INTERCULTURAL MANAGEMENT AND ETHICS MANAGEMENT IN HIGHER EDUCATION
INTERCULTURAL MANAGEMENT AND ETHICS MANAGEMENT IN HIGHER EDUCATION
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INTERCULTURAL MANAGEMENT AND ETHICS MANAGEMENT IN HIGHER EDUCATION
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This article shows how different cultures might define integrity and ethical behavior differently. These definitions might work in a single culture but what to do when cultures meet in multi-cultural environments? Billions of people in all cultures, all organizations, all institutions agree the greatness of leaders having in common being respected across cultures and institutions. Indeed they have integrity, the art of creating wholeness through bridging opposites. In this article it is suggested is that integrity is creating wholeness through the integration of opposites. Something not taught at educational institutions.
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Faking is a hot item in nowadays newspapers. Especially in the context of modern media and the problem of what is called fake news. It is clear that political opponents fight each other by claiming that articles published in papers are made up, are fake. The truth, they claim is only found in publications from their side. In some quality newspapers they do fact checking to see if certain statements are “true”. There is evidence that this factchecking is however not really changing the beliefs of people reading these checks. The societal key problem is, that the belief in institutions that were trusted in the past as sources of truth are under attack. Many of the discussions on fake news are taking place in American news media. One can wonder if this struggle for finding truth is special for the American culture. And in how far truth is a cultural “construct”. This article will explore the way truth is defined in different cultural settings. It will also explore the treat for democracy if institutions that are supposed to be arbiters in heated ideological arguments are made suspicious.
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The emergence of multinationals has created many controversies in the context of globalization. Opinions about their effects on the economy are shared - on the one hand, it is believed that companies pursue their own interest, exploiting poor and developing economies and on the other hand are voices supporting their development because they create jobs and the economies can benefit of goods and services at much lower prices than those found on the local market.
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The article demonstrates the states growing responsibility in making management decision in the context of the world and national economies’ unstable development. Industrial policy is one of the key instruments for implementing managerial decisions. We identified the notions of industrial policy (in a broad sense) and structural policy. Further, we classified concepts of industrial policy according to the scale of regulation subject and the states role in economy. The appearance of a network aspect of industrial policy focused on the concept of digital state (e-state) was noted. 200 years of industrial policy’s evolution demonstrate its constantly growing obligation to be the guarantee of social welfare. Nevertheless, in Russia legal understanding of industrial policy does not include any aspects of social guarantees. Therefore, we analyzed industrial policy theoretical foundations showing the necessity for its reconstruction using a theory of new structural economics. We established premises and tools for the theory’s successful realization. Industrial Development Fund plays an important role in implementing industrial policy’s priorities as a variety of important programs including “Industry digitalization” are financed by this organization. On the level of regional economics, different regional funds are involved in the process of structural transformations.
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Due to the fact that clusters should implement the idea of an open innovation model, the paper focuses on the role of Lower Silesian clusters in promoting knowledge flow between enterprises and other network participants, which are measured by the numbers of joint inventions and patent citations. On the basis of the analysis of national and international patent applications, it has been found that few inventions of enterprises are created in cooperation with other cluster members as well as that enterprises refer to the knowledge of other cluster members in their patent descriptions to a limited extent, which in general does not support the thesis that cluster membership contributes to the intensification of knowledge-diffusion processes.
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Factors such as different cultural determinants undoubtedly affect “the shape” of the economy. Mueller, Hofstede and Gray, among others, have studied the impact of the cultural factors on an economy, especially in fields such as accounting. Reflections on the topic have also appeared in the Polish literature, although relatively late. One of the cultural factors is, beyond doubt, religion, forming some ethical attitudes through the transfer of certain values which become the guiding principles for individual actions, exerting an obvious influence on the applicable standards in a given society. The author does not claim to consider the relations between religion and ethics, as only issues concerning a possible to demonstrate influence of religious norms on accounting are raised in the article. The aim is to discuss briefly the impact of Christianity, Islam and Confucianism on accounting systems and practices based on literature studies. In conclusion, the question arises about the sense of the convergence of accounting standards, at least in the context of the current efforts undertaken in this field.
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The knowledge economy is defined, according to the World Bank, through the integration of its four main component elements: education and training,innovation systems, information infrastructure, economic incentives and institutionalregime. The first part of the paper reconciles knowledge economy and corporate socialentrepreneurship, while the second part focuses on the education and training, andinnovation pillars of the knowledge economy, and more specifically it resorts to theframework of corporate social entrepreneurship as a transformational innovationstrategy for company growth. The current investigation has been conducted by meansof case study method having the following research question: “How does corporatesocial entrepreneurship manifest in corporations?”., accompanied by secondaryresearch questions such as: “How does the company mobilize its resources to create aninnovative product/ service/ approach in order to tackle the social issue?, How does thecompany contribute to local development?”. The findings revealed that the social issueof high levels of nitrates in the waters inspired the company to combine a testing tool(technological innovation) with marketing communication which eventually resultedin an innovative approach for the company to increase the loyalty of their customersand to reach out for new ones. The present paper has been developed based on theauthor’s doctoral research.
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In the last decade, sustainability has become an imperative for strategic management of companies and their business models. Through the necessity of adapting to green energy and environmentally friendly processes, products and services, companies have started to reorganize their business model canvases according to the sustainability concept, that imposes a redesign from before the production process until the end of the lifecycle of the product or service. The objective of the present article is to contribute to the classical theoretical business model canvas of Osterwalder and Pigneur with sustainable elements, which could serve as a basis for scientific literature, but also for practical implementation in the private business field. The paper contributes through the additions to the existing elements of the business model canvas with elements necessary to ensure a ’’clean’’ production and consumption process from producer to consumer. The relevance of the paper lies in the fact that the business model elements need to be improved continuously with the increased dynamics of the economy and the need to ensure a sustainable future for the next generations, which is still an emerging topic practically and theoretically.
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The channels of this popular messaging app became the go-to place for Russian political gossip and leaks – and a threat to Vladimir Putin.
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Action Research (AR) is not only the research method or strategy but also the efficient tool supporting knowledge developmentand the introduction of changes in the organization. The aim of using AR is to induce changes in a given area or to convince theparticipants to initiate such changes, in a way that the researcher and the subject expert collaborate to diagnose the problemand find the solution to it. The cooperation of researchers, practitioners, and laymen is the primary assumption while applying the AR approach. The goal of such cooperation is to collect data derived from everyday practice systematically, to analyzethese that data and decide as for the future shape of that practice. The research presented in this paper has been carried outin a public organization, namely the District Court in Gdansk. It referred to the extrajudicial and pro-social activities of thatCourt. Such research aimed to bring the answer to the question of whether the courts as public organizations can undertakepro-social activities, and if yes – what should be the area of such actions. The research was carried out between June 2013 andMarch 2018, i.e., for almost five years.The research methods included: observations of the internal changes in the organization, interviews with the court management, conversations with different groups of stakeholders as well as a quantitative study of their opinions about the quality of thecooperation with that court. The analysis of the results confirms that firstly it is possible to apply the Action Research approachin public organizations, and secondly, that intervention resulting from the use of this research method is effective. It is worthto stress that the pro-social actions initiated by the research are continued despite the change in management of the court andsome political changes as well. One may say that those actions became a part of the organizational routine.The results achieved through that research supplement knowledge on the possibility of carrying out the pro-social actionsby the public organizations, in particular by courts. They fall within the scope of the strategic management discipline and thepublic administration sub-discipline.
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The Fair Trade which is currently getting more and more into the consumers mind is primarily based on the creation of partnerships between producers on the one side and consumers on the other side. The business concept of Fair Trade is a trading method that does not emphasise commonly compared price parameters of products. The aim of the paper discusses the topics of the commercial concept of the Fair Trade. Data was obtained using the quantitative research using questionnaire data collection techniques among respondents (n = 840) in the age group 15 to 34 years. The results showed that the attitude of the younger population between the ages of 15-34 to the business concept of Fair Trade is quite positive.
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The study emphasizes the importance of increasing tax ethics for Azerbaijan, which wants to reduce its dependence on oil revenues. Since the civil service is one of the important factors affecting tax ethics, it has been studied whether the reforms carried out in the field of the tax service cause transformational changes in tax ethics. Emphasizing the reforms in the service sector in the tax system of Azerbaijan, data were compared that reflected tax ethics in the country in different years, and it was found that tax ethics increased over time. The data studied show that the quality of services provided in the tax system has had a positive impact on the promotion of tax ethics in society.
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This paper focuses on the responsibility in the field of architecture, more specifically in the field of construction of single family houses. Responsibility is discussed in two sections - Responsibility during designing a single-family house and responsibility during execution of a single-family house. The three main participants, on whom responsibility lies, are: architect, investor and/or user and the contractor. Paper also discusses four issues: decline of investments in real estate between 2008 and 2014, disloyal competition, legislation, and inconsistent and illegal building. In the end are presented possible solutions for the mentioned issues including raising awareness of person's responsibility, different sanctions for offenders, change of current legislation, active collaboration, awareness of individual's role in the process and the necessity of legally differentiating between the investor and the final user.
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The purpose of Higher Education is not only to equip individuals with technical knowledge and skills for business life but also to provide them scientific knowledge and skills in the highest level of professional values within a universal structure of educational institutions. In the formation of professional identity and qualifications, the craft knowledge is a prerequisite but is not sufficient. The shared values, attitudes, principles ofprofessional ethics, acquired by the member of a profession, are extremely decisive in the phase of applying and presenting knowledge. As it is known, today's rapidly changing and developing economic activities with their new branches have made the Professional Ethics a highly disputed issue. Accordingly, social ethics, scientific ethics and professional ethics training at the universities have gathered increasing attention and have become an extremely important factor for social and professional outlook of the students.
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Social entrepreneurship represents entrepreneurship that creates social value. The measure of value creation is creating a well-being which also enables financial self-sustainability and social return on investment. Social entrepreneurship can be found in the fields of education, health, culture, economic development and the environment. Certainly, there are different social problems that social entrepreneurs face depending on the country in which they are registered, such as the basics of providing health care, then improving organizational culture, providing services to people with disabilities, focusing on waste recycling and nature conservation. Social entrepreneurship in its entirety is characterized by support and assistance to the community or vulnerable social groups. It is the aim of this paper to show how much social entrepreneurship can be a significant factor in reducing social exclusion and poverty, and how much society actually needs to devote much more attention to this economic concept
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The contest between ‘bricks versus clicks’, with the disruptive effect of e-commerce on traditional retail formats, is starting to be felt in Thailand. Specifically, home improvement retailers are therefore having to adapt, by creating unique online shopping experiences, which is enhanced by sophisticated electronic customer relationship management (eCRM) systems designed to capture and retain a digitally savvy Thai consumer. Seeing the critical nature if the eCRM process, the researchers undertook an analysis of the opinions of 465 consumers who shopped at one of the five top Thai home improvement retailer stores. Using LISREL 9.10 software to examine the nine hypotheses structural equation model (SEM), it was determined that all the causal factors in the model have a positive influence on customer loyalty, which can be explained by 73% of the variance in Thai home improvement retailer customer loyalty (R2 ). The causal variables influencing customer loyalty ranked from highest to lowest, were SERVQUAL, customer satisfaction, corporate social responsibility, and eCRM, with a total value of the influence at 0.57, 0.38, 0.29 and 0.29, respectively. Additionally, the study revealed that extreme caution was needed when social media platforms are used in marketing, as overwhelming consumers with poorly targeted, ‘spray and pray’ style marketing campaigns can generate disenfranchised consumers who unsubscribe from the marketer’s channel.
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The aim of this study is a comparative analysis of the obligations of bank employees in the protection of information contained in ethical codes on the background of the EU regulations on the protection of personal data and the Polish Act on the protection of personal data implementing GDPR to the Polish law system. This analysis is aimed at finding the answer to the question whether and to what extent the entry into force of the GDP has affected the obligations of bank employees and whether the code of ethics as a source of obligations for bank employees is in fact complementary to the applicable national and European legislation on personal data protection. The author analyzes the regulations included in the Code of Banking Ethics of 2013, as well as the draft of a new Code of good practice from 2018 currently being developed by the Polish Bank Association (at the social consultations stage) – this analysis is preceded by a commentary on EU regulations concerning both procedures for creating such codes, resulting directly from the provisions of the RODO. The result of the analyses made by the author is an attempt to assess whether there is a real need to create sectoral codes of good practice in this area.
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The publication presents dilemmas related to accounting in the modern global economy. In economic discourses, it is explicitly indicated that accounting as a transcription technique is only an instrument, like all techniques, for achieving different goals. The question arises, are we the accountants approving these statements, this diagnosis? Did it affect the status of accounting as a science in the Polish academic environment? Why finance, especially financial economics, which in quantitative terms, such as the theoretical innovations of H. Markowitz (and other Nobel Prize winners, eg E. Famy) that made it possible to convince investment fund managements that their portfolios are still just as safe, despite the fact that have they become more and more risky, have they not suffered as a scientific discipline? These are difficult questions that were (and are) formulated by many representatives not only of our scientific discipline – among others also many Nobel Prize winners, eg J. Stiglitz, R. Schiller pointing out the “weaknesses” of the theory of finance, especially economy. One can ask the question – on the basis of searching the scientific literature (perhaps its debatable choice) – about the value of prediction of accounting theory implying predictions of economic facts, as well as the question about new accounting pragmatism, about corporate social responsibility, about risk management in the context of rationality in the sense of Aristotle, J. Kant, M. Heller, T. Kotarbiński. The aim of the publication is to indicate for what reasons the discourse on the change in accounting pragmatism should begin, so that this opportunity, apart from purely logical, becomes a real possibility. In the preparation of the publication, the analytical method of research was used, which was supported by the induction and deduction method.
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