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The study aims to highlight the way in which the development of Bulgarian economic history is presented in periodicals. The periodic edition of “Mini Pernik” as a source for economic historiography is considered as a concrete example. At the same time, by studying the specialized literature on the topic, the author recreates the history of mining in the region.
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The article describes The Defense of Leningrad. 1941–1945, a collection of documents and materials about the Blockade of Leningrad. The editors of the book attempted to demonstrate the uniqueness of their published sources, obtained from collections of the State Defense Committee, I. V. Stalin, A. A. Zhdanov, V. M. Molotov, G. M. Malenkov, and A. I. Mikoyan, which are stored in the archive RGASPI. However, an acquaintance with the materials in this collection reveals that many have already been in circulation and are the basis for numerous monographs and articles. In the introduction to the collection, there is no historiographical discussion. Choosing such an approach to presenting the material, the editors not only ignored achievements of their predecessors, but also fell under the influence of these supposedly “new” documents. They “rediscover” questions of military and party leadership in Leningrad besieged by enemy armies, the scale of mortality among the civilian population, and they “learn” about the existence of privileges in providing residents with food. Unfortunately, the archeographical part of the introduction violates accepted professional norms: the editors do not indicate whether this or that document has already been published or is it being published for the first time. Recognizing the importance of publishing documents on the history of the Blockade of Leningrad from Russian archival collections, we draw attention to the need for correctly introducing materials into scholarly circulation.
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The purpose of the work is to study and analyze the architectonic components of the title complex of the periodical on the formation of the composition of the external form. The methodology of the research is a comprehensive analysis of periodicals as a source of visualization of the genre of affiliation of publishing products and principles of visualization of the form during the creation of the original layout. Scientific novelty. It consists in the disclosure during the formation of the periodical edition of the architecture of the title and rubric complexes, that is, the creation of the original layout, taking into account the thematic-genre specificity of the edition. Conclusions. The thematic structure as an internal form is a way of organizing the content, bringing its parts together. All sections, headings, separate materials are interconnected in such a way that the reader is perceived as separate from one another and at the same time parts of a single whole, united in such a systematic series, which emphasizes the greater importance of some publications and less others, which makes it easier the process of perceiving information, finding what is more interesting to the reader. An important element is the original layout of the publication, which accurately shows the placement of texts and illustrations, headings, headings and more. The layout contributes to the expression of the idea through technical and design tools. The title is the main component of the first reading level, the main tool of choice. The title complex is called a collection consisting of the title and other components that surround it and cause the reader to be interested in the topic of the article. The main element of the design is the font - the graphic shape of the alphabet sign, which has a different graphic shape. Font elements demonstrate the features of the architectonic language. The graphic features of the font elements affect the artistic image of the periodical, the font is associated with other elements (pictorial, decorative). Thus, the specificity of decorative elements consists not only in providing the elements with the publication of the necessary accents, selection, separation of materials, but also in the systematization of the architectural elements themselves and their complexes.
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Proto-presbyter professor Dr. Lazar Mirković was both a student and a professor of the old Seminary of Karlovci, professor at the Saint Sava Seminary of Sremski Karlovci, and first professor of Liturgics at the Faculty of Orthodox Theology in Belgrade. It was through his own example of life within the Church and his tireless work in the field of Theology that he inspired many generations of students, always being ready to give answers to their questions even after they had completed their studies and become priests. His love of Christ gave him strength to overcome the tribulations of life. We have before us his Autobiography which demonstrates his desire and his zeal to be of service to his own and the younger generations. One of the most significant old Serbian manuscripts investigated by him was the Typikon of Nicodemus, which was later to be incinerated at the occasion of the German aerial bombardment of the National Library of Belgrade in 1941; Fr. Lazar Mirković had previously photographed it thus saving its contents for the future generations. During WW2 he copied all the 358 pages of the Typikon hoping that it would be published after the war. However, peace brought about different times and different criteria, and the Typikon of Nicodemus was put to the side. This did not stop Fr. Lazar Mirković from striving to have it published, and to continue studying other manuscripts knowing that their time would one day come.
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The region of Karlovo which is a cradle of the Bulgarian spirit during the Revival is full of springs. The strong belief in their healing properties is as ancient as their origin. The research of the springs had been made in 1995 and nowadays many of the informers are not alive. The present scientific report has been published in memory of them. The author emphasizes on the intermingling of paganism and Christianity. This is evidenced by the marble votive tablet with an image of three nymphs (3rd century, AD), found in the area ‘The Holy Trinity’ near Sopot in 1942, while a local resident was hoeing the vineyard there. During the time of the Thracians that place was a sanctuary of the nymphs. They were considered deities of the springs and the healing water. Centuries after that, after the acceptance of Christianity, in the area ‘The Holy Trinity’ a chapel with a holy spring was build, and it was also called ‘The Holy Trinity’. The holy springs are springs of health and hope. They are connected with Christianity, as well as with folk medicine, because if a person wants to get better with the help of their properties, first of all they must have strong and pure faith in their heart as the pure healing water from these holy springs.
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This publication presents an unpublished document relating to the economic history of the Bulgarian lands in the 19th century. This historical source is a translation of an Imperial Ottoman Act from Ottoman into Greek language (Μετἀφρασις τοῦ Ὑψηλου Ὀθωμανικοῦ Περατίου). It is a part of the archives of Georgi Popsimeonov, also known as Georgi Chorbadji or Georgi Anangnost of Arbanassi, Veliko Tarnovo district. The publication presents information about the document, its segmented version of the Greek language, as well as its translation into Bulgarian.
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The publication is a collection of previously unpublished reports from Russian military agents in the Balkans, dedicated to the problem of Bulgarian-Turkish cooperation between the Balkan wars and the First World War. In the published array of sources, two main storylines can be distinguished. The first concerns information about the political rapprochement between Bulgaria and Turkey and the negotiations between them on the conclusion of a secret military convention directed against Greece and Serbia. The second block of questions concerns cooperation between the Internal Revolutionary Macedonian-Adrianople Organization (IMARO) and the Young Turks’ leadership in organizing sabotage and chetnik attacks on the Greek and Serbian territory of Macedonia. The cited material demonstrates, on the whole, the high efficiency of Russian intelligence, which managed to catch the vector of Bulgarian-Turkish interaction and supply the Foreign Policy Department in St. Petersburg with valuable information obtained through intelligence. The Russian authorities were informed about the main stages of the Bulgarian- Turkish negotiation process, as well as about the eventual plans of Bulgaria and Turkey regarding the revision of the Bucharest Treaty. The published documents allow us to conclude that, despite the presence of tangible contradictions between Sofia and Constantinople, the negotiations between them in 1913-1914 paved the way that led to the signing in August 1914 of the Bulgarian-Turkish Union Treaty, which hastened Turkey’s entry into the World War and securely fastened Bulgaria to the camp of the Triple Alliance powers.
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(British Diplomatic Documents on the Bulgarian National Question. Vol. 1. 1878-1893).
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The history of Bulgarian-Polish relations from the late 19th and early 20th centuries is quite naturally a subject of study by the scientific community due to some similarities in the destiny of the two nations, full of dramatic struggle for the assertion of independence and identity. From this period and especially after the mid-nineteenth century, when Bulgarians and Poles went through a period of national revival, emerged also feelings of empathy and mutual liking that are still alive today. We focus our attention on the study of a problem: on the basis of sources from the scientific archive of BAS to see how is presented the history of the Bulgarian-Polish scientific relations during the past hundred years in more or less known documentary evidence. The rich source base of the academic fund offers abundant material about the contacts between the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences and the Polish Academy of Sciences, the election of scientists from both countries for foreign members, for their personal relationships and joint contributions. The paper outlines the key benchmarks that could orient researchers on the topic for a future study of the variegated documentary heritage.
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