"HAYMAKING ON RAJAC" - Tourist event analysis according to gender and age structure

Author(s): Jovana Brankov,Željko Bjeljac,Ivan B. Popovic / Language(s): English / Issue: 1/2009

This work, using previous researches of socio-demographic influences upon tourist market, studies habits and behavior of tourists (visitors) on tourist event Haymakingon Rajac mountain, as well as the use of advertising means for the purposes of gaining new information. The poll was conducted among 352 people selected by chance whereas the data analysis was carried out according to gender and aging structure. The aim of this research is to determine if there is a significant difference in the number or motives of traveling, choice of transport means, the amount of funds intended for staying and the way of spending money, as well as in using different means of tourist propaganda.

"Roztocze - witalnosc z natury" brand as an indicator of abiotic assets in marketing slogans and tourism products

Author(s): Teresa Brzezinska-Wójcik / Language(s): English / Issue: 4/2018

The study presents the results of evaluation of the “Roztocze - Witalnosc z natury” brand as an indicator of the abiotic assets of the region reflected in marketing slogans and tourism products. The study goals were achieved using the query and stocktaking methods, screening, and analysis of opportunities for development. The results indicate that the most frequently mentioned abiotic elements include landscape (hills, valleys, and Cretaceous, Eocene, and Miocene rock outcrops) and recreational (groundwaters) assets. There is no indication of specialist assets. The abiotic assets are most widely identified in Roztocze Tomaszowskie. The marketing slogans mainly refer to recreational (streams, Roztocze wave, kayaks, sunny beaches) and landscape (quarries, rock and fossil outcrops) assets. The tourism offer proposes primarily trail-products; in turn, there are no area-products or object-products evoking memories of the brand and Roztocze as a tourist region.

"Sacro pellegrinaggio". Visits to World War I Memorials on the Soča/Isonzo Front in the Interwar Period

Author(s): Petra Kavrecic / Language(s): English / Issue: 40/2017

The paper presents a case study of visits to World War I battlefield sites (monuments, sacred zones, cemeteries) on the Soča/Isonzo front. The focus is on acknowledging the motivations related to the construction of monuments and the role and interest of the Italian authorities when influencing and encouraging these visits. The paper will also attempt to determine the importance of this practice in the case of memorial sites at the Soča/Isonzo front. Additional issues addressed in the paper include how common visits to these sites were in the interwar period, who the primary visitors were and if and how this activity resonated in the tourism sector, and how tourism reflected the Italian national narrative in the contested border region.

"Культурний туризм" як засіб діалогу культур

Author(s): Olena Orlova / Language(s): Ukrainian / Issue: 2/2009

Explication of conception "cultural tourism" is given in the article, principles of tourist activity are determined in the context of cultural politic of Ukraine. The analysis of the axiology’s measurings of tourism is given. Tourist activity is characterized in the context of dialog of cultures.

(С)поделена природа? Природно наследство и местно развитие в един регион от българо-сръбското пограничие

Author(s): Ivaylo Markov / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 1/2017

The article is focused on a border region between Bulgaria and Serbia which is geographically dominated by Ruy Mountain (whose ridge is the boundary between Bulgaria and Serbia) and the valley of Erma river forming two huge defiles along its way in this mountainous region – the Lomnishko defile (in Bulgaria) and the Poganovsko defile (in Serbia). The micro region (from natural and geographical point of view) shared until 1919 several cultural, social and economic characteristics (from an anthropological point of view), thus forming a common historical and geographical entity. The demarcation of the boundary between Bulgaria and Serbia as a result of the Treaty of Neuilly split the region between the two countries. The border regime, which was rigid and impermeable through the whole second half of the 20th century, made the zones on the both sides of the border well guarded, but industrially underdeveloped periphery. With the opening of the border in the period after 1989 and especially with the intensification of the European integration processes the character of the Bulgarian-Serbian border is undergoing changes and is gradually turning into a bridge for diverse trans-border initiatives. A great deal of these initiatives are connected with the well preserved ecology of the region, which is evaluated at present as a treasure by the local authorities and communities who believe it to be an important resource and instrument for the overcoming of the peripheral position of the region.

126 The Development of Inner Tourism: Problems and Prospects under the Modern Russian Conditions

Author(s): FROLOVA Elena Victorovna,Elena Evgen'evna Kabanova,MEDVEDEVA Natalia Vladimirovna / Language(s): English / Issue: 13/2016

The article is devoted to the current economic problem-the development of inner tourism. The peculiarities and the development of problems relating to the tourism in the Russian Federation have been determined on the basis of statistical and sociological information. In this article we provided the analysis of the Russian and international experience, determined the most fruitful mechanisms on developing touristic attractiveness of these territories which may be adapted and demanded under the current conditions. As international experience showed the development based on the scientific research significantly stipulated the increase of touristic flow. The investigations should be aimed at revealing the parameters of perception concerning specific peculiarities at the determined territory, local culture, traditions, the analysis of the requirements of would-be consumers, the determination of priorities in the realization of the touristic initiatives, the assessment of effectiveness of tourism development at the determined territory. Both: international and Russian experience show that it is necessary to revive, maintain, and develop unique peculiarities of a territory, local culture, traditions and customs that should also involve activity of inhabitants. It is significant that exactly local creative groups participate in the development of inner tourism. The analysis showed that it is exactly the consolidation of efforts put in by the local authorities, business, and inhabitants at the local level that is considered to be the most fruitful management practice in making inner tourism attractive at that or another territory. The most effective directions of management activity include the following aspects: the creation and development of unique objects of touristic attractiveness, the actualization of cultural and historic inheritance, search for innovative ideas in developing 5Vilgelm PikStreet, 4, 1, Moscow, 129226, The Russian Federation DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.14505/jemt.v7.1(13).13 Volume VII, Issue 1(13), Spring 2016 127 event tourism and their realization, modernization of practice concerning touristic products and services in the field of folklore, folk craft, and local initiatives.

2008 küresel krizinin turizm istatistikleri üzerindeki etkisinin çok değişkenli istatistiksel teknikler ve topsis metodu ile analizi

Author(s): Selay Giray,Özlem Yorulmaz,Özlem Ergüt / Language(s): Turkish / Issue: 2/2016

The purpose of this study is to evaluate tourism performance rankings of 145 countries considering three main criteria (tourism revenue, tourism expenditure and number of tourist arrivals) and the effects of 2008 global economic crisis. In this study, classification and rankings of countries and the place of Turkey in the rankings have been investigated using factor analysis, cluster analysis and TOPSIS method for the years between2006-2012. Furthermore, the analysis has been deepened for Turkey, the effects of crisis on Turkish tourism companies have been examined using their financial ratios. Findings reveal that country classifications and rankings are compatible for period before economic crisis and period after economic crisis. The results of both Factor Analysis and TOPSIS indicate that France, China, United States and Spain are belong to ranking of first 10 countries. The classification of Turkey remains the same before and after the crisis, however after the economic crisis, the ranking of Turkey has been moved up according to Factor Analysis and TOPSIS. The volatilities of financial ratios of Turkish tourism companies have been decreased after the period of economic crisis. The purpose of this study is to evaluate tourism performance rankings of 145 countries considering three main criteria (tourism revenue, tourism expenditure and number of tourist arrivals) and the effects of 2008 global economic crisis. In this study, classification and rankings of countries and the place of Turkey in the rankings have been investigated using factor analysis, cluster analysis and TOPSIS method for the years between2006-2012. Furthermore, the analysis has been deepened for Turkey, the effects of crisis on Turkish tourism companies have been examined using their financial ratios. Findings reveal that country classifications and rankings are compatible for period before economic crisis and period after economic crisis. The results of both Factor Analysis and TOPSIS indicate that France, China, United States and Spain are belong to ranking of first 10 countries. The classification of Turkey remains the same before and after the crisis, however after the economic crisis, the ranking of Turkey has been moved up according to Factor Analysis and TOPSIS. The volatilities of financial ratios of Turkish tourism companies have been decreased after the period of economic crisis.

A Brief Travelers’ Guide to Sarajevo’s Local Traditions

Author(s): Editorial team Balkanalysis / Language(s): English / Issue: 11/2006

Sometimes it seems that in Sarajevo, the capital of Bosnia & Herzegovina, everyone knows everything about everyone. The position of Sarajevo itself in some way implies that this is a city in which social control is very strong. It lies in a long narrow valley surrounded by wonderful little hills that are densely populated and mountains.

A Client with Special Needs in Tourist Services

Author(s): NOVIKOVA Nataliya Gennadievna,KORTUNOV Vadim Vadimovich,KRASNOVA Olga Nikolaevna,ZORINA Natalia Mikhailovna,KIREENKOVA Zoya Alexandrovna / Language(s): English / Issue: 12/2015

Tourism plays a significant social and cultural role in contemporary society by developing new behavior algorithms of various society categories. Tourist flow expands, as well as the number of people with limited abilities, who, while remaining handicapped due to multiple social obstacles, are in need of adaptive conditions for consuming tourist services inside the tourism, available for everyone. Including disabled people in the tourism area still remains an un nsolvedproblem. People with special needs in tourist services are considered being excluded from the social life. Questionsrelated to offering tourist services to them are being solved only partially; thereare no conditions for such activity. There is hardly any information about the opportunities for people with limited abilities in Russian; and the least available and the least studied is the field of using tourism facilities in the system of means of social protection. At the same time, tourists with special needs in tourist services are potential business clients; they can participate in economic development and provide profit. We suppose that, to certain extent, this is related to insufficient development of theoretical and conceptual problems of d ptive to rism, which p rtic l rly ffects the iss es of society’s ttit de tow rds s ch concepts s “h m n he lth” nd “dis bility”. Viewing d ptive to rism s system of social, psychological, medical, athletic, recreational and other interactions, which are included in the content of tourist activity while providing tourist services to the people with special needs, the priority is set on a certain type of psychosocial work on all levels of tourist industry. Adaptive tourism aims on studying and realization of subject-subject interactions, which accompany the promotion of tourism products tothe people with special needs. And this implies not only elimination of mechanic obst cles for the tr velers’ tr nsport tion. There is an issue of a specific type of work with people, who have special needs in tourist services. Lack of attention towards the social category, which needs special conditions in tourism, and under-development of required infrastructure lower the motivation for gaining knowledge in those, who would like to provide specific tourist services for people with limited capabilities in their professional activity. Adaptive tourism is based, on the one hand, on the general theory and Volume VI, Issue 2(12), Winter 2015. 165 methodology of social work, and on the other hand, on the technology of organizing tourism activity and the concept of adaptive physical culture (adaptive physical education, adaptive sport and adaptive locomotor recreation). Our study allows developing a scientific and theoretic basis of the conceptual model of special tourism activity and suggesting a profile for teaching psychosocial workers, who are capable of organizational and managerial activity withpeople, who have special needs in tourist services.

A COMPARATIVE STUDY REGARDING THE VOCATIONAL EDUCATION AND TRAINING IN TOURISM IN ROMANIA, BULGARIA AND TURKEY

Author(s): Alexandrina Deaconu,ELENA MADALINA MOCANU / Language(s): English / Issue: 02/2016

The development of the system of vocational education and training represents a priority assumed by Europe 2020 development strategy. Starting from the known relationship between the employee competence and the performance of a field of activity, we have analyzed the system of vocational education and training in tourism in three Black Sea riparian countries. We have highlighted similarities and differences, so that we can identify the right solutions for a significant quantitative and qualitative development. The option for tourism is based on the fact that, for all the analyzed countries, the development of this industry is a powerful incentive for the national economic growth. The study confirms the existence of a relationship of direct proportionality between the level of development of the vocational education system and the competitiveness of the tourism sector, and highlights the benefits of sustainable investment in the vocational education and training of the young people, and the costs of this process.

A Contemporary Approach For Strategic Management in Tourism Sector: PESTEL Analysis on The City Muğla, Turkey

Author(s): Ergün Kara / Language(s): English / Issue: 2/2018

The scope of the present study is to estimate the influence of the PESTEL dimensions (political, economic, social, technological, environmental and legal) on the tourism sector in Muğla, Turkey. For this purpose, a research has been carried out on the top managers of three, four and five-star hotels operating in Muğla, Turkey. The datum provided from 150 business top managers have been included to the analysis of the research. As a result of the analysis done, legal factors (consumer and labor law) were estimated by the participant managers as the most important whereas social factors (demographic structure of the population and cultural attitudes) were of the least importance for the development of tourism sector in Muğla, Turkey. Another result was that more educated participants gave greater importance to all these factors than their less educated counterparts.

A Creative Approach to Conceptualizing and Integrating Tourist Products/Brands

Author(s): Nikola Yankov / Language(s): English / Issue: 4/2014

The scope of this paper is to approach creativity in conceptualization, designing and marketing of tourist products. Special attention is paid to the relation “Tourist potential of a region – tourist attractors – tourist products/brands – tourist products/brands marketing”. Consequently, we have presented certain models of a creative process, namely the tourist product’s superstructure, structure, infrastructure and infostructure. They are regarded as objects of creative ideas, insights and visual models of tourist products. Special attention is also paid to the integration of tourist products in so called integrats. The creative marketing process of original tourist products is also structured. Attention is also paid to possible approaches for integral usage of the Danube river tourist potential. Concrete tourist products/brands which could increase the attractiveness of the region are presented. One of them is the Bulgarian Danubian coast.

A Critical Analysis of the Established Explanations about the Nature of Ecotourism

Author(s): Nazmiye Erdogan,Irfan Erdogan / Language(s): English / Issue: 4/2012

This qualitative study questions the prevailing explanations about the nature of ecotourism. The major aims of the study are (a) to point out that the widespread notions and theoretical attributions about the character of ecotourism should be reconsidered and (b) to express the need for critical questioning and design in qualitative and quantitative academic studies in social, management, administrative and tourism sciences. The article explains, first, the basic rationale for legitimizing, market building, supporting, sustaining and expanding the capitalist market, including ecotourism practices, and connects the concept of environment with economy, and inclusion of tourism and ecotourism in sustainable development. Then, it discusses the nature of dominant explanations of ecotourism. The study concludes that widespread explanations of the nature, structure, activity and outcome of ecotourism rarely match the nature of daily ecotourism practices. Instead, they generally create, employ and sustain functional myths about industrial practices, relations, causes, effects and outcomes of ecotourism. They provide strategically prescriptive and normative ethics and principles that are mostly unattainable. They consciously or inadvertently ignore the fact that the notion of ecotourism is deeply embedded in the logics of ideological normalisation of corporate activities, commodity circulation, technological end-product distribution and use, and global governance of the economic, political and cultural market conditions.

A Cultured Cafe in Old Bitola

Author(s): Editorial team Balkanalysis / Language(s): English / Issue: 11-12/2007

Bitola, Macedonia’s lively southern second city, is bursting with cafes and bars, most centered around its central pedestrian thoroughfare, the Sirok Sokak, lined with neoclassical buildings and foreign flags hearkening back to Bitola’s heyday as the “city of consuls’ in the Ottoman Empire.

A Debrecenben megrendezett edzőtáborok sajátosságai

Author(s): Gábor Kozma,Zoltán Bujdosó,Zsolt Radics / Language(s): Hungarian / Issue: 04/2014

A Dynamic Capability View on Tourism Supply Chain Resilience: Evidence from Indian Tourism Sector

Author(s): ROY Souvik,AMAR Raju G.,MANDAL Santanu / Language(s): English / Issue: 13/2016

Tourism supply chains need to be resilient so as to restore operations from increasing disruptions. Hence we argue in this empirical examination using dynamic capability view that firms in tourism supply chains will use their variable, renewable, inimitable and non-substitutable (VRIN) resources and non VRIN resources to develop tourism supply chain resilience to recover from disruptions in a swift manner. Further, we posit such tourism supply chain resilience as a dynamic capability that will impart positive supply chain performance for partnering firms. Empirical findings obtained as a result of 233 complete responses and analyzed using PLS suggests VRIN and non-VRIN resources to as significant enablers of tourism supply chain resilience and such a capability result in a positive tourism supply chain performance. Further, our study revealed perceived environmental dynamism as a dominant moderator influencing the proposed linkages among VRIN; non-VRIN resources and tourism supply chain resilience.

A Focus on Far Eastern Tourists – Tour Operator Selection Criteria

Author(s): Ayse Çelik / Language(s): English / Issue: 1/2014

Tour operators are becoming more important in the long haul destination market. Identifying tour operator selection criteria is crucial to orientate marketing strategies. The aim of the study was to determine the tour operation selection criteria of a package holiday maker visiting Turkey from the Far East according to the nationality. Data was drawn up and analyzed from tourists who came from three of these countries namely: Japan, South Korea, and China between February and April 2013 in Cappadocia. Quantitative methodology employing One-way ANOVA analysis was used. Deduction was made by analysing the tour operator selection criteria data that nationality was not a meaningful differentiation for a tourist in their assessment of the “Service Quality’” and “Opportunity to interact with other people’” items referred to in the survey questionnaire. Other items from the resulting data gave meaningful differences in crosscultural behaviour. Results from the study provide important cues for tour operator managers to consider developing different promotional strategy initiatives to engage and attract more Japanese, South Korean, and Chinese tourists to Turkey.

A GIS Approach Regarding Tourism Suitability of Wetland Areas of Romania

A GIS Approach Regarding Tourism Suitability of Wetland Areas of Romania

Author(s): Nicu Ciobotaru,Theodor Lupei,Lucian Laslo,Monica Matei,Madalina Boboc,Ana Maria Velcea,Gyorgy Deak / Language(s): English / Issue: 23/2017

Tourism suitability refers to a certain touristic potential development regarding an area; considering the natural environment resources; the existing infrastructure and the number of tourists that visit the area for a certain amount of time. Tourism suitability also indicates how tourism resources can be exploited in a given area. To determine tourism suitability of the wetlands a set of spatial and statistical data with various sources were used. In the purpose of creating a set of maps that can reflect the level of tourism suitability; there were used spatial and statistical data for every locality that has a wetland nearby; data such as: localities and wetland placement; transportation network; bird; fish and amphibian species distribution; accommodation; inhabitants; tourists. The results of the analysis offered a series of indicators for tourism activities such as wetland suitability per locality.

A GIS-BASED ANALYSIS OF TOURIST DISTRIBUTION IN MONTENEGRO

Author(s): Marija Cimbaljevic,Dunja Demirovic,Nikola Vuksanovic,Nikola Milentijevic,Anatoly A. Yamashkin / Language(s): English / Issue: 2/2019

Montenegro is facing significant changes in tourist turnover. Tourism activity has become increasingly more skewed toward the Montenegrin coastal area, which confirms the concern about regional inequality of tourism. This study analyzed the spatial and temporal distribution of foreign and domestic tourists in Montenegro, based on spatial statistical tools as a set of Geographical Information Systems. The results indicated that during the analyzed period (2007–2016), the spatial distribution of domestic and foreign tourists was different. Main geographical center of foreign tourists is Budva and of domestic tourists is Cetinje. Therewas apparent uneven dispersion of tourist demand between Coastal (on the south) and Northern region. Moreover, the results revealed tourist distribution clusters in order to identify the tourism centers with the highest number of tourists in different geographical areas of Montenegro. Understanding the spatial and temporal distribution is a very important tool for the reduction of regional economic inequality. Also, the resultsof the spatial distribution of tourists can be used for the forecasting of future tourist behavior.

A great place and not yet another declining small town: The case of Clarens, South Africa

Author(s): Malene Campbell / Language(s): English / Issue: 2/2016

Rural urban migration results in rural decline as well as in congested cities, but how can towns avoid this fate and also intercept these migrants on their way to the cities in search of perceived better opportunities? Tourism development can play a central role in the development of rural areas in South Africa, and Clarens is a success story in this regard. This research investigates what made a tourist town such as Clarens succeed whereas other towns faltered and failed. Data was collected using three different questionnaires: one for each target group to cover a broad spectrum of stakeholders in the tourism milieu of Clarens. The research indicates that allowing multinational enterprises in a small tourist town is something that should be considered carefully because it might disturb a small town’s ambience.