Философията на модернизма в архитектурата на БАУХАУС

Author(s): Iskra Dandolova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2022

After 1989, the construction of industrially built residential blocks in residential complexes in Sofia was stopped. Until then, for two or three decades, they were the most important production for the construction of residential buildings in the capital according to the principles of modernism. Thousands of homeless people eagerly awaited them to be sheltered. Confusion ensued after the political changes in 1989, when attempts were made to implement the laws on the restitution of agricultural land within the complexes, despite the fact that these were “projects with implementation” and according to the Restitution Law no changes could be made there. The complexes, as well as the other constructions in progress, only had to be completed according to their designs. But it did not happen. In many places, “illegal restitution” of private agricultural land has begun, as well as spontaneous “privatization” of municipal and state lands and new construction in violation of the projects for the development of residential complexes. Their physical and social environment has changed radically and as a result the quality of life in them has deteriorated sharply. Thirty years after 1989, the residential complexes of Sofia have dramatically moved away from the principles of modernism and are almost everywhere in spatial and social degradation. An intensive process of anti-modernism is under way. Only recently the Sofia Municipality decided to introduce a policy to improve the living conditions of citizens in these territories – will it be able to realize and develop it and is it not too late?

ФИНАНСИРАНЕТО НА ТЕРОРИЗМА

Author(s): Anton Stankov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2020

The article provides statistics related to some terrorist attacks that have been committed during the past few years and which have necessitated the unification of all countries in the efforts to prevent and detect actions by natural persons, legal persons, groups and organizations that are directed at financing terrorism. A brief overview of the main known sources of terrorist financing is provided - through voluntary donations, deductions from traders, production of raw opium, arms trade and smuggling.

Финансова децентрализация: състояние и перспективи

Author(s): Yavor Alexiev / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1-2/2017

The deteriorating state of municipal budgets creates a number of obstacles to their use as a tool for policy-making. The discontinued fiscal decentralization process and some of the recent attempts to address the problem of increasing indebtedness among local authorities created prerequisites for an increase in the local tax burden, while prospects for improving the fiscal situation of municipalities are still lacking. The structure of municipal expenditures shows an increasing importance of the absorption of EU funds and a continuing dependence on the decisions of the central government. The relocation of personal income tax proceeds back to municipalities seems the only viable alternative within the existing tax system.

Финансова подкрепа за Албания и България по линия на програмата Phare: сравнителен анализ

Author(s): Indrit Cenai / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

After the so-called ‘dictatorship’ period in Albania the country becomes recipient of financial assistance from the EU in the 90’s. This assistance is allocated through the PHARE program as well as other international donor programs (supporting food security, humanitarian aid during emergencies, development of voting standards as well as education, including loans by the European Investment Bank). This article analyses the financial aid provided by the EU to Albania and Bulgaria prior to their EU accession as well as some difficulties experienced by Bulgaria during its pre-accession funds utilization made available through PHARE program. This research is conducted with the following important limitation: the analysis covers only the duration of the pre-accession instruments and funds and the issues experienced prior to the formal accession of Bulgaria to the EU.

Финансовите инструменти – алтернатива за разпределение на бюджета на Европейския съюз през програмен период 2021-2027

Author(s): Roxana Trifonova / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

This report aims to examine the financial instruments’ role in the EU’s budget allocation and to what extent they would become an alternative to grants. For this reason, the study is divided into three parts. The first one gives a brief overview of the main features of the Regional policy and the provision of grants. The second part presents the financial instruments and their mechanism of functioning. The third part analyzes the financial instruments’ advantages over grant funding.

Финансовите корекции по обществени поръчки като корективен механизъм за защита на публичните бюджетни разходи

Author(s): Stanislava Tsvetkova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 5/2021

The article aims to analyze financial corrections in public procurement as one of the main corrective mechanisms for protection of public budget expenditures. To achieve this goal, three tasks have been performed: 1) Preventive and corrective mechanisms for protection of public expenditures are presented; 2) The organization of the control mechanisms regarding the public procurements and the imposition of financial corrections in Bulgaria is revealed and 3) the contribution of two international organizations to the topic is outlined - the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development and the World Bank. The research methods used are historical-logical analysis and content analysis. The result of the research is a critical analysis and summary, which complement the Bulgarian analytical literature in the field.

ФИСКАЛНАТА ПОЛИТИКА В БЪЛГАРИЯ В ПЕРИОД НА КРИЗА

Author(s): Dimitar Chobanov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3/2020

Fiscal policy is a key element of the economic policy. It should be targeted at economic stabilization and smoothening of the business cycle. Its significance is even bigger in countries with currency board arrangement, which limits monetary policy responses to external and internal shocks. In this paper the specific measures towards mitigation of the current crisis by the Bulgaria’s government will be examined as well as their impact on country’s economy.

Фискални съвети и бюджетна стабилност в ЕС

Author(s): Filip Petkov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 5/2020

The objective of this research is to analyse the present stage of the EU fiscal coordination considering the effects of the independent fiscal councils in the EU member states. The research methods are content analysis, comparisons, generalizations, historical and logical approaches, statistical analysis of empirical data and its presentation in graphical format and tables. The thesis of the research is that the national fiscal boards contribute for more efficient surveillance on the numerical fiscal rules not only within the Eurozone but in the EU as a whole. They support this process through independent expertise while monitoring the macroeconomic forecasts and growth expectations, analyse the structure of the national budgets, the levels of sovereign debt as well as issuing statements and recommendations on the latter. The results of this research prove that fiscal councils support the improvement of the national budgetary policies in combination with traditional fiscal control instruments such as the Stability and Growth Pact. It is noted that they work completely independently in some countries while in others part of their administrative needs are met by a certain governmental body. The ‘double monitoring’ is positively influencing another group of countries with revamping fiscal parameters – where we have more than one independent fiscal board acting. The main conclusion on the results of the fiscal councils’ proceedings is viewed in the context of the non-binding character of their recommendations to the national governments and their contribution to the budgetary efficiency and stability in the EU. In this regard it would be necessary to endow them with instruments for inter-institutional control over the budgetary policy of the national governments without inducing higher level of federalism in the EU.

ФІЛОСОФСЬКО-ПОЛІТИЧНІ ПОЕМИ ІВАНА ФРАНКА ЯК ОБ’ЄКТ СТУДІЙ МАГДАЛИНИ ЛАСЛО-КУЦЮК

Author(s): Iryna Kaizer / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 1/2018

In her scientific work, Magdalyna Laslo-Kutsyuk tried to resist the extremes of classical literary criticism in the choosing of criteria our scientific analysis of a work of art. That is why she actively used the modern scientific methods and approaches, such as: socionics, intertextual analysis. Critic’s reception of Ivan Franko's poems through the prism of contemporary literary trends has not been previously the subject of special studies. This is the relevance of the article. The aim is by examining the ideological content and problems of the lyric-epic heritage of the classics, to trace and specify the intertextual models in artistic samples, and also, to some extent, to delve into the psycho-personalities of the artist - to prove the affirmation of humanistic values and the authoritative pathos of Ivan Franko through the comprehension of his lyric-epic heritage. Conclusions. In general, the literary heritage of Ivan Franko, according to Ivan Denysyuk, was an "injection of Europeanism" in Ukrainian literature, having instilled modern forms and means of artistic expression, modern aesthetic and philosophical ideas, "eternal" themes and problems of metahistorical and of universal significance on a national basis. In his own work, the writer experienced almost all known literary genres at that time. Undoubtedly, the author of the philosophical poems "Moses" and "Death of Cain" is the most prominent Ukrainian writer of the post-Shevchenko period, the brightest "cultural hero" of the second half of the nineteenth century, who with his high achievements reaches the artistic horizons of the twentieth century. The results of his artistic work became the Europeanization, intellectualization and anesthetization of the national artistic consciousness.

ФЛЕШМОБ ЯК СПЕКТАКУЛЯРНИЙ ВИДОВИЩНО-ІГРОВИЙ РІЗНОВИД ПОЛІТИЧНОГО АКЦІОНІЗМУ

Author(s): Svitala Naumkina,Oleksandra Hruieva / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 2/2018

The aim of the article is to deepen the theoretical and methodological concepts regarding the essence of political flash mob (political mob) as a spectacular and game-like variety of political actionism, to define the modern types of political mobs. The research methodology is based on: the model of society of spectacle (G. Debord); the simulation model (J. Baudrillard); the individualized society model (Z. Bauman); the model of society of interactive spectacle (S. Best, D. Kellner) etc. The methodology synthesized the theoretical and methodological concepts of symbolic interactionism, postmodernism and post-structuralism. The scientific novelty lies in the author’s original analysis of political mobs as a spectacular and game-like variety of political actionism technology, which consists of one-time or wave-like conduction of short-term dramatized mass actions according to a pre-agreed scenario. Conclusions. The analysis showed that political mob is a spectacular network interaction, performed on the basis of horizontal social communications. The author defined the following features of political mob: non-institutional character; organization through online resources; spectacularity, pronounced game context; chronometricty etc. There are following varieties of modern political mobs: “silent” flash mobs, online flash mobs (i-mob); wave-like relay and others. It is noted that the vast majority of political flash mobs are peaceful in their nature. It is emphasized that in some countries flash mobs are considered equal to protest actions, such as rallies and pickets, therefore their spontaneous self-organization is forbidden.

Фолклорeн събор, фестивал, конкурс в съвременността. Значение и място на музиката в тях

Author(s): Radka Bratanova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2019

From the beginning of the 21st century and especially in its second decade, a lot of folklore festivals, sabors, singing and music making competitions, fairs, exhibitions and feasts have been created and organized. In almost every town or village (predominantly these are towns) the events take place once a year – a fact which suggests that they are in a way substitutes of the local fairs from the past. In all these cases there is folk music – either processed or unprocessed. Its role and significance determine to a great extent the type, the format and the level of the particular event.The article reveals different phenomena, certifying for the influence of the music performed on the festival where it is performed – played by professionals or by amateurs, having a main or an accompanying role, used or not with different functions and with different cultural aims.

ФОРМАЛИЗАЦИЯ ПОЛИТИЧЕСКОЙ ОТВЕТСТВЕННОСТИ ПАРТИЙНЫХ ОРГАНИЗАЦИЙ

Author(s): Ruslan Faritovich Garipov / Language(s): Russian Issue: 1/2015

The paper analyzes the legally enforceable attributes of political responsibility imposed on political parties in the Russian Federation. Attention is paid to the problem of objective forms of political responsibility incurred by political parties. Three variants for formalization of political responsibility have been suggested: legislative description of its bases, certain conditions, and potential application of negative measures.

ФОРМИРАНЕ НА ПОЛИТИКАТА ЗА СИГУРНОСТ И ОТБРАНА

Проблеми и възможни решения

Author(s): Iliya Nalbantov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3/2011

The article presents a possible model for the formation of state policy in the security and defense sector. This model is based on the achievement of public consensus in shaping state policy by improving organization and effectiveness in the activity of the Consultative National Security Council by the President.

Формирование медиа системы Украины после распада СССР

Author(s): Yuliia Nesteriak / Language(s): English,Russian Issue: 4/2018

The main features and tendencies in the formation and development of the modem media system in Ukraine after the collapse of the Soviet Union are examined in the article. In particular, the factors influencing the transition from the Soviet model of the press to the model of polarized pluralism are analyzed. The author also identifies the conditions necessary for the stable and progressive development of the media system to emerge in Ukraine, which include the development of public broadcasting, guaranteeing the independence of the media in various dimensions, the development of media pluralism, the strengthening of the mechanisms of self-regulation of the media, raising standards and increasing the diversity of forms of journalist education.

ФОРМИРОВАНИЕ СИСТЕМЫ ПОДГОТОВКИ МЕДИЦИНСКИХ КАДРОВ В КАЗАХСТАНЕ (90-Е ГОДЫ XX ВЕКА)

Author(s): Galija Fanilevna Galina / Language(s): Russian Issue: 4/2017

The paper considers the issue of providing qualified medical specialists as one of the key problems of the public healthcare system in post-Soviet Kazakhstan. The main activities for medical staff training in the context of the process of development of the public healthcare system in Kazakhstan after the collapse of the Soviet Union have been analyzed. The potential of medical staff of the country during the transition period has been described. The signs of poor education and qualification of medical specialists, regional and professional imbalances in medicine have been revealed. The obtained data demonstrate the major drawbacks of the staff policy in the field of medical education and healthcare organization as a result of the insufficient funding and the command-administrative Soviet system. The main activities for creating the proper conditions for development of the medical staff training system have been discussed in relation with the processes of integration and development of science, education, and public healthcare under the new socio-economic and political conditions. The factors that hinder the development of the effective medical staff training system have been identified, and its main results have been analyzed. The influence of social, economic, moral and cultural factors on the labor market and medical education has been determined. The main stages and key directions in the development of medical staff training have been revealed taking into account the global trends in public healthcare and medical education. It has been established that state measures in the area of reforms in the public healthcare system and medical education have allowed to gradually develop a staff policy for training of medical specialists since the late 1990s. It has been emphasized that the staff policy as a subject of research of the public healthcare institution during the difficult period of establishment of a market economy following the disintegration of the Soviet state makes it possible to identify the important aspects of the social history of the Republic of Kazakhstan.

Формування системи управління культурою в Україні: 1991–2004 рр.

Author(s): Viktoriya Lisnycha / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 4/2011

The article deals with the formation of sector management culture of Ukraine in 1991 -2004 years. The complexity of this process due to features of social, humanitarian, political and economic development, lack a number of legal and institutional arrangements.

Формування та реалізація бюджетної політики в умовах розвитку інноваційної економіки

Author(s): Halyna Palchevych,A. Mogiley / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 22/2012

The paper investigated the role of fiscal policy as an important component of the system of state regulation of innovative economic development. The analysis of the main aspects of development and implementation of fiscal policy in Ukraine. Identified priority areas for the construction of an effective fiscal policy.

ФОТОГРАФИЈА И ПРОПАГАНДА

Author(s): Dragan Ćalović / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 122/2006

Review of: Milanka Todić (2005) "Fotografija i propaganda: 1945–1958"; Banja Luka: JU Književna zadruga, Pančevo: Helicon by: Dragan Ćalović

ФРАЗЕОЛОГІЗМИ ТА НЕОФРАЗЕОЛОГІЗМИ В УКРАЇНСЬКОМУ ПОЛІТИЧНОМУ ДИСКУРСІ

Author(s): Svitlana Romaniuk / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 3/2015

The article outlines the usage of phraseological and neo phraseological expressions in the Ukrainian political discourse, which are generated in order to reinforce politicians’ arguments, postulates and proposals, however, too often misused when trying to convince their political opponents. In the article, contemporary neo phraseological expressions, created for the sake of a more persuasive political message, are cited.

Фукоово и Aгамбеново разумевање биополитике: Изазов модерне?

Author(s): Bogdana Koljević / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 3/2009

In this article the author analyses various theoretical conceptions of biopolitics in Michel Foucault and Giorgio Agamben through the issue of their relation towards Modernity. In confronting divergent standpoints, the author especially focuses on particularities of Foucault’s position, arguing that Foucault’s homo politicus appears as an still uninvestigated possibility of synthesis of politics, ethics and philosophy. In that context, the ways in which Foucault and Agamben relate towards Modernity are presented as decisive for interpretation and understanding of biopolitics and new possibilities of the political. The author concludes in arguing that genealogy of contemporary phenomena of biopolitics, as a continuation of Foucault’s approach in the present, opens up with itself the theoretical possibility for new political subjectivity.