructed status of identity, K. Volses uses the term "identity work", to emphasize the dynamic nature of self- identification. Some researchers noted that in today's tourism, especially in such its forms, as a cultural, evental, ethnographic, spiritual and enlightening (religious), educational, rural, ecological, one of the key motivations of travelers is the need for communication with local ethno-cultural (cultural) communities. Search of authentic identity is called among the priority goals of tourism trip. Emphasized, that numerous tourists realize their identity in the virtual space of the Internet. Discourse direction of tourists virtual communication indicates the constructing of a positive group identity, and in this case, the Internet serves for formation of behavior norms, which previously belonged to family and school. Also was paid attention to the criticism of tourism as a mechanism of identity. A number of western and Russian researchers point out the unreality of experience gained within the typical tourist programs. In their opinion, sights, which acting as semantic basis of tourism, is nothing more than a social construct, entended for stimulation of tourism consumption. It was concluded that modern tourism is a way of constructing identity and performs certain existential functions. Is alleged that with the increasing of mobility and the development of tourism business is being formed a new national self-identity that goes beyond one state and one denomination. Search of ideals in spiritual part of life of modern man is reduced to personal experiments with maximal possibilities of experimentation with different social roles and spatial movement in search of self-identity.

Туризъм, антропология и местно икономическо развитие

Author(s): Miglena Goranova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3/2020

The article offers an analysis of the relationship between tourism and local economic development from an anthropological point of view. The development of tourism is a result of local community policies for the purpose of economic development and the deployment of potential on the ground. The article examines a specific case, Sapareva Banya Municipality, and tracks the changes in the choice of natural and cultural resources for the construction of a tourist destination.

Турският печат за нагласите сред турците в България и тоталитарната изселническа политика (1968 – 1969)

Author(s): Zeynep Zafer / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2021

The flow of refugees and displaced people from the present territories of Bulgaria to the Ottoman Empire and Turkish Republic continued more than a century. In the scientific researches the refugee problem usually is considered from the political and historic point of view, the authors basing their studies mainly on official documents, treaties and bilateral agreements, protocols and reports preserved in different archives, in which personal experiences and human stories are lacking. The memories and the impressions of victims and witnesses shared in memoirs and in the press present the most vivid, intimate and realistic human stories. Some of the popular newspapers published testimonies and papers of the eviction from 1969 - 1978 which took place in the frame of a bilateral agreement. Three series of reportages published from the beginning of 1968 to the end of 1969 testified about the realistic attitudes of the Turkish minority, the personal drama of some of its representatives (leaving or staying in the totalitarian state) in the stormiest and full of tension years of negotiation, signing and starting the limited emigration. The aim of this research is to present the public discourse in Turkey about this exodus which have not found proper place in the researches.

Турци у нашем огледалу. "Ропче моје, змијо од Турака"!

Turci u našem ogledalu. "Ropče moje, zmijo od Turaka"!

Author(s): Olga Zirojević / Language(s): Serbian Publication Year: 0

Identification of the Turks and a snake is stressed in this work. Folk singer equals the Turks with the animal with such a demonic character. He glorifies them both into the same mythological sphere, and at the same time gives them certain mythical character. Connection between a snake and water brings to another mythical animal - the dragon. There is no permanence in using the term a snake - a dragon. But, snakes are mostly the Turks, and dragons are mostly the Serbs.

У Русији „Јосифовци“ тријумфовали над „Неграмзивцима“

Author(s): Zahar Priljepin / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 3-4/2021

Interview with Anton Utkin by Захар ПРИЉЕПИН and translated by Милијан СИМИЋ.