Пространствени особености на етническата и образователна структура на населението в социално-икономическите териториални системи Шумен, Нови пазар, Каспичан, Велики Преслав

Author(s): Ivajlo Vladev / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 1/2015

The variety of forms of spatial organization of community and technical components determine the necessity of different regional researches. In the viewed theory there are different premises for the forming of defined demographical potential, which has not been complex researched. The population’s structures have a specific place in the separate territorial units. To spatial analysis are being submitted to ethnical and educational structures, which refer to social-economics structures based on the information of population census from 1992, 2001 and 2011. Their condition and changes reflect on the communal development of the separate territorial units. They cause defined changes on population’s growth, social-economical and cultural development, their spatial distribution. The ethnical content of the population in the territorial parts have major influence on the state of the demographical crisis and the educational and cultural state highly motivates migration decision making. This determines depopulation processes mainly in the country regions.

Психолого-педагогически анализ на мерките по изпълнение на националния план за образование на ромите в България

Author(s): Daniela Tasevska,Sofia Dermendjieva,Kamen Makaveev / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 1/2016

This paper discusses the psychological and pedagogical analysis and its critical operational implementation in the National Plan for Educational Integration of Roma.

Пътища за никъде: eвропейски политики за социално включване на ромите

Author(s): Elena Marushiakova,Veselin Popov / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 2/2017

In the last years, the “Roma topic” attracts an increasing interest and takes a fopemost place in the public sphere of united Europe; hence, the Roma policies become a significant challenge on national and European level. Before analyzing the contemporary political discourses about the integration and the social inclusion of Roma, however, it is obligatory to know very well the previously existing state policies toward the Gypsies from the time of their arrival in Europe in the Middle Ages until today. Since a great number of the Roma population continues to live in the countries of Eastern Europe, the policies of the states which formed the “socialist camp” after World War II are very important. The analysis of the existing main political discourses about the Gypsies/Roma (and mostly of their results) should be the basis for the analysis of the contemporary national and European discourses about the Roma policies. Based on this, the achievements and the failures of those policies may find explanation and some prognoses about their results (or the lack of such) could be made.

Пътят – предпочитано място за магически действия

Author(s): Rachko Popov / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 1/2017

According to Wahrig Deustsches Woerterbuch the concept of the “road” refers to a place which you have to walk in order to obtain your wish, to change some life situation in a positive or negative way; there the desired result of the act is achieved. Therefore, in our traditional culture the road is the place where people most often perform all sorts of magical actions including “white” and “black” magic. The crossroad has the same meaning; in a sense, it outlines the model of the horizontal division of the world which finds expression in four main directions – east, west, north, south. The article shows some of the most common “white” magical actions which aim at positive results – mostly various healing practices against diseases such as “gorska mayka” and “vankashna bolest” as well as customs dedicated to the mythical master-guardian of the village such as “Kokosha cherkva” and customs against drought. The article also examines some “black” magical actions aiming at doing harm: “binding” of newlyweds, stealing the milk of somebody else’s cows.

Пътят на ромската литература в Източна Европа

Author(s): Sofia Zahova / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 1/2017

The article makes a brief historical review of the development of Roma publicationsin the countries in Eastern Europe by emphasizing the processes in each country andthe interrelations between their policies regarding the Roma culture and the Roma literary production. The aim of the article is to show that the development of Roma literature is related to the political, social and cultural context in the country or region of its creation. The comparative historical approach is the most appropriate for the purpose since the tendencies in the development of the Roma literature are related to the policies of identity (in general or directed to the Roma population) in different historical periods and regions.

Пътят на север и намирането на дом

Author(s): Mila Maeva / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 1/2017

The article examines the movements from Bulgaria to Norway and is based on anethnographic fieldwork. Using the methods of the oral history, the article analyzes the road to the north and the settlement in an almost unknown and cold country. Th epersonal stories of the Bulgarians present their visions of the road, their views onNorway and the founding of home as a personal experience in the context of the complexmigratory situation there. The specifics of the Bulgarian settlement in Norway predetermine the understanding of home and road. The successful and relatively fast realization, the high standard of life, the social model and the opportunity for quicklybringing together the separated families transform the migration to the north from amovement into a fixed way of life. For the Bulgarians, the new home in Norway has different aspects – it is the heart of the family, of calmness, cosiness and security. For the emigrants, the road to the north is both a road and a way back to the “native” andthe “Bulgarian” which could be seen in the founding of a “Bulgarian home” by different emigrant institutions and organizations. The new transnational and transcultural home of the Bulgarians in Norway becomes their comfort zone.

Пътят на чудотворния кръст на св. Йоан Владимир към планината Румия и гр. Бар (Черна гора)

Author(s): Malina Stamatova / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 2/2017

The reason for this article is the millennial anniversary of the Holy Martyr John Vladimir’s death and the activities of Amphilochius, Archbishop of Cetinje, as a representative of the Serbian Orthodox Church on the territory of Montenegro. The diplomacy of the Montenegrin bishop and his personal prestige made possible the implementation of large-scale projects for restoration of the Orthodox churches on the territory of Montenegro and today’s independent Republic of Kosovo. The problem of the origin, the place of the assassination and the burial of Duklja’s prince, St. John Vladimir, is located on the territory of three countries – Macedonia, Albania and Montenegro. Today, folklore legends and the practice of pilgrimage to the relics are still preserved in the first two countries. In Montenegro, incrusted in a bigger cross, is the “Miraculous Cross” of the prince which he held in his hands while being slain. Every year a procession with the cross is held which ascends the Rumija Mountains on the feast of the Holy Trinity – to the top of a ridge where, according to the legend, once there was a church destroyed by the Turks. The aim of the article is to examine the local cult of the prince-martyr in Southern Montenegro and the new sacred topoi proceeding from the reconstruction of the memory of him: the Holy Trinity Church in the Rumija Mountains and the newly-built Church of St. John Vladimir in Bar.

РАЗДЕЛ 14. Етнодемография

Author(s): Kremena Borisova-Marinova,Eli Atanasova,Maya Konova / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 1/2014

Размышления о точке невозврата: включенное наблюдение как «антиметод» в исследовании мигрантского сообщества

Author(s): Anton Sadyrin / Language(s): Russian / Issue: 1/2020

Ethical issues in anthropology have been a key concern for a long time. However, approaches to professional and, specifically, research ethics in Russia and the West differ dramatically. There are no Code of Ethics and ethics committees or review boards in Russia. Meanwhile, in the West researchers constantly reflect on and discuss issues of research ethics; one of such issues is about relationship boundaries and friendships between researchers and their informants. In these field notes I examine how the method of participant observation shapes the relationship between the anthropologist and the people they study. Is there “soft” field research, or does participant observation by definition result in a harsh penetration into informants’ lives? My participation in the project “The Use and Creation by Migrants of the Urban Infrastructure of Siberian Regional Capitals” allowed me to take a fresh look at the role of the researcher in the process of studying labor migrants. Participant observation as a research method destroys the initial researcher-subject dichotomy. On the one hand, this is this method’s main advantage. On the other hand, this can lead to an ethical impasse for the researcher. In addition to social and economic insecurities, migrants experience hardships caused by leaving their home—not just their home country, but also familiar everyday life: people, places, things, feelings. They look for ways to find emotional substitutions in their relationship with the researcher— me in this case, calling me “friend” and “brother” and sharing with me intimate information that is beyond the scope of my research topic.

Разнообразието от социалнопсихологична перспектива

Author(s): Yolanda Zografova / Language(s): Bulgarian

This study is centered around the socialpsychological manifestations of the diversity among the phenomena of intergroup relations, social identities and collective behaviour patterns. The main objective is to conceptualize diversity from a socialpsychological perspective, while positioning this point of view in a broad field of social knowledge. Based on a study of interethnic attitudes in Bulgaria and on a metaanalysis of European social survey and Eurobarometer data, the book elaborates the problematic of preconditions for European citizens', including Bulgarians' readiness to accept Others, to support minorities in their cultural preservation and their participation in European political processes. The book presents theoretical models that comprise the effects of diverse factors upon the attitudes towards immigrants moving to Bulgaria and the European Union. Given the condition of increased ethnonational and cultural diversity, the personality parameters are being inscribed into broader range of social groups and social categories and develops diverse identities. Choosing diverse social groups and categories to which an individual might affiliate to and identify with, is a key factor for the construction of a social identity complexity. Multilayered identity clusters have been analysed through surveys, presented here in order to problematize both personal and collective level of these choices. The effects that intergroup contacts produce, as well as those of the different types of social identities, over the interethnic relations in Bulgaria, have been presented. The study aims to outline the major trends in intergroup relations in the country. The study concludes that the development of common group identities and positive contact presuppose higher levels of tolerance and mutual support on an intergroup ground, as it elaborates the complexity of collective identity in the context of the EU citizenship.

РАЦИОНАЛИЗОВАНА ДЕЦЕНТРАЛИЗАЦИЈА И ЊЕН УТИЦАЈ НА ПОЛОЖАЈ ГРАЂАНА И НАЦИОНАЛНИХ МАЊИНА У РЕПУБЛИЦИ СРБИЈИ

Author(s): Zsolt Lazar,Dušan Marinković,Svetozar Čiplić / Language(s): Serbian / Issue: 1/2016

The rational decentralization represents a group of legal, political and sociological elements that usually appear in constitutional praxis and political theory, but are not classified in a special category. Having in mind the historical and constitutional experience of the Republic of Serbia, the intention of the authors is to determine the possible elements that would bring the decentralization to the rational and functional level of action. One of the goals of the paper is to show the faults of the incomplete decentralization and to discuss the certain solutions that have been creating deficit in the state structure, dysfunctional disorders in competency and political consequences in the Republic of Serbia, all because of the unequalized and unfinished vertical organization. In the introductory part of the paper the short review of the problem is given.

Регионални приступ проучавању социокултурних разлика међу становништвом метрополитенског подручја Мумбаја

Author(s): Dejan Šabić,Mila Pavlović / Language(s): Serbian / Issue: 6/2009

The regional approach in researching the social and cultural differences, multiculturalism and the dimensions of cultural development has been analyzed through the example of the population of Mumbai Metropolitan Area. Different aspects and dimensions of relations and connections between ethnic groups and communities in this large city, transfer of cultures in the traditional Indian society and influence of globalization have been indicated. The influence of globalization on the social and cultural changes in society from the aspect of regional geography has been discussed in a separate part of the paper.

Религија и насеље као чувари народносног

Author(s): Mirko Barjaktarović / Language(s): Serbian / Issue: 1/2004

A separate ethnic group living in an isolated settlement could preserve ethnic identity even when surrounded by an alien ethnic environment. This is even more likely to happen if the ethnic group in question has a different religious affiliation than the rest, since the religious affiliation and ethnicity were often equated in the area examined. This paper presents a few cases of ethnicity preservation (sometimes its loss), namely: (1.) The Sarakačans group (a Greek speaking ancient Balkan population); that is, its lineage Ašana in Goč (nearby Kraljevo); (2.) Serbs in White Krajina (Slovenia) and Zumberka (Croatia); (3.) Serbs from former Montenegro settled in the village of Peroj, in Istria; (4.) Catholic Albanians, tribe Klimenti, settled in Srem’ villages Nikinci, Hrtkovci and Jarak, who declare themselves to be Croatians today; (5.) A Serbian population from Montenegro and parts of Herzegovina (various tribes from Ceklina, Bjelopavlić, Riječka nahija, Njeguš, Grahovo and Zubac), from Petlovo Selo, in northeast Serbia; (6.) Torbeša families, from the group Mijaka, an originally Slav-Islamic population in the Cmi Drim area, that immigrated in the 1960’s to Izmir, in Turkey; (7.). Janjevci, Catholics of a mixed Slavic origin, from Janjevo, near Pristina; in the past they declared themselves natives of Dubrovnik, but lately declared themselves Croatians; (8.). Slovak Adventists from Gospodjinci, in Srem, who declare themselves to be Serbs; and (9.). Slovaks, Greco-Catholic, from Kučura, Bačka, who declare themselves as Ruthenians although their native language is Slovakian. In conclusion, the author argues that ethnic identity preservation depends on a lot of factors and circumstances, among which the most important are settlement and religious affiliation. Many of the positive experiences of multilingual, multinational and multireligious tolerances in the area could serve as a model in other potentially troubled multicultural environments.

Религиозна и етнична идентичност на българите мюсюлмани (по примери от село Загражден)

Author(s): Milena Franova / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 1/2002

The article comments the results of an investigation carried out in the village of Zagrazhden, which is situated high up in the middle parts of the Rhodope Mountain. The basic method of field work used is non-structured interview. Local people identify themselves religiously and ethnically as Bulgarian Muslims. However they do not consider themselves different from the majority population in the country. The process of ethnic and religious determination of the Bulgarian Muslims for over a century has been shaped by extremely dramatic events which had a strong impact on the construction of their collective identity. As a result, middle-aged and young people in the village do not conceive themselves as followers of Islam. There is a difference between the individual religious self-determination and the group religious identification. This statement is supported by the way basic components of ethnic and religious identity are interpreted, such as language, names, religion, rituals and festivities, clothing and so on.

Религиозный авторитет и этика повседневности в мусульманской миграционной среде

Author(s): Dmitri Oparin / Language(s): Russian / Issue: 1/2020

The article concerns religious authority among Muslim migrants in Russia. The fieldwork was carried out in 2018 in Tomsk, a city in southwestern Siberia. The focus of this study is the religious and wider social practices of those Muslim migrants who are considered leaders of local microcommunities, enjoy respect within their religious community, and have steadfast religious authority within their circles. These practices are considered in their local religious and migrant contexts through the prism of such concepts as religious individualism, everyday lived Islam, and tactical religion. In this article I am interested in the dynamics of religious identity among Muslim migrants in Siberia who are considered to be local leaders, as well as their religious introspection. I show how Muslim norms and regulations are recognized in the framework of everyday communication and socialization on a horizontal level. I emphasize in my research the importance of the everyday in the formation of individual religiosity and consider how a local Muslim environment is being built around individual key figures outside the mosques. The article answers the following questions: what role certain Muslims, known only in a narrow circle, play in constructing the religiosity of their countrymen; how various forms of authority (financial, migrational, professional) correlate with and are supported by religious authority; and how individual Muslims are changing the religious space of Russian cities. Based on my previous fieldwork, I argue that the main ideas of the article and the observations reflected in it are also relevant for my other field sites, including another southwestern Siberian city of Irkutsk, the northern regions of Western Siberia (Yamal-Nenets and Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrugs), and even Moscow.

РЕНДАЛ КОЛИНС И МАКРОИСТОРИЈА ДРУШТВЕНИХ ПРОМЕНА КАО ПОВРАТАК КЛАСИЧНОМ ТЕОРИЈСКОМ НАСЛЕЂУ У СОЦИОЛОГИЈИ

Author(s): Aleksej Kišjuhas,Marko Škorić / Language(s): Serbian / Issue: 2/2016

This paper analyzes the macrohistory of social change in the work of Randall Collins, with a special focus on the phenomena of revolution and the sociogenesis of ethnicity, or nationalism, americanization and balkanization. This aspect of his work is of particular importance because Collins is primarily known as a theorist of radical microsociology and social interaction. However, it is argued that his work on macrohistory and his usage of comparative historical analysis generates a specific macrosociological theory of social change, or a macrosociology of revolutions and the macrosociology of ethnicity. In this sense, this paper also deals with the (inter)relationship between history and sociology, together with the issues such as the future of ethnicity and nationalism, as well as the origins of ethnically motivated violence after the collapse of socialist states (like Yugoslavia).

Ретроспективни идеи във философското познание за критическото мислене

Author(s): Antoniya Krasteva / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 1/2011

The purpose of the present article is to follow the historical development of philosophic thought, which ideas are orientated towards defining of the notion “critical thinking”. Emphasis is put on different representatives, notions, schools, streams (from antiquity to present), which in their own individual way contribute to systematization of the methodology of critical thinking.

Рефлексивна картина за социално включване на уязвими етнически общнос­ти и групи у нас

(Върху примера на образователните институции в община Стралджа)

Author(s): Irina Koleva / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 6/2017

The study examines the contributing moments in the scientific work of Assoc. Prof. Vesselin Tepavicharov, DSc., concerning the approaches developed and approached by him for education in a multiethnic environment. Data from a survey conducted in educational institutions in the municipality of Straldja are analyzed.

РЕЦЕНЗИЯ НА КНИГУ: БУСТАНОВ А. К. КНИЖНАЯ КУЛЬТУРА СИБИРСКИХ МУСУЛЬМАН

Author(s): Sebast'yan Tsviklinski / Language(s): Russian / Issue: 3 (2)/2013

Review of: Bustanov A.K. The Book Culture of Siberian MuslimsКнижная культура сибирских мусульман. – М.: ИД Марджани,2013. – 264 с.

Роль женщин высшего сословия в социально-политических процессах Дагестана (XVIII - начало XX В.)

Author(s): O.S. Mutiewa / Language(s): Russian / Issue: 1/2015

This paper highlights the issues related to the role of upper-class women in social and political life of the peoples of Dagestan. The research shows that the noble woman «goryanka» not only was not infringed in social status, but in fact was able play a very significant role in the political process. The research result are based on the literary, archival and ethnographic materials.