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Not so long ago the titular question would have been an open provocation in the eyes of almost all physicists and I believe that today too many would treat it identically. For them the obvious answer would be: “no”: whatever exists in reality, in a material way, is – or will be in the future – described to the very end by physics. Everything that does not belong to this category either exists in a deformed and fleeting fashion, or is not a being but only a relation between beings. At this point it is worth mentioning an immanent limitation: physics does not deal with beings that are internally contradictory (take the example of the motion of small bodies in the general theory of relativity). Ostensibly, I can express an opinion about their existence, but actually I cannot think in this way if I know about their inner contradiction, which Ludwig Wittgenstein stressed in his treatise on logic. A significant remark concerns the language in which we speak about beings. It could appear that this is not a problem in physics, since the language of physics is mathematics, the identical for all. Nonetheless, things are not that simple. For instance, the same equations, for instance Albert Einstein’s equations in the general theory of relativity, are experienced completely differently by someone who sees them for the very first time or after a year’s work with them, and still differently by someone who has dealt with them for over 30 years, as in my case. The meaning of the message also depends on the recipient – it is possible to be unable to say it but it is just as possible to be unable to receive it. My text will deal with two questions: beings, which physics deals with but whose ontological status is unclear (in other words, I am capable of speaking about it but am not quite sure whether it exists), and beings that exist but about which I am unable to speak within the range of physics.
More...Fredrik Backman: „Pozdrawiam i przepraszam”. Przekł. Magdalena Greczichen. Katowice: Sonia Draga, 2017: 456 s.
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The Book of Language Learning by the Child is a good means of first touching with the selected onethe issue of language acquisition and orientation in the child. He points out the complexity of the issue and the diversity of approaches to its exploration. And although it explicitly focuses on the Czech language situation and the acquisition of Czech as a first language, it isit is pleasing that the references to other languages and literary references in all chapters make a significant use of the results of the study of the acquisition of Slovak as the first language, many of which have originated in Prešov's region.
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Two most-loved and talented female authors were presented at the literary club “Pismena” of the National Library. The writer Lyudmila Filipova presented her novel “The Meaning” only a few days before embarking on another expedition to the Antarctic. The second meeting was with Madlen Algafari and her latest book “The Path of the Heart”.
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International legal practice once again proves a leading role in regulating international relations, it is a political and moral component. In analyzing the basic principles of international law from the point of view of the mechanism for their implementation, one should proceed from the degree of absolute social and moral value to both the state separately, and for the entire international community as a whole. The subjects of the international community must realize their rights and responsibilities only within the limits that do not affect international peace and security, the basic principles of humanity and cooperation of states in vital areas of global coexistence. Modern positivists believe that the state assumes international legal obligations on its own accord (will), but then these obligations remain valid regardless of the consent of the state, due to the principle of good faith. The above-mentioned thoughts indicate rather that states are inclined to comply with international obligations that are in line with their public interests, while the general principles of international law are, first and foremost, a universally accepted interest of the global community. One of the elements of the moral and ethical mechanism for the implementation of the general principles of international law is international politeness. International courtesy (comitas gentium) - a set of rules of benevolence, correctness, restraint and mutual respect of participants in international communication, which are not legally binding. Only a holistic, coherent mechanism of legal, political and moral-ethical implementation of the implementation of the general principles of international law at the national, supranational and international levels can guarantee the realization of the goals and objectives of all humanity in the form of general principles of international law.
More...Stalin and history on trial in Kyiv
There is no question that transitional justice plays a significant role for a society in overcoming a past trauma. This was the case for Ukrainians seeking justice for the Holodomor events. It may also be the case as Ukraine seeks to end the conflict in Donbas.
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The results of the March presidential election in Russia have come as no surprise. Yet, the election victory of Vladimir Putin was not his only success. The high voter turnout, together with a low level of voting irregularities in comparison with previous elections, indicate that Putin’s system has not lost the people’s hearts and minds.
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