Niemieckie przewodnictwo w Unii Europejskiej w procesie zarządzania kryzysem migracyjnym

Author(s): Joanna Dobrowolska-Polak / Language(s): English,Polish Issue: 03/2016

The article discusses the role of Germany in managing the EU migration crisis of 2015-2016. Its scale, legal basis and political framework governing refugee movement in Europe are discussed. Analyses concern the measures adopted by the EU and European countries in the face of the rising tide of migration. Special attention is paid to the agreement concluded between the European Union and Turkey (18.03.2016), whose fundamental assumption is the recognition of Turkey as the so-called “safe third country” for refugees. This recognition, in the light of international humanitarian standards, appears to be faulty. Despite this, however, the EU-Turkey agreement has been implemented and constitutes the basis for EU remedial action.

Posao dopisnika iz Brisela: izazovi, problemi i prepreke

Author(s): Aleksandra R. Krstić / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 37/2016

John Lloyd & Cristina Marconi, Reporting the EU: News, Media and the European Institutions; London & New York: I.B. Tauris & Co. Ltd, in association with Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism, University of Oxford, 2014.

The Regulatory Framework of the European Union and the Banking Sector of the Repbulic of Serbia

Author(s): Edisa Brničanin,Miloš Pavlović,Nemanja Gligorijević / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2016

The process of transformation is inevitable in all areas of economic and social life, as well as in banking. Accordingly, the transformation process has not bypassed our country. The dynamics and pace of transformation depends on the level of development of the country and developments in the world economy and politics. In the last decade, the events in the global financial market, aimed at profit maximization at any price (without analysis and appreciation of the risks involved), led to the global economic crisis in late 2007. This is slowing down the process of transformation of the banking sector in Serbia, since it depends on the credit and development capacities of the clients and the overall socio-political situation in the country. Domestic banks are organized in a modern way, in compliance with the recommendations of the EU and the rules of the Basel agreement; they have electronic equipment and most professional staff. The strengthening of competition in the domestic market will deepen the differences between banks and provide space for consolidating the domestic banks through the process of mergers, acquisitions and privatization. Moreover, the aspects of faster capital strengthening, which carry other advantages of the organizational, technical and technological nature, may faciliate cost-effective operations and more efficient use of resources.

Europejskie dylematy Wielkiej Brytanii - od planu Schumana do Brexitu

Author(s): Marek Mikołajczyk / Language(s): English,Polish Issue: 04/2016

On 23 June 2016 the British in a referendum decided to leave the EU. The decision triggered an enormous wave of commentaries, a majority of which focused on the recently emergent problems of Great Britain and the EU. The author of the article argues that although those issues significantly influenced the referendum result the causes of the decision are more profound. First and foremost it should be emphasized that the British from the very beginning of the process of European integration treated it with reserve and for a long time had no intention of joining it and even tried to restrain it. When in 1973 Great Britain became a member of the European Communities it did not engage in the mainstream of the process of European integration and unlike France and the FR did not become its driving force. The British leaders either failed or did not want to convince British people of the benefits of membership in the European Communities. Successive British governments treated European affairs instrumentally, having the current political game in view. Moreover, European integration was an issue that affected deep internal divisions among the Tories and the Labourites. In consequence, the British society became increasingly convinced that European cooperation jeopardized rather than served their national interests. The policy of PM Cameron, who awkwardly tried to reconcile the interests of the opponents and supporters of EU membership eventually led to the victory of the former.

Bezpieczeństwo na drogach UE - porównania międzynarodowe

Author(s): Elżbieta Roszko-Wójtowicz / Language(s): English,Polish Issue: 04/2016

Road accidents are a serious problem in the contemporary world and also a major issue in many countries of the European Union. Statistical data are terrifying. According to the World Health Organization each year nearly 1.25 million people die in road accidents. The object of the article is to assess road safety in the EU in the years 2005-2014 against the backdrop of the current economic and demographic situation in particular member states. The article uses data published by the European Statistical Office – Eurostat (www.ec.europa.eu/eurostat) and OECD. The conducted analysis shows an increase in road safety in the EU. However, the defined goal of reducing the number of fatal accidents by half by 2020 is at risk. The decrease rate of road traffic fatalities has dropped in comparison with previous years.

ZMIANY STRUKTURY WSPÓŁCZYNNIKA MOBILNOŚCI LOTNICZEJ SPOŁECZEŃSTWA PO AKCESJI POLSKI DO UNII EUROPEJSKIEJ

Author(s): Łukasz Olipra / Language(s): Polish Issue: 46/2/2016

The air transport market in Poland noted a very dynamic development after Polish accession to the European Union, mainly in the area of growing number of passengers. The increase in passengers number caused simultaneously increase of the value of the air mobility factor of the society. Changes in the structure of the air transport mobility factor in Poland in the period 2005-2015 are analyzed in this article. Based on the analysis the author attempts to answer the question: what (which of the distinguished groups of air carriers) is responsible for a dynamic development of the air transport market in Poland. The research hypothesis, that the most significant impact on changes of the air mobility factor of the society (increase) has had the development of low-cost carriers on the Polish market is also verified. Results of the analysis do not allow for a unequivocal positive verification of the research hypothesis, although the influence of low-cost airlines on the increase in the number of air transport passengers in Poland in the studied period is significant and undoubted. Research methods used in the study include basic statistical measures and inductive reasoning. Analyzed data has been taken from official statistic of the Polish Main Statistical Office and Civil Aviation Authorities.

European Union Policy towards the Pacific Island States

Author(s): Joanna Siekiera / Language(s): English Issue: 5/2015

The article concerns the idea as well as the form of international cooperation between states and international organizations, illustrated by the example of the relationship be-tween the European Union and the Pacific region. There is some useful literature on the subject but this needs be to completed. The influences of the world’s leaders collide on the Pacific Ocean, which gives this area primacy in geopolitical domination, slowly downgrading the Atlantic Community. The main purpose of the paper is, therefore, to research the possibilities and methods of legal and extrajudicial cooperation between two continents which are very distant from each other. This work underlines the difference between official policy, presented by the regional intergovernmental organizations, and the individual policies of member states, who are not tied down by Brussels politics and may maintain their own foreign relations.

Les conséquences du renversement de la charge de la preuve dans le contexte des arrêts de la Cour de justice de l’Union européenne - Asociaţia Accept (C-81/12) et Galina Meister (C-415/10)

Author(s): Aneta Tyc / Language(s): French Issue: 5/2015

The author of the article refers to two judgments of the Court of Justice of the European Union, which relate to the principle of the reversal of the burden of proof in anti-discrimination cases. She focuses on the facts, from which it may be presumed that there has been discrimination. It cannot be ruled out that a defendant’s refusal to grant any access to information may be one of the factors to take into account in the context of establishing facts from which it may be presumed that there has been direct or indirect discrimination (C-415/10). Public statements ruling out the recruitment of a footballer presented as being homosexual are considered to be “the facts from which it may be presumed that there has been discrimination, even though they come from a person presenting himself and being perceived in the media and among the general public as playing a leading role in that club without, however, necessarily having legal capacity to bind it or to represent it in recruitment matters (C-81/12).

CEFTA i pristupanje Srbije EU

Author(s): Milica Simić,Anđelka Aničić / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 8/2016

CEFTA implies economic relation among Member States that is based on Free Trade Agreement. In that sense, this form of regional cooperation is significant as a kind of preparations for the EU accession. This paper focuses particularly on the importance of Serbia's membership in CEFTA, which is the best illustrated by the fact that Serbia has a surplus in trade exchange with the Member States of this aforementioned economic intergration.

Korupcija u Srbiji: stanje, zablude, komparativni uvid i perspektive

Author(s): Goran Nikolić / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 3-4/2013

Serbia has a high level of corruption if we look within European framework. In accordance with the parameters of the level of corruption (Corruption Perceptions Index, Doing Business rank, SEF list of competitiveness, Freedom House Corruption Index), Serbia lags behind countries that are in the EU or are close to entering into this integration. However, indicators of the level of corruption in Serbia indicate that after the year 2000 there is a trend of very slow decline of corrupting activities. However, evaluation of progress would be complete if there were better domestic indicators of efficiency in the fight against corruption. It is expected that the continuation of reforms (especially systemic reforms in the domain of corruption), related to European integration, will enable this trend to intensify.

Polityka regionalna Unii Europejskiej w latach 2004–2013. Przebieg negocjacji nad jej kształtem po 2013 roku

Author(s): Karolina J. Helnarska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2013

The main aim of the proposals for the Cohesion Policy 2014–2020, is to simpli-fy the individual elements of policies. The legislative changes at EU level must be accompanied by initiatives at national level and regional simplification of pro-cedures for beneficiaries. It is therefore proposed that each of the Member States should be set clear objectives in this area.

Proces integracji Ukrainy z Unią Europejską

Author(s): Wojciech Stankiewicz / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2013

Savremeni izazovi politike proširenja Evropske unije na Zapadni Balkan

Author(s): Tanja Miščević / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 02/2016

EU Enlargement Policy, one of the newest EU policies created during the last decade of the 20th century, is facing a very difficult period of its development, similar to the challenges facing the EU today. This Policy has been under constant evolution on the basis of experiences with the new Member States, and it has been closely connected with the wider context of European Integration of the Member States. In this article we present an overview of the major challenges for the Union as well as for candidate countries and to point out that there is no good reason why, even in the crisis situation, enlargement should not be continued. It is, we argue, part of the solution to the problems of EU,and not yet another problem.

The socialization potential of the Eastern Partnership Civil Society Forum

Author(s): Hrant Kostanyan,Bruno Vandecasteele / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2013

This article assesses socialization in the Eastern Partnership Civil Society Forum, an institutionalized civil society cooperation consisting of non-governmental organizations from the European Union and the Eastern Partnership countries: Belarus, Ukraine, Moldova, Georgia, Armenia, and Azerbaijan. The article argues that uniting the literature on socialization and on Eastern Partnership Civil Society Forum adds considerably to scholarly knowledge about the role of the institutionalized civil society in the world. The analysis of the activities of the Civil Society Forum shows that the conditions for socialization are largely fulfilled. We conclude that the organisation and functioning of the Eastern Partnership Civil Society Forum not only provides a passive framework for transmitting European values and norms, but also results in a middle degree of socialization between civil society organizations of the European Union and the Eastern Partnership countries. There is a large degree of internalization of European Union-sponsored norms and values among the participants of the Civil Society Forum: they fervently promote and defend such norms and values. The little-politicized environment in which discussions take place also allows civil society organisations to make ambitious statements, often more straightforward than political representatives (can) make.

BOOK REVIEW Elena A. Korosteleva, The European Union and its Eastern Neighbours: towards a more ambitious partnership?

Author(s): Teodor Lucian Moga / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2013

ISBN 9781138815797 The increasing importance of the European Union (EU) as a strong centre of gravity in Eastern Europe has sparked the development of a broad range of regional cooperative instruments. Such is the case of the European Neighbourhood Policy (2004) and the Eastern Partnership (2009) which sought to concretise the EU’s quest for deeper partnership with the newly emerged post-Soviet states. This relationship between the newly independent states and the EU has challenged the academics since the end of the Cold-War.

Consumer protection - oriented market surveillance

Author(s): Slavomir Miletić,Ivan Stijović,Irena Brajević / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2016

The strategic goal of the Republic of Serbia is full membership of the European Union (the EU). In addition to other reforms, this goal requires the development of competitive market economy, which would be conductive to the free flow of goods in the EU market, as regulated by the EU law.The basic subject of this paper is the research into the strengthening potential of market surveillance in Serbia, which would entail various products offered in the market, with the aim of achieving the optimal safety in their usage. In this paper, I have analyzed market surveillance in Serbia with respect to consumer protection,as a specific prerequisite to ensuring full membership of the EU. This can be done by adopting and implementing the existing standards and recommendations of the European Commission, within the limits of acceptable financial cost. The focus is on observing key elements of market surveillance with respect to technical products presupposing CE marking. The appropriate marketing surveillance system would enable satisfactory consumer protection aligned with the individual requirements in support of each market participant. The stress in on the improvement of domestic consumer protection and aligning the consumer protection system in Serbia to the standards of the European Union, whereby both the companies and the consumers would be treated equally.

Evropa danas

Author(s): Stanko Lasić / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 40-41/2011

Godinu dana rata u Hrvatskoj naši su građani dobrim dijelom proživjeli tražeći odgovor na pitanje “što je to Evropa”. I naše se razmišljanje često kretalo unutar tog pitanja. Ako rezultati do kojih smo dolazili ne znače mnogo, oni barem imaju tu vrijednost što su glas osobnosti. Nemamo, dakle, nikakvih drugih pretenzija osim želje da se čuje glas jedne individualnosti koja je sebe uvjeravala da može ostati oštroumna.

Nacionalna država u Evropi: predodređena ili konstruisana zajednica?

Author(s): Mahir Muharemović / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 2/2016

The subject of this paper is to present the development of a modern European state, its transformation into a national state through the concept of national sovereignty. The concept of the nation and the nation-state is not just a phenomenon of the Balkan area, it is, actually, an «invention» that has spread throughout Europe, whose roots lie in Western Europe. Thanks to the idea of the nation, Europe did not fell apart again in civil and religious wars after the Reformation. The concept of nation today, in modern Europe, is not losing its relevance, because it still represents a powerful instrument of social cohesion. Only a national homogenized state could meet the challenges of industrialization in the 18th century and 19th century. The concept of national sovereignty is inevitably linked with the creation of the nation state, an idea that has legitimized the nation as the holder of sovereignty.

Inicjatywa „Europa Karpat”

Author(s): Waldemar Paruch / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2017

Report on the Conference: „Europe of the Carpathians”, Przemyśl, 26 February 2016

Author(s): Tomasz Wicha / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2017