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The article describes a specific form of library and information services available to the public - the mobile library. It discusses the history and development of the mobile library, types of mobile libraries and how they are used. The article looks at the kinds of collections on offer, facilities available, what means are used to transport library stock and how the service is organised. Also, what qualifications are needed to work in these institutions and the duties the staff carries out on a daily basis.
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This paper presents a problem associated with the heritage of folk culture in southern Poland, namely, a custom that originates from the late nineteenth century and involves painting buildings, farms and environmental elements as well as residential interiors in original, colorful floral designs. The article explains the concept of nature and forms of ethnographic tourism. Then it focuses on Zalipian folk art – a living tradition representing the region of Powiśle Dąbrowskie – which attracts a great interest of tourists from home and abroad. The genesis of Zalipian painting and the “painted village” of Zalipie as an ethnographic tourism attraction in Powiśle Dąbrowskie are presented and discussed.
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Although several studies in Serbia have dealt with the role of the media in the wars in the former Yugoslavia, it turned out that a more comprehensive analysis of the war reporting discourse requires a comparative study of several war conflicts in a similar media context. The article explors discourse-language characteristics used in the media to develope empa¬thy with one side of the conflict and negative representation of the other side on the example of the three war conflicts in the former Yugoslavia. The analysed corpus of texts consists of parts of television programs and newspaper articles of the media close to the state structures whose military formations were involved in the conflict. The text and television bulletin are the basic units of analysis, with critical discourse analysis theoretical aproach. According to the analysis of the position of participants and actions in the conflict and determining their semantic position in relation to the deictic center of the journalist speaker, it has been found that during the first conflict analysed, the Ten-day War in Slovenia, both televisions were gradually building an attitude towards one of the sides in the conflict, as if it being a part of their own identity. The war propaganda mechanisms were used in the complete reporting about the Marcale Masacre, by means of which alongside the war formations the whole na¬tions were designated as enemies, with numerous examples of ethnicism in language. A similar treatment of the opposite side has been noticed in the third study, Operation Storm, but a critical approach was also made on the position of the Serbian media towards one of the groups of participants in the conflict (military and political leaders of rebelian Serbs), up to that time an integral part of the Serbian side, alongside the policy of the media which no longer gave full support to the continuation of the war. On the level of the language structure, there are marked categories which have been noticed, depending on their use with the aim to express a subjective attitude towards a group of participants. Typical means of favouring are: positive qualificatives, hyperbolic expressions, euphemisms, modal verbs and passive constructions, while for disqualification negative qualificatives, as well as abusive expressions and pejoratives are applied.
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When his volume of (false) memories, Journal en miettes (Journal in crumbs), was published, in 1967, Eugene Ionesco was already a leading figure of the French theater, regarded as a pioneer in drama, having now a lifetime experience, not at all linear, spent between Romania and France, so that his own self introspection was revealing a confused man, concerned about his own destiny. The Journal has numerous pages of genuine memoirs, filled with meditations on the condition, the state of existence and on its final moment, death.
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The memorial inscriptions found in the Griva cemetery in Daugavpils [Latvia] are a valuable source for scientific research on borderland communities. As well as being a multilingual region the Daugavpils area is characterized by mixed marriages, particularly between people of Polish and Russian origin. The religion of those who have deceased is of the most lasting importance; that which is understood as passed down from generation to generation. The language used in the inscriptions is the result of a complex decision-making process. This takes into account not only religious and national identity but also the will of the deceased, their place of burial and local traditions.
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Using the archival documents and personal interviews as historical sources, this essay analyzes the ideological problems of advertising international tourism in the main travel agencies of the Soviet Union during the Brezhnev era, 1964-84. These agencies, Inturist, a Tourist Department of the Soviet Trade Unions and a Communist Youth League’s organization Sputnik, encountered problems with advertising from the early beginning of their history. In the 1960s and the 70s they created special departments responsible for propaganda and advertising or advertising and mass media in Inturist. On the one hand, these tourist agencies had to provide interesting information to attract more Soviet and foreign tourists and more financial sources. On the other hand, the most attractive elements in advertising Soviet tourism were various national elements of different Soviet nationalities, including their costumes, music and handicrafts. As a result, such efforts exposed the limits of Soviet cultural homogenization project during the stage of developed socialism. In practice, it led to serious problems for the representatives of the Soviet tourist agencies in foreign countries. The most dangerous problem was nationalism. The essay explores how the problems of national identity were tied to advertising Soviet Union travel to foreign tourists as a new strategy of the Soviet tourist agencies during late socialism before perestroika. Despite strict KGB and ideological regulations, new “national” forms of advertising such as folk music survived after 1984 and contributed to expansion of tourism, which brought increased profits and influence to the leaders of the local tourist agencies.
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La gazette Neamul Românesc (Le Peuple Roumain) a été fondé par le grand historien Nicolae Iorga et a paru sans interroption entre 1906 et 1940. Elle a publié nombreux articles sur les principaux événiments sur l’histoire des Roumains, qui sont mentionés et commentés dans notre étude.
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József Hidasi reports from Freiburg, where this year’s Nobel Prize winner for literature, Herta Müller, had agreed before she had received the award to grant him a literary interview, which did take place but with a much larger audience in attendance.
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In the nineties of the twentieth century, Tadeusz Kantor built a house in Hucisko, a small town located in the municipality of Gdów. The design of the artist’s office definitely served a practical aesthetic. It is therefore not surprising that the rhythm of the windows is determined by the functional layout. The artist distributed them so that they could encompass the widest possible view. „Kantorówka” is very modest and intimate, but not without fancy elements. It was built in three months by a highland carpenter. In „Kantorówka” one finds the workshops of Tadeusz Kantor and his wife – Mary Stangret. Today the house is empty. Maria Stangret comes here but rarely. Also, „Cricoteka” no longer organizes activities and trips to the village near Cracow. Yet the manor house in Hucisko is the home of the artist’s „soul” and is ideal for conducting creative workshops and the development of artistic imagination. Kantor wanted his home in Hucisko to become a place for meetings, conferences, exhibitions and educational activities aimed at the local population. He tried to create a meeting place for people of different views, to discuss the art and science, and thus encourage and educate the public. However, his death meant that this vision was never fully realized. Kantor’s house is deserted, and the title of one of his recent dramas „I’ve been here not to come back” takes on an added significance... The Foundation „Given a Chance”, whose statutory aims are based on educational and cultural activities, has proposed to create a summer Theatre Academy in the home of Tadeusz Kantor in Hucisko. The Academy would organize a wide variety of different classes devoted to drama activities, painting and photography workshops, as well as literary – journalistic activities. At the end of each cycle, the Academy would organize a conference and a series of exhibitions of works by people who participated in the workshops. It is proposed that classes should be available to foreigners, so that the work of Tadeusz Kantor could return to his home in Hucisko. This paper also proposes that the above projects should be financed from the European Union funds available for the years 2007–2013.
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The article is a general anthropological survey of the complex issues of Polish diaspora in Norway. The reflections and interpretations are based on the fieldwork conducted by the author among Polish economic immigrants in Oslo during the summer of 2009 for the interdisciplinary academic project CULCOM (‘Cultural Complexity in the New Norway’). The main goal of the fieldwork was to examine the tools for reconstructing the nationhood in immigrants’ everyday life, as well as the particular nationalism shaped via social and economic class, gender relations and particular cultural background. The present article, however, focuses only on the first issue. Therefore, it deals with the most banal aspects of immigrants’ daily routine which at the first glance seem to be irrelevant and less important. Yet, by using anthropological perspective one may observe that the same daily practices involve various and complex moments of national Identification. As a result, the article describes and analyzes the national praxis of Polish immigrant workers living in one of the Oslo districts. What seems to be interesting is the specific process of constructing the hermetic and national space by the immigrants in the context of Norwegian reality. This process, in turn, includes various tools for banal nationalism.
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