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Technological fatigue is spreading due to the increased arrays of technological branches and the rapid pace of development. Keeping up with the latest and newest might prove not only difficult and tiring, but also not necessarily recommended to beginners in digital humanities. A more “back to the basis” approach might be more useful for students that don’t have technical backgrounds.
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This article presents the results of my research in the field of Technical-Scientific Translations and offers some suggestions to those who teach specialized translations at an academic level. My perspective on this subject is based on my own experience in working with the future specialized translators and interpreters from the Specialization of Translation and Interpretation within the Technical University of Civil Engineering of Bucharest. The main aim of this paper is to share with my colleagues and my students the new methods of teaching specialized translations, which I have implemented at my lectures and seminars, in an attempt to turn an apparently tedious school subject into an attractive and useful activity.
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The work comprises a presentation of a decipherment of an inscription on ancient lead objects found in China’s Wei River Valley, and the Han dynastic histories that preserve their memory. To reach his decipherment the author provides a substantial assembly of lexical material – much of it heretofore unpublished and absent from dictionaries – including Indo-European, Sanskrit, Indo-Aryan, and Chinese languages. Augmenting the philological material is a meaningful observation of Brāhmī forms and Chinese graphs also missing from standard works. The author observes the implications of his decipherment for the study of the interaction between Indian and Chinese cultures in antiquity, as well as for the history of the early proselytisation of the Buddhist faith and philosophy outside of India. All of it results in a contribution that should be of serious interest to Indologists and Sinologists alike.
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This paper presents a new decipherment of the Langjun Inscription of 1134 A.D., including a significantly revised phonological reconstruction of the text, new readings of several graphemes, paleographical notes on certain Kitan and Chinese graphemes encountered in the text, and a glossary of words contained in the text including identifiable etyma. In terms of methodology, the Kitan and corresponding Chinese texts of this bilingual inscription are juxtaposed to facilitate decipherment and reconstruction. Although several important philological studies of this text exist, this article presents the first linguistic reconstruction of the inscription.
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The author presents the New General Atlas of Hungarian Dialects which is in progress. We get a short review about the necessity of a new general dialect atlas in Hungary. The main reason is the radical decrease of dialect words which was effected by the end of the traditional agricultural way of life. The other reason is that the data of the first general Hungarian Dialect Atlas was collected between 1949 and 1964. The author presents the aspects of the research and the content of the questionnaires; the character und the number of the lexical, morphological, syntactical, and sociolinguistic questions; and the sociolinguistic aspects of the informant selection. The collection was started in 2007 and will be finished in 2011.
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The following article deals with the ‘hypothetical particle’ لولا in the Arabic version of the Pentateuch in MS Paris BN copte 1 (14th century). This Arabic version was translated from a Coptic version which is set parallel to it; the instances of لولا are very indicative of the work of a translator in a period of lingual transition.
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The Energicus is an important emphatic form in Classical Arabic “that survived rarely [and] came to be rare or completely absent” in Mediaeval Judaeo-Arabic and Christian-Arabic. In this article I shall discuss some cases of the Energicus in a Christian-Arabic version of the Pentateuch from the 14th century (MS Paris BM copte 1) which is set in parallel columns with the Coptic version. The choices of the Arabic structures similar to the Coptic ones (such as the functions of the Energicus parallel to the Coptic optative and the causative imperative) show the skills of the translator in finding suitable translation solutions. As far as the Energicus is concerned, its usage (although rarely) is also a part of the general trend to cling to classical norms in this Arabic version. The findings of T. Zewi concerning the Energicus in Saadya Gaon’s translation of the Pentateuch fit well into our discussion, both in the methodology and in the conclusions.
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The I. 5. 56—58 is one of the few highly controversial cruxes in Pindar, though it may be an interpretative and not a textual one. The kernel of the ambiguity is in the expression ( ). After examining the various interpretations my paper analyses the concept underlying the rare and quaint word ( ) from Homer on, which turns out to be a strong visual metaphor in Pindar as well. My reading of the passage: nec labor ingens occaecatus est, nec tot sumptus, qui aciem spei excitaverunt is examined within the context of the poem, and the relevance of the keen visual metaphor prevalent in Pindar’s whole poetry, is elucidated.
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In Priape, his wordless, black-and-white debut graphic novel published of 2006 (in Poland published by Lokator in 2015) Nicolas Presl looks at the myth of a lesser known deity, weaving his own, surprising version of the story, one which is made up of motifs not connected with Priapus. Little is known of Priapus; he was the son of Aphrodite and Dionysus (or Adonis), we also know him from some slightly obscene poems from the collection Priapea, which highlight his physical appearance, much as ancient art does. Presl’s graphic novel, with its reverse elements of myths about Oedipus and Orestes and in which Priapus’s physical appearance is not stressed at all, is actually a universal tale of life and death, love and loneliness, and most of all of alienation and otherness.
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For physicists computing is a main activity. Starting from devising an experiment to problem solving with computer, from using mathematical tables to other aids to computation, physics has grown its strength by using each step the numerical computation. So, computing for researches as well as education was used and steadily improved by us, starting from first minicomputers to the last generation of computers and algorithms. In this presentation we will follow, in short, the evolution of computing, hard and soft, in physics at our faculty. We selected here the main field of interests that was connected with problems showing: programmed solutions, simulations and modeling, computer application and software during the time. Such a time recollection is interesting and surprises me as how diverse and far such activity was done. Examples will be from computation in tradition physics, to biology, chemistry, astronomy, medicine to data processing and visualization, data management, to create our own educational software and so on. The fields as nonlinear dynamics, complexity, chaos and fractals, as well as fluid dynamics, atomic, molecular or nuclear physics, earth or stellar physics, connected to improvement of the experiments and devices via artificial intelligence are some of our topics which will be exemplified here.
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The two Turkic etymologies of Hung. ocsúdik (1508) ‘to awake, to come to, to regain consciousness’ proposed, on the one hand, in the late 19th century by Vámbéry (1870) and, on the other, by K. Palló in 1976 and 1982, have been rightly rejected by the authors of TLH. At the same time, the explanation for the origin of this word found in the etymological dictionaries of Hungarian (TESz, EWUng, Zaicz 2006), namely, that it is a derivative of an unknown unproductive stem, is not entirely convincing for morphological reasons. The present paper offers a new etymology for this word, explaining it as a loanword from East Slavonic очюдитися ‘to regain consciousness, to awake’ attested in 16th- and 17th-century Russian. The starting point for the discussion is M. Stachowski’s (2014) article, in which he compared Hung. ocsúdik with Polish dialectal ocudzić ‘to revive’.
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The current work attempts to investigate the vital role of linguistics in saving and defending ‘reputation’ as an important social and cultural phenomenon that is widely known in Jordan as al-isim ‘the name’ or al-sum‘a ‘the reputation’. A good example that illustrates the common application of this social phenomenon in the Arabic culture is an ordinary job known as samsara, i.e., the act of marketing a property, which, to the best of my knowledge, has not been studied in the linguistic literature. The study attempts to shed lights on the different linguistic features associated with the struggle to save ‘reputation’ within the field of samsara. It argues that it is a big challenge for alsimsār, ‘the dealer’, to resist losing ‘reputation’, as maintaining it requires mastering the skill of using certain linguistic strategies and structures, which I call linguistic power, to maintain al-isim or al-sum‘a as an important social and cultural value. It is an interesting case where three different fields (business, linguistics, and sociology) interact in which business appeals to using linguistic and social tools to survive socially and professionally.
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The paper analyses St. Paul’s first letter to the Corinthians chapter 13, namely the well-known anthem of love in the different Hungarian Bible translations. The aim of the research is to compare the texts of the Döbrentei and Érdy Codices, and draw a parallel between the reading of the St. Paul›s letters in the translation of Benedek Komjáthy and the translations of János Sylvester, Gáspár Károli and György Káldi. The first part of the paper – by properly contextualising the translations of the analysed text – briefly presents the given historical age, in which the translation of the examined text was made, and presents the significant linguistic phenomena of the era. According to the author, the six text corpus compared can be interpreted as phases of standardization of the Hungarian language; the religious-denominational differences influenced the spelling of the texts on a large scale, simultaneously the historical and cultural historical events had considerable effect on the formation of text translations.
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A typical characteristic of the epic technique of Lucanus is the lack of the god apparatus. In the last century several explanations on this phenomenon were born. Many of them do not really speak about the lack of the god apparatus, but rather about the way the author uses in this transcendent aspect of the epic narrative rather the totally impersonal fatum, sometimes philosophically (fortune), sometimes Fortune as a divinity instead of the traditional gods. Modern theories explain the phenomenon with the novelty of Lucanus’ poetic perspective. The lack of the god apparatus though is only one of those symptoms which all can be interpreted via rhetoric work methods, meeting the rules of rhetoric narratio.
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Fictional Portrayals of Sir Thomas More in “A Man for All Seasons” and “Wolf Hall”
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In this short paper the possibility of a wordplay between the Egyptian words wbn ‘arise’, on the one hand, and nbw ‘gold’, on the other, is examined. Finally, a few wordplays based on multiple metatheses are investigated.
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The article studies the main functions, inherent to such a fabulous common attribute as an egg. The main mythological meaning of the egg referring to cosmogony whose echoes V. N. Toporov tried to find in Russian fairy tales undergoes a strong transformation in the works of this folk genre. Here this attribute may contain important elements such as the life force of Koschei, love and anxiety of the Tsar Maiden (the plot models are 3021, the Death of Koschei in the egg and 4002 the Tsar Maiden), it may also serve as a temporary storage for the items of the other world (plot model 301A, B Three underworlds) and extremely rarely contribute to the birth of a man (plot model 327 Tom thumb and the witch). The functions performed by the egg have fantastic content. In some cases similar actions may be associated with other items equivalent to eggs (a ring, a ball, a box, or a handkerchief). In some fairy tales there is even a large-scale transformation: the egg becomes a reality of the texts with comic content (plot models 1218 Hatching, 1218** A Lazy person is sitting on the swan eggs, 1677 Minister (General) replaces a jester, who is busy hatching Chicks, 2022B a Broken egg).
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In this essay I examine the ways in which language functions both as a means of preserving the past and as a marker of change by examining the significance of phrasemes in the novel Pacsirta (Skylark) by Hungarian author Dezső Kosztolányi. In part by examining the ways in which the English and German translators of the novel dealt with the complexities posed by the historically and culturally embedded nature of language, I explore the complex and at times contradictory functions of language in the novel. Kosztolányi’s use of phrasemes in Pacsirta, I argue, exemplifies several of his theoretical ideas about language itself and the roles of language in the mediation of the past.
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The author analyses one of the intimate diaries from concentration camps written by AbrahamKajzer, who was a prisoner of KL Auschwitz-Birkenau and AL Riese (which was a part of KL Gross-Rosen on Lower Silesia). In article is uses Paweł Rodak’s theory of broad understanding of diary’s materiality as a writing practice, which was very complicated and difficult during the World WarII, especially at concentrations camps (finding material and tool to write, organizing space andwork out a ritual of writing; also place where notes were hiding and their fates in the post-war years). Diary it’s not only on textual level but it’s closely related to regular life. But in the campwriting daries was extremely dangerous practice (author could pay with his own life for it). Abraham Kajzer was an writing in Yiddish on empty cement bags with indelible pencil in camplatrine, where he was also hiding notes. After war he passed on his material to Adam Ostoja, who translated them and edited to publication.Kajzer described his reality in concentration camps and many traumatic experiences, which are one of many evidences of the Nazi genocide.
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